Fig 1 - uploaded by Aroha Miller
Content may be subject to copyright.
sampling locations of Charybdis japonica (Waitemata harbour) and Ovalipes catharus (Waitemata harbour and all other sites shown) within new Zealand.
Source publication
The success of biological invaders is often attributed to escape from specialist enemies in their natural range, such as predators and parasites. For enemy escape to have direct consequences in competitive interactions, invaders need to be less vulnerable to enemies than native competitors in the region they invade, but first the presence of these...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... to determine the prevalence and intensity of infestation of parasites and ectosymbionts, and where possible their identity, within the introduced population of C. japonica and in the native species, O. catharus, and to compare these findings within sympatric populations of the two species, and across the biogeographic range of the native species. (Fig. 1). in each location crabs were caught using small collapsible box traps (62 cm long × 42 cm wide × 20 cm high) baited with pilchards. up to 50 trap lines, each containing three baited traps, were deployed throughout each harbour at water depths ranging from 1.5 m to 15 m. traps were generally left overnight before being retrieved. ...
Similar publications
Plagioscion squamosissimus, commonly known as ”white hake” or ”corvina”, is among the most commercially important fish in the Amazon and host to a great diversity of endoparasites. The aim of the present study was to compare the communities and infracommunities of metazoan parasites that infect P. squamosissimus in two rivers
from the eastern Brazi...
Jenynsia multidentata Jenyns, 1842 (one-sided livebearers) are euryhaline viviparous fish of small size, used in the laboratory experiment, important as resource for biological control of mosquito’s larva and a key species to recover eutrophic lakes. Works have been published dealing with parasite biodiversity of this host, but little has been stud...
Se aportan datos de la diversidad y ecología de los helmintos parásitos de larvas de Boana pulchella en el Arroyo El Belisario, perteneciente a la cuenca hidrográfica de Sierra de la Ventana, Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Las comunidades de helmintos están integradas por tres especies, un nematode oxyuroideo especialista de larvas de anuro...
Monthly sampling of catches at the confluence area of Niger and Benue rivers was carried out between March 2014 and February 2015 to determine the occurrence of endohelminth parasites in Synodontis schall. A total of 193 hosts were examined and the prevalence of infection was 85.59%. Endohelminth species encountered included 2 digeneans (Allocreadi...
This study provides information on seasonal occurrence of developmental stages of endoparasites infecting three cyprinids in the Nwanedi-Luphephe dams, Limpopo River System. Labeobarbus marequensis (Smith, 1841), Barbus trimaculatus Peters, 1852 and Barbus radiatus Peters, 1853 were investigated seasonally from January 2008 to October 2008. The fol...
Citations
... References. Miller et al. (2006). ...
... Other remarks Miller et al. (2006) Stage. Parasitic or post-parasitic juvenile. ...
Parasitic helminths with complex life cycles require multiple hosts in a particular order to complete their life cycles. Although almost all helminths infect invertebrates at some point in their life cycle, we know very little about which species of invertebrates harbor parasites compared with what is known for vertebrates. In New Zealand, <1% of marine invertebrates that may be expected to host parasites have records of parasite infections. This is a strong indication that our knowledge of invertebrate parasites within marine ecosystems is highly limited. Here, we provide the first comprehensive parasite-host checklist including data from the literature and newly discovered infections of parasitic helminths infecting marine invertebrates in New Zealand. Including both pre-existing and newly found data from our survey, we present data on 73 parasite taxa (five acanthocephalans, 13 cestodes, nine nematodes, and 46 trema-todes) infecting 62 marine invertebrate species in New Zealand. In addition, we compile existing and new genetic data for many of these parasites, as a useful tool for future studies of parasite biodiversity and phylogenetics.
