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Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are one of the most frequent cutaneous malignancies.
The majority of BCCs are reported to occur on the auricular helix and periauricular region due
to ultraviolet light exposure. Despite the frequency of BCCs, those that develop within scar
tissue are rare, and the phenomenon of keloid BCCs has rarely been reported in t...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... basal cell carcinoma arising within a keloid scar acetate and 3 years after the original piercing, the keloid scar became active again, appearing red and telangiectasic. A final local injection of 60 mg methylprednisolone acetate was administered, resulting in no improvement with a further rapid growth in size (Figure 4). ...
Similar publications
Background:. Keloids are benign proliferative scars that often occur among individuals of color, and are thought to be the result of excessive collagen deposition that occurs after injury to the skin. The treatment of these scars is difficult with often poor outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical excision followed by i...
Keloid is a fibroproliferative disorder in the skin, which manifested with extensive deposition of collagen and extracellular matrix. Its etiology remains a mystery and its recurrence rate remains high despite combinative treatment regimens. Current hypotheses of its pathogenesis centered on the role of inflammatory processes as well as immune infi...
Introduction
Numerous studies have elucidated adiponectin as a negative impact on inflammation and tissue fibrosis. However, little is known about the relevance between adiponectin and inflammatory factors in keloid.
Methods
To clarify whether adiponectin plays a role in the inflammation and fibrosis of keloid, 50 patients with keloid and 50 healt...
Objectives:
To update a possible role of cosmeceutical topic treatment to obtain a better scar.
Methods:
This is a preliminary supportive study. A total of 14 patients who went to the General Hospital of Mexico City, Mexico, between May and December 2020, for breast reconstruction were included in the current study. The biopsies were carried out...
Background
Keloids are a dermal fibroproliferative scar of unknown etiology. There is no good animal model for the study of keloids, which hinders the development and assessment of treatments for keloids.
Methods
Human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts were isolated from 3 human skin tissues: normal skin, white scars, and keloids. A mixed-cell...
Citations
... The main effects after piercing application were bleeding, 39,38 gingival recession, 39e41 dental injuries, 39,40 contact dermatitis, 42 nickel sensitisation, 43,44 granulomatous dermatitis and keloid formation 45 or keloid development alone. 46 Interestingly, Goder et al. 47 reported a rare case of a basal cell carcinoma, which arose on top of a keloid scar on the right auricle region in a healthy female after an ear piercing applied 2 years prior. Finally, Ziebolz et al. ...
Objective
Body piercing is defined as the penetration of jewellery into openings made in different body areas. In the last decades, it has become increasingly common in the general population. The aim is to analyse the available literature about complications from body piercing for contributing to raise the awareness towards this issue and to plan and perform appropriate prevention interventions.
Study design
This is a systematic review.
Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to perform this systematic review; the protocol was registered with PROSPERO [CRD42020177972]. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from database inception to April 2020, and articles in English language reporting a proven association between piercings and health risks were included, and their quality were assessed by adequate quality assessment tools.
Results
A total of 4748 studies were found, and after duplicates removal and screening, 84 articles were included. Studies dealing with microbiological effects reported these complications both locally and at distant sites as a result of the spreading of the primary site infection: mastitis, endocarditis, glomerulonephritis, cephalic tetanus, viral hepatitis, HIV, cerebellar brain abscess and toxic shock syndrome. In addition, bleeding, gingival recession, dental injuries, contact dermatitis, granulomatous dermatitis, keloid, fibroma and basal cell carcinoma were reported.
Conclusions
Health authorities should promote educational campaigns to spread the knowledge on health risks related to piercings. Besides, piercers are often not adequately aware of all the possible adverse effects due to piercings because their professional training differs among countries. It is therefore advisable to provide periodical upgrade of their education in this field.
... Rare entities like collision tumors have been described on the external ear: the combination of melanoma and BCC is the most frequent; however, BCC and SCC have been observed to coexist in auricular region in a recent report [30]. Additionally, there is evidence of BCC arising from keloid scars of the auricle [31]. ...
The dermatologic lesions of the external ear are quite protean and they encompass pre-malignant, malignant and inflammatory entities. The ear is endowed with functional and cosmetic importance and it is part of the “H-zone”, which is the area of the head that generally presents tumors that can be considered high risk regardless of their size. As a matter of fact, skin malignancies of the ear tend to have a less benign course compared to the ones located on other areas of the body and complete excision has proven to be challenging. This mini-review provides an overview on the malignant cutaneous lesions of the external ear with a focus on their dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopy features. The most prevalent neoplasms of the auricle are squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma followed by melanoma. These malignant lesions appear to be more common in men and to have a worse prognosis compared to when they arise from other body districts. There is a relative dearth of large studies centered on the clinical, dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopy features of skin cancers of the ear. Hence, further research inquiring into the specific dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopy characteristics of the cutaneous malignant lesions of the external ear, if any, are warranted for the future.
... However, basal cell carcinomas can arise within other tumors such as seborrheic keratoses, epidermoid cysts, and keloids, as well as other skin lesions. [2][3][4] The ability to detect these common skin cancers early with the utilization of dermoscopy is crucial to prevent further progression as the result of later treatment. ...
