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shows a relation from a small domain to a similarly-sized range. The first kind of change is a global substitution, see figure 3. This is where a change of permutation or merger applies to elements of either the domain or the range. All of the pairs which contain the affected elements are modified, hence the name. 

shows a relation from a small domain to a similarly-sized range. The first kind of change is a global substitution, see figure 3. This is where a change of permutation or merger applies to elements of either the domain or the range. All of the pairs which contain the affected elements are modified, hence the name. 

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Conference Paper
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Languages evolve, undergoing repeated small changes, some with permanent effect and some not. Changes affecting a language may be independent or contact-induced. Independent changes arise internally or, if externally, from non-linguistic causes. En masse, such changes cause isolated languages to drift apart in lexical form and grammatical structure...

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Citations

... Since the island was never deserted due to its size, its Greek character never changed, so the island's idiom was not significantly affected from any foreign language other than Italian during the period of the Frankish rule and the Turkish idiom during the Turkish occupation but only superficially (Chatzivassiliou, 1994: 166). Regarding Italian words in the lesbian idiom, as general remars we find valid data in other similar cases, such as:  According to Ellison and Miceli (2012) all the changes that have occurred since contact, become a reality when the languages are shared by speakers or when the speakers have contact with each other.  Most language loans from Italy are of neutral gender (Makri:2013)  Counter-loans 5 are minimal  Some Italian words have a common use after being adapted first in the lesbian idiom. ...
... Do you recognize the following words? 5 Counter-loan is the term used to describe the words that according to Ralli (2007: 131) have Greek roots, but they were formed in a foreign language. 6 The International Phonetic Alphabet ...
Article
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The Genoese stayed in Lesvos for four generations as lords of the island and various italian words were bequeathed to future generations. Some of them as a heritage are still today's in use in the vocabulary of the habitants. In this article an attempt is made to study the Italian words in the lesbian idiom1 through their reference and their translation into Greek. The paper is accompanied by research where the speakers answer a questionnaire, in order to first determine if any of these words are easily recognizable as loans and secondly if their meaning in Greek it remains the same as that of the Italian language. KEYWORDS: Lesvos, lesbian idiom, Italian words, Genoese, Gatelouze
... Since the island was never deserted due to its size, its Greek character never changed, so the island's idiom was not significantly affected from any foreign language other than Italian during the period of the Frankish rule and the Turkish idiom during the Turkish occupation but only superficially (Chatzivassiliou, 1994: 166). Regarding Italian words in the lesbian idiom, as general remars we find valid data in other similar cases, such as:  According to Ellison and Miceli (2012) all the changes that have occurred since contact, become a reality when the languages are shared by speakers or when the speakers have contact with each other.  Most language loans from Italy are of neutral gender (Makri:2013)  Counter-loans 5 are minimal  Some Italian words have a common use after being adapted first in the lesbian idiom. ...
... Do you recognize the following words? 5 Counter-loan is the term used to describe the words that according to Ralli (2007: 131) have Greek roots, but they were formed in a foreign language. 6 The International Phonetic Alphabet ...
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This study deals with the Italian Nobel Laureate Luigi Pirandello as there is a constant and unabated interest in him in the Greek theatrical scene since his ideas and philosophy have concerned, and continue to concern, the theatrical and literary audience. The aim of the research is to examine whether this effect reached Greek primary production and how certain Greek writers adopted the style of the Italian playwright. The research focuses on the relationships between three authors. The themes that Pirandello deals with in his plays, Kazantzakis in the play "Othello Returns" and Matesis in the play "The Station" that seem to function as portrayals of a common perception of the three authors about the world, and the identification of the behaviour of the characters in their literary texts.