... Size frequency data across sampling sites indicates self-recruitment with multiple age classes present, including juveniles, within Kaipara, Tauranga, and Waitematā Harbours and Weiti River. Several previous studies have examined the population dynamics and structure of C. japonica in New Zealand (Smith et al. 2003;Gust and Inglis 2006;Miller et al. 2006;Fowler and McLay 2013). However, these studies were limited to single or very few sampling sites, as C. japonica had not become widespread during this time. ...
... Of all C. japonica caught (443), 78.1% were male (346) and 21.9% were female (97), with an overall M:F ratio of 3.6:1. Previous studies of C. japonica within New Zealand have also observed male-biased sex ratios (Smith et al. 2003;Miller et al. 2006;Fowler and McLay 2013;Wong and Sewell 2015). In contrast, in Japan, sex ratios vary from 1:1.1 on the open coast to 1.1:8 within a bay (Kobayashi and Vazquez-Archdale 2018). ...
Charybdis japonica, a large invasive portunid, has been recorded in New Zealand since its detection in the Waitematā Harbour in 2000. In this study, the distribution, invasion history, abundance and population structure were investigated for C. japonica across the North Island of New Zealand. This was done using various distribution data available, trapping across several sites and interviews with commercial fishermen. Charybdis japonica was detected in the previously uninvaded Tauranga, Ohiwa, Hokianga, Manukau Harbours and Great Barrier Island. The rate of spread for C. japonica is continuous, with harbours or estuaries hundreds of kilometres apart having detections every two to three years. Population abundances reported by commercial fishermen constantly increased, with no signs of stabilisation or decrease. Catches were male-biased, with female abundance varying seasonally. Several possible pathways and vectors may be responsible for this spread, including shipping and aquaculture, on top of dispersal of larvae by currents across the North Island. Further research is required to determine population sources, with findings providing important information for invasive species monitoring and management.
... For this reason, since 2003, monitoring of the P. camtschaticus population has been conducted by specialists from the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute (MMBI) in coastal waters of the Kola Peninsula [4,7,13,17,18]. Regular studies of symbiotic associations of non-indigenous species are important because they allow the tracking of the establishment and adaptation processes of such alien host species in new places of their distribution and could help evaluate the impacts of these crabs on local communities [19][20][21]. In addition, such studies could provide new information on the biodiversity of targeted areas and detect changes in local communities associated with human activities and climate shifts [20,22]. ...
During diving surveys for a Russian research project that monitored introduced species, red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus) were collected at a coastal site of the Barents Sea to study the structure and dynamics of this species. Sampling of the organisms colonizing the crabs was part of this research project. For the first time, the presence of relatively large specimens of the common starfish Asterias rubens as epibionts of P. camtschaticus was observed in July 2010, 2018, and 2019. In 2010 and 2019, we also found three other echinoderm species (the Atlantic sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa, the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, and the brittle star Ophiura sarsii). These findings add to the current list of associated species on king crabs not only in the Barents Sea but also in native areas of this host. Red king crabs have been documented as predators for these echinoderm species, and our records show additional possible interactions between king crabs and echinoderms in this region. More likely, the epibiotic lifestyle allows these echinoderms to avoid predation from red king crabs. There are no potential disadvantages derived by red king crabs through their relationships with the echinoderm epibionts due to low occurrences of these associations. We suggest no negative effects for the local red king crab population and populations of other commercial species in the Barents Sea.
... Introduced hosts may also alter disease prevalence and severity indirectly by changing the behaviour of native hosts or by changing physicochemical conditions that affect native host exposure and/or resistance to disease. Species introduction provides a natural experiment for a different Miller et al. (2006) perspective on the role of disease in natural populations. In New Zealand there are over 200 non-native aquatic species of different taxa that have become established, but only five studies (two on marine systems, three on freshwater systems) have investigated how their introduction has interacted with native disease dynamics (Table 5). ...
