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shows different types of sarcomas including angiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, etc. 3
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... Recently, the image-guided IRE technique has been applied for the treatment of prostate, pancreatic, and liver cancers, and its safety and efficacy have been documented 11,12 Focal IRE in patients with localized prostate cancer showed promising results in both oncological and functional outcomes. The monopolar IRE with required multiple electrodes is used to locally ablate prostate tumor tissues using the high electric field strength of voltages ranging from 1000 to 3000 V and pulse durations ranging from 50 to 100 μs [13][14][15] . The monopolar IRE may pose potential hazards, such as cardiac arrhythmias and severe muscle contractions during IRE procedure 12,16 Thus, research on alternative IRE protocols is actively conducted to overcome these limitations of monopolar IRE for local treatment of prostate cancer. ...
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal ablation technique for local tumor treatment known to be influenced by pulse duration and voltage settings, affecting its efficacy. This study aims to investigate the effects of bipolar IRE with different pulse durations in a prostate cancer mouse model. The therapeutic effectiveness was assessed with in vitro cell experiments, in vivo tumor volume changes with magnetic resonance imaging, and gross and histological analysis in a mouse model. The tumor volume continuously decreased over time in all IRE-treated groups. The tumor volume changes, necroptosis (%), necrosis (%), the degree of TUNEL-positive cell expression, and ROS1-positive cell (%) in the long pulse duration-treated groups (300 μs) were significantly increased compared to the short pulse duration-treated groups (100 μs) (all p < 0.001). The bipolar IRE with a relatively long pulse duration at the same voltage significantly increased IRE-induced cell death in a prostate cancer mouse model.
... IRE generally ablates tumor tissues by damaging the cellular membrane using the specific conditions of voltage (1000 V), duration (100 µs), and 8 pulses [14,40]. However, since voltages above 1000 V showed too much toxicity in vitro condition (data not shown), we evaluated the cancer cell death rate by fixing the voltage at 1000 V and changing the pulses. ...
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This study deals with a new strategy for effective cancer immunotherapy using a combination of electrical ablation and immune adjuvant, a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist. The combination treatment significantly improved the cancer treatment effect by converting the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) to an immunogenic TME. The combination of interventional oncology and immuno-oncology is expected to contribute to the treatment of various difficult-to-treat tumors.
Abstract
Recently, cancer immunotherapy has received attention as a viable solution for the treatment of refractory tumors. However, it still has clinical limitations in its treatment efficacy due to inter-patient tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we demonstrated the triggering of anti-cancer immune responses by a combination of irreversible electroporation (IRE) and a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist. Optimal electrical conditions inducing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by immunogenic cell death (ICD) were determined through in vitro 2D and 3D cell experiments. In the in vivo syngeneic lung cancer model, the combination of IRE and STING agonists demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition. We believe that the combination strategy of IRE and STING agonists has potential for effective cancer immunotherapy.
The application of irreversible electroporation (IRE) to endoluminal organs is being investigated; however, the current preclinical evidence and optimized electrodes are insufficient for clinical translation. Here, a novel self-expandable electrode (SE) made of chemically polished nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) alloy wire for endoluminal IRE is developed in this study. Chemically polished heat-treated Ni-Ti alloy wires demonstrate increased electrical conductivity, reduced carbon and oxygen levels, and good mechanical and self-expanding properties. Bipolar IRE using chemically polished Ni-Ti wires successfully induces cancer cell death. IRE-treated potato tissue shows irreversibly and reversibly electroporated areas containing dead cells in an electrical strength-dependent manner. In vivo study using an optimized electric field strength demonstrates that endobiliary IRE using the SE evenly induces well-distributed mucosal injuries in the common bile duct (CBD) with the overexpression of the TUNEL, HSP70, and inflammatory cells without ductal perforation or stricture formation. This study demonstrates the basic concept of the endobiliary IRE procedure, which is technically feasible and safe in a porcine CBD as a novel therapeutic strategy for malignant biliary obstruction. The SE is a promising electrical energy delivery platform for effectively treating endoluminal organs.