Basal cell carcinomas have been reported to arise within several different tumors. Without careful attention to detail, basal cell carcinomas may go unnoticed when presenting within or directly adjacent to another distinct tumor. The increased use and accessibility of dermoscopy has allowed dermatologists to detect skin cancers that might otherwise be undetected by the naked eye. This case report details a collision, detected by dermoscopy, of a basal cell carcinoma developing within a long-standing hemangioma (cherry angioma) on the left lower eyelid of a 75-year-old man.
... It was found that inhibition of mTOR can reduce extracellular matrix deposition [20,21]. In addition, the expression of mTOR and its upstream molecules PI3K and Akt were significantly increased in keloid tissues [3,4]. ...
Background:
Wubeizi (Rhus chinensis Mill.) ointment has been shown as an effective treatment for keloids. However, the protective mechanisms of Wubeizi ointment are not fully understood. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been demonstrated to be associated with keloid pathogenesis. In the present study, we investigated if Wubeizi ointment suppressed keloid formation through the modulation of key molecules of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway including phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (Akt).
Methods:
A keloid mouse model and human keloid-derived fibroblasts were developed and treated with Galla chinensis. Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and reverse transcription-PCR were used to detect PI3K, PTEN, Akt, and mTOR in keloid tissues and keloid fibroblasts. The apoptosis and proliferation rate of keloid fibroblasts was, respectively, analyzed by flow cytometry according to the MTT assay. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. For two variable comparisons, a two independent samples t-test was used. For multiple variable comparisons, data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by pairwise q-tests.
Results:
Our in vivo and in vitro studies showed that Wubeizi ointment suppressed keloid formation through inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and promotion of fibroblast apoptosis. The underlying basis involves downregulation of p-Akt and p-mTOR as well as upregulation of PTEN.
Conclusion:
These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of Wubeizi ointment for treating keloids.
... The observations are consistent with disturbance being a fundamental factor [93] in tumour initiation. Further, an association between keloids and cancer has been reported [112,113]. There are, of course, many occasions where scars are not sites of subsequent tumour growth, probably reflecting that for cancerous behaviour to occur, the disturbance of ECM must be accompanied by a loaded tissue-specific oncogene that has potential to elicit uncontrolled proliferation in that tissue (Fig. 6). ...
Appropriate mechanical forces on cells are vital for normal cell behaviour and this review discusses the possibility that tumour initiation depends partly on the disruption of the normal physical architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) around a cell. The alterations that occur thence promote oncogene expression. Some questions, that are not answered with certainty by current consensus mechanisms of tumourigenesis, are elegantly explained by the triggering of tumours being a property of the physical characteristics of the ECM, which is operative following loading of the tumour initiation process with a relevant gene variant. Clinical observations are consistent with this alternative hypothesis which is derived from studies that have, together, accumulated an extensive variety of data incorporating biochemical, genetic and clinical findings. Thus, this review provides support for the view that the ECM may have an executive function in induction of a tumour. Overall, reported observations suggest that either restoring an ECM associated with homeostasis or targeting the related signal transduction mechanisms may possibly be utilised to modify or control the early progression of cancers. The review provides a coherent template for discussing the notion, in the context of contemporary knowledge, that tumourigenesis is an alliance of biochemistry, genetics and biophysics, in which the physical architecture of the ECM may be a fundamental component. For more definitive clarification of the concept there needs to be a phalanx of experiments conceived around direct questions that are raised by this paper.
... The observations are consistent with disturbance being a fundamental factor [93] in tumour initiation. Further, an association between keloids and cancer has been reported [112,113]. There are, of course, many occasions where scars are not sites of subsequent tumour growth, probably reflecting that for cancerous behaviour to occur, the disturbance of ECM must be accompanied by a loaded tissue-specific oncogene that has potential to elicit uncontrolled proliferation in that tissue (Fig. 6). ...
Appropriate mechanical forces on cells are vital for normal cell behaviour and this review discusses the possibility that tumour initiation depends partly on the disruption of the normal physical architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) around a cell. The alterations that occur thence promote oncogene expression. Some questions, that are not answered with certainty by current consensus mechanisms of tumourigenesis, are elegantly explained by the triggering of tumours being a property of the physical characteristics of the ECM, which is operative following loading of the tumour initiation process with a relevant gene variant. Clinical observations are consistent with this alternative hypothesis which is derived from studies that have, together, accumulated an extensive variety of data incorporating biochemical, genetic and clinical findings. Thus, this review provides support for the view that the ECM may have an executive function in induction of a tumour. Overall, reported observations suggest that either restoring an ECM associated with homeostasis or targeting the related signal transduction mechanisms may possibly be utilised to modify or control the early progression of cancers. The review provides a coherent template for discussing the notion, in the context of contemporary knowledge, that tumourigenesis is an alliance of biochemistry, genetics and biophysics, in which the physical architecture of the ECM may be a fundamental component. For more definitive clarification of the concept there needs to be a phalanx of experiments conceived around direct questions that are raised by this paper.