Dedicated studies on aquatic disease in New Zealand began in 1974, inspired by a developing aquaculture industry. Since then, two main aquatic disease study areas have emerged: (1) aquatic disease ecology and (2) diseases of commercial species. Progress over the past 20-years has been made by only a small number of researchers and aquatic disease in New Zealand has not received much attention from the wider marine science community. In 2020, the aquaculture industry continues to grow, and disease remains a threat to the industry’s viability. However, additional factors such as climate change, invasive species, and pollution, have emerged as future threats for aquatic disease in wild and farmed populations, which are currently understudied. Here, we provide a review of studies on aquatic disease ecology and commercial species carried out in New Zealand. We also present how climate change, pollution and invasive species could influence future aquatic disease dynamics and identify where future research effort is required to address knowledge gaps. The emergence of consequential aquatic diseases overseas highlights wider attention across marine science disciplines is needed to progress and diversify aquatic disease studies in New Zealand.
... Resulting in an overall M:F ratio of 3.6:1. This is comparable to previous studies in New Zealand, which have also observed a male-biased sex ratio of 1.2-9.5 males to one female (Fowler & McLay, 2013;Miller et al., 2006;Smith et al., 2003;Wong & Sewell, 2015). A male-biased sex ratio of 2.1:1 is also observed in the north of the native range of C. japonica (Kolpakov & Kolpakov, 2011). ...
... This was highly unexpected as the spawning season continues through until April (Fowler & McLay, 2013;Wong & Sewell, 2015). This difference may be due to differential mortality between male and female C. japonica due to sexual dimorphism in size, resulting in a high susceptibility of females to predators, such as rig, which were abundant throughout these catches of only Gust Miller et al., 2006;Smith et al., 2003), and benthic sled tows, crab condos and shore searches for juveniles (Chapter 5) to obtain catches that are representative of the populations present. Sampling methods should be standardized throughout the sampling period to provide accurate results that are easily comparable between sites. ...
... Overall, 35% of C. japonica were missing a limb. This is significantly higher than the previously observed limb loss of C. japonica within the Waitematā Harbour (23.7%) and Weiti River (Fowler, 2011;Miller et al., 2006). There was only a small difference in limb loss between males and females, with 37% of males and 30% of females missing a limb. ...
Invasive species are driving declines in global biodiversity. Brachyurans are particularly
successful marine invaders. The Asian paddle crab, Charybdis japonica, is a large invasive
portunid native to Asia, first detected in the Waitematā Harbour in 2000. However, little is
known about the distribution, morphometrics, population demography, male influence on trap catch, where juveniles recruit, and the best method to capture them. Sampling across the North Island, in addition to fishermen interviews, were used to determine the crab’s current distribution. Morphometrics and population demography were analysed for C. japonica caught using traps. Male influence on trap catch and individual behaviours were examined using lab and field trials. Catch data from the Kaipara Harbour were examined to determine where juveniles recruit and the best method for detection. Charybdis japonica currently occurs from Ohiwa Harbour to the Bay of Islands on the east coast of the North Island and Manukau Harbour to Hokianga Harbour on the west coast. Analysis of distribution and invasion rate suggested that this dispersal is due to a range of vectors including international or domestic shipping, larval dispersal, aquaculture, and recreational vessels. The morphometric analysis revealed variation in interocular width between Kaipara/Manukau Harbours and Weiti River/Bayswater Marina and identified a possible morphometric size at maturity of males just below 60mm carapace width. The abundance of females varied seasonally, with all populations of C. japonica sampled being male-biased. The presence of large male C. japonica in traps decreased the probability of further captures through aggressive interactions, indicating that
the male-biased catch may be a sampling artefact rather than being representative of the
population present. Juvenile C. japonica recruit into separate habitats with less fine sediment when compared to adults within the Kaipara Harbour. Benthic sled tows were the most effective method trialled for detecting small juvenile C. japonica within the Kaipara Harbour. These findings have several management implications. To prevent the continued spread of C. japonica throughout New Zealand, increased biosecurity measures are required to prevent further regional spread. This includes monitoring and population control using multiple methods to target various life stages of C. japonica.
... The main variables tested were pot and time (escape trials) and the blocking factors were date, individual pot and organism (escape trials studies on the eradication of swimming crabs have shown a preference for collapsible pots over hoop traps or hourglass traps (Gust and Inglis 2006;Hourston et al. 2015). Earlier surveys used collapsible box-shaped pots fitted with slit entrances (Gust and Inglis 2006;Miller et al. 2006), whereas more recent surveys have used dome-shaped pots with open-eyed entrances (Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 2008; Fowler et al. 2011;Fowler and McLay 2013;Hourston et al. 2015). The soaking times used during these studies have ranged from a few hours to 2 days, but a 24-h soaking was preferred, which is typical for trapping these crabs commercially (Vazquez Archdale et al. 2006b). ...
Fishing trials targeting several invasive swimming crab species in their native habitat were undertaken using two types of collapsible pot, one with open-eyed entrances and the other with closed-eyed entrances, to analyse differences in catch retention between them. The open-eyed pot was dome-shaped with two funnel entrances located at opposite ends, whereas the closed-eyed pot had two soft sleeves that ended in slits and had to be pushed through by organisms to ingress, supposedly reducing escape. Retention fishing trials (100 pot hauls per pot type) using a 1-day soaking and fish bait confirmed no significant difference in crab catches between pot types; differences were only detected for large fish (morays and congers). A second set of 4-day escape trials (20 pots per type) was undertaken to investigate how long organisms would be detained in the pots. Escape was significantly affected, and half-residences were typically delayed by 1-2 days for most crabs and fish in closed-eyed entrance pots because the entrances closed. Closed-eyed entrances hampered escape and may be useful when longer soakings are needed; however, because no differences were detected in crab numbers between the two entrance types for short soakings, we recommend open-eyed entrance pots in order to mitigate possible ghost fishing effects from lost gear.
... Applications of H. papillosus for C. japonica's bio-control may be considered. In the countries where C. japonica has invaded, there has not been so far a record of infected crabs by this parasite (Miller et al., 2006). However, factors should be carefully considered before an intentional introduction, because the host populations are maintained by high fecundity (Kolpakov and Kolpakov, 2011) and these parasites and hosts may coexist in the invaded habitat. ...
The Asian portunid crab Charybdis japonica is a shallow subtidal species, known as a fisheries target in its original range and an alien species in some countries in Oceania. Growth, reproductive ecology, and infection by Rhizocephalan parasites of this crab were surveyed in an intertidal boulder shore in an open seacoast and a pier in an inland bay (pier) in Japan. Some crabs were reared to observe their mating behavior. The boulder shore was their nursery ground, where juveniles grew for about a year. The recruitment lasted from September to November. Juveniles molted except from late November to mid-April and attained maturity (puberty molt) from late May to mid-August. They dispersed offshore before gonad maturation by August. Gonad development showed that their reproductive season extended from late May to early October. Oviposition lasted from late May to mid-September, while hatching occurred from mid-July to early October. Hatching was concentrated around new moon days and showed a rough lunar rhythm. Females spawned eggs at least twice from July to September. Most crabs repeated reproduction until their second year, and the very few that survived into their third year. Males copulated during approximately 1 hour with hard-shelled females, without any guarding. Both sexes could repeatedly copulate with several mates. Parasite prevalence was high in the inland bay (pier), and was different depending on the host crab’s sex, suggesting that parasites changed their life history according to the crab’s sex.
... Кроме того, такие крабы линяют гораздо реже, чем небольшие особи [Кузьмин, Гудимова, 2008; Dvoretsky, Dvoretsky, 2013 a], что также способствует увеличению их индексов заселенности. Подобная тенденция отмечена ранее в других районах Мирового океана для многих видов десятиногих ракообразных [Abello et al., 1990;Mantelatto et al., 2003;Miller et al., 2006]. ...