... They create considerable cosmetic problems for the patients. There is also a potential for skin cancer development [1]. Ear is one of the localizations where keloids are frequently seen because it is preferred to wear earrings. ...
... They create considerable cosmetic problems for the patients. There is also a potential for skin cancer development [1]. Ear is one of the localizations where keloids are frequently seen because it is preferred to wear earrings. ...
zet KULAK KELOİDİ TEDAVİSİNDE, SHAVE EKSİZYON, İNTRALEZYONEL STEROİD ENJEKSİYONU VE TOPİKAL İMİQUİMOD KOMBİNASYON TEDAVİSİ DAVİ Keloidler, anormal iyileşmenin neden olduğu benign proliferatif lezyonlardır. Keloidlerin tedavisi yüksek nüks oranları nedeniyle çok zordur. Keloidlerde, lezyon büyüklüğüne, lokalizasyonuna ve önceki müdahalelere göre değişebilen birçok tedavi yöntemi vardır. 17 yaşında kadın hasta, kulağına pearcing uygulandıktan sonra gelişen posterior aurikuler keloid ile başvurdu. Shave eksizyon, tek seans intralezyonel steroid enjeksiyonu ve altı hafta boyunca günlük topikal imiquimod uygulamasından oluşan üçlü kombinasyon ile tedavi edildi. Bir yıl içinde nüks veya herhangi bir yan etki olmadan çok iyi bir yanıt elde edildi. Abstract COMBINATION THERAPY OF SHAVE EXCISION, INTRALESIONAL STEROID INJECTION, AND TOPICAL IMIQUIMOD IN THE TREATMENT OF EAR KELOID Keloids are benign proliferative lesions caused by abnormal healing. Treatment of keloids is very difficult due to high recurrence rates. In keloids, there are many treatment modalities that can vary according to lesion size, localization, and previous interventions. A 17-year-old female patient presented with a posterior ear keloid that developed after pearcing into her ear. The shaving excision was treated with a triple combination consisting of single session intralesional steroid injection and daily topical imiquimod application for six weeks. Within one year, a very good response was obtained without recurrence or any side effect. Anahtar kelimeler: keloid, shave eksizyon, intralezyonel, steroid, imiquimod.
... Furthermore, DnaK is upregulated in keloid tissues and scars [157] which can be basis for tumor development in various cancers [158][159][160]. In this regard, it may of importance to keep in mind the poor survival of subtypes of colorectal cancers with desmoplastic patterns [161] and the increase of desmoplasia in keloid tissues [162]. ...
The role of ubiquitous proteins (UPs) and their corresponding enzymes have been underestimated in carcinogenesis as the focus of much research revolved around measuring mutations and/or other genetic epiphenomena as surrogate markers of cancer and cancer progression. Over the past three decades, the scientific community has come to realize that the concentration on microdissection of cancer cells without accounting for the neighborhood in which these cells reside, i.e., the stroma, fails to reflect the true nature of cancer biology. UPs are fundamental for cellular homeostasis and phylogenetic development as well as for the integrity of the cytoskeleton and for the stability of cells and tissues in regards to intercellular signaling, cell shape and mobility, apoptosis, wound healing, and cell polarity. Corresponding enzymes are used by microorganisms to gain entry into the host by degradation of UPs and play a role to cleave peptide bonds for killing disease-causing life forms along for the creation of the precancerous niche (PCN) during carcinogenesis, cancer invasion, and in metastasis. The language used by such proteins as well as their complementary enzymes with its influence on multiple pathways and the cross-linked extracellular matrix is incompletely understood. The role of UPs in the disruption of signaling homeostasis and resulting interference with crosstalk in carcinogenesis appears sufficiently delineated to warrant a much more refined examination of their qualitative and quantitative contribution to the development of cancer and cancer therapy.
... These fibroblasts secrete a collagenous extracellular matrix. 1,2 Keloid raises problems on physical appearance and aesthetics. The various methods to overcome keloid problems include surgery, injection of intralesion steroid, and addition of specific molecules that act as agonists to cell-surface receptor proteins. ...
strong>Background: Keloid is an abnormal wound healing process that extends beyond the site of injury. Keloid and tumor’s shared similarity of recurrence suggesting a shared underlying mechanism that involves stemness. Octamer-binding transcription factor-4 (Oct-4) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) are stem cell stemness markers. This study aimed to analyze Oct-4 and ALDH1 expressions in keloid tissues.
Methods: Samples were obtained from keloid tissue excisions from three keloid patients and post-circumcision preputial skin from three healthy donors (normal control) in accordance with the local ethical committee regulation. Total RNA was isolated using TriPure Isolation kit (Ameritech), and expressions of Oct4 and ALDH1 mRNA in keloid and preputial skin were determined by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using Livak method.
Results: The qRT-PCR analysis revealed the expressions of Oct4 and ALDH1 in keloid and preputial skin tissues. Keloid tissues exhibited lower expression levels of Oct-4 and ALDH1 than the preputial skin. The difference was statistically insignificant.
Conclusion: Keloid tissues express Oct-4 and ALDH1 as stemness markers, and the stemness characteristics of keloid might be similar to a normal skin.