... Bryozoan larvae often choose where to settle based on the composition of the biofilm community on the substrate (Dahms et al. 2004) and/or the mechanical properties of the surface on which bryozoan larvae settle (Gray et al. 2002). Some epizoic bryozoans (e.g., Triticella) are obligate symbionts whose larvae prefer to settle on specific parts of their host crabs (Eggleston 1971;Miller et al. 2006). We found no evidence for or against bryozoan larval site preference in this study. ...
Epibionts are uniquely valuable in their ability to constrain paleoecological hypotheses about their own as well as their host’s behavior and environment. Rarely preserved epizoic bryozoans are here reported on fossil crabs from the Miocene Mishan Formation in the Zagros Basin of southwestern Iran. One-hundred-thirty-eight decapod crustaceans were recovered from the upper marly member of the Mishan Formation. Of those, seven decapods (5%) were fouled by bryozoans. Of these seven decapods, five had bryozoans growing attached to the cuticle of the hard outer surface of the exoskeleton of the host crabs and thus fouled while the host crab was potentially alive. Forty percent of the bryozoan colonies occurred on the host crab’s dorsal carapace, and 60% were found on chelipeds. On average, 30% of the surface area of the host crabs’ fouled skeletal components were covered by bryozoan colonies. The brachyurans were mostly leucosiids, including Leucosia persica and Myra sp. The bryozoans were all cheilostomes and included Acanthodesia sp., Thalamoporella sp., and an indeterminate ascophoran. These bryozoans are all the first reported occurrences in the Mishan Formation. The low incidence of crabs fouled by bryozoans is attributed to preservational bias. The results from this study are compared to those of fossil and extant host crabs reported in the literature. The bryozoan crab relationship documented here is best described as commensalism.
... Among the many hypotheses about negative interactions, 5 of the most prominent hypotheses are limiting similarity, Darwin's naturalization , biotic resistance, enemy release, and novel weapons. Limiting similarity (MacArthur & Levins 1967 ) and Darwin's naturalization hypothesis (Darwin 1859) suggest that invasions are enhanced by a lack of competition from functionally distinct natives, 254 Fig. 2. Number of studies examined for the 4 focal biological mechanisms (negative interactions, positive interactions, invader traits, and post-introduction evolution). Studies total to 481 instead of 470 because some studies addressed multiple mechanisms while the biotic resistance hypothesis (Levine et al. 2004) suggests that invasions are limited by native competitors and other natural enemies. ...
With expanding trade resulting in increased global transport of non-native species, a broader understanding of the mechanisms of marine invasions is becoming increasingly crucial. Yet our understanding of marine invasions lags behind that of terrestrial invasions, including our understanding of fundamental biological mechanisms that influence marine invasion success. We used a systematic search of over 3,000 peer-reviewed papers to review the marine invasion literature, identify overarching patterns, and help direct future research. We focus on four biological mechanisms: negative interactions (e.g., Limiting Similarity, Biotic Resistance, Enemy Release, Novel Weapons), positive interactions, invader traits, and post-introduction evolution, as they relate to understanding marine invasion success. A total of 470 studies (264 non-native species) were reviewed, resulting in the largest review of biological mechanisms of marine invasions to date. Negative interactions and invader traits received the majority of attention in the literature. Most negative interaction studies documented an increase in invasion success resulting from avoidance or release from competitors or consumer pressure. Consumer pressure, and predation in particular, compared to competition was more commonly documented as a mechanism that can limit invasion success. Despite limited evaluation, positive interactions and post-introduction evolution showed potential for enhancing invasion success. Invader trait studies highlighted the importance of life history and stress tolerance traits. Future studies that examine interactions at multiple scales and utilize multi-faceted approaches, molecular techniques, and predictive modeling will enhance our knowledge and ability to develop strategies to protect native ecosystems.
