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neohelicomyces grandisporus (HKAS 92812, holotype). a, b. Colonies on wood. d. Conidiophores with attached conidium. e. Conidiogenous cells with conidiophores. c, f-i. Conidia. i. Germinating conidium. k, l. Colonies on PDA from surface and reverse. Scale bars: d =3 5µ m, c, f, j =2 5µ m, e, g-i =2 0µ m.
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The diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi along a north-south latitudinal gradient are currently being studied in Asia. In this paper, we report on 18 collections of asexual morphs of Tubeufiaceae from submerged wood in rivers, streams and a lake in Yunnan Province, China. Taxa are characterized based on morphological characters and analyses of...
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... to loosely coiled conidia. However, N. grandisporus differs from N. aquaticus in having shorter conidiophores (107-161 vs 240-335.5 μm), polyblastic conidiogenous cells, wider conidia (4.5-5.5 vs 2.5-3.5 μm)a nd conidial filaments coiled1 -1½ vs 2-2½ times. The polyblastic conidiogenous loci appear in awhorl below the upper septum in each cell (Fig. 6, e). The phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1) showed that N. grandisporus separates from other species of Neohelicomyces with strong bootstrap support (97% ML/ 92 MP /1 .00 BYPP,F ig. 1). Fig. 7 Holotype:M FLU 16-2544 Etymology:r eferring to aquatic habitats of this fungus. Saprobic on submerged decaying wood. Sexual morph:U ndetermined. asexual ...
Citations
... Genus Neohelicomyces Z.L. Luo, Bhat & K.D. Hyde (Tubeufiaceae) is a group of helicosporous hyphomycetes which are characterised by coiled and helical conidia (Luo et al. 2017;Lu et al. 2018b;Tibpromma et al. 2018;Crous et al. 2019aCrous et al. , 2019bDong et al. 2020;Hsieh et al. 2021;Lu et al. 2022;Yang et al. 2023). That genus, typified by N. aquaticus, was established by Luo et al. (2017), based on morphological characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of the combined ITS, LSU and tef1α sequence data. ...
... Genus Neohelicomyces Z.L. Luo, Bhat & K.D. Hyde (Tubeufiaceae) is a group of helicosporous hyphomycetes which are characterised by coiled and helical conidia (Luo et al. 2017;Lu et al. 2018b;Tibpromma et al. 2018;Crous et al. 2019aCrous et al. , 2019bDong et al. 2020;Hsieh et al. 2021;Lu et al. 2022;Yang et al. 2023). That genus, typified by N. aquaticus, was established by Luo et al. (2017), based on morphological characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of the combined ITS, LSU and tef1α sequence data. In their study, three new species (including the type species), N. aquaticus, N. grandisporus and N. submersus, were collected from submerged decaying wood substrata in Yunnan Province, China. ...
... To date, Neohelicomyces comprises 13 species, all of which have molecular data (Table 2) and are distributed in Asia (mostly in China), Europe (Germany, Czechia, Italy and Netherlands) and North America (USA). They occur as saprobes on various plant litter in both freshwater and terrestrial habitats (e.g. on Deschampsia cespitosa, Fraxinus excelsior, Melaleuca styphelioides, Miscanthus floridulus, Pandanus sp. and Quercus robur), according to Linder (1929), Goos (1989), , Zhao et al. (2007); Luo et al. (2017), Lu et al. (2018b), Tibpromma et al. (2018), Crous et al. (2019aCrous et al. ( , 2019b, Dong et al. (2020), Hsieh et al. (2021), Lu et al. (2022) and Yang et al. (2023). All of the Neohelicomyces species that have been reported so far only occur in the asexual morph. ...
Neohelicomyces species are a group of helicosporous hyphomycetes with the potential to produce secondary metabolites. During our investigation of helicosporous fungi, six collections were isolated from both terrestrial and freshwater habitats in Guizhou Province, China. Based on multigene phylogenetic analysis (ITS, LSU, tef1α and rpb2), coupled with morphological data, three new Neohelicomyces species, viz. N. guizhouensis, N. helicosporus and N. hydei were established. A list of accepted Neohelicomyces species with molecular data was provided. The strain of Neohelicomyces pallidus (UAMH 10535) was synonymised under N. denticulatus based on molecular data.
... The sexual morph is characterized by ascomata that mostly form in a gregarious mass on a dark subiculum or often covered in mycelium, dark to light colored and globose ascomata, bitunicate, cylindrical asci with fusiform to filamentous, trans-septate and hyaline, pale yellow or brown ascospores. The asexual morphs were mainly reported as helicosporous hyphomycetes, and some are as phragmosporous and chlamydosporous (Boonmee et al. 2011, 2014, Brahamanage et al. 2017, Luo et al. 2017, Phookamsak et al. 2018, Li et al. 2022. The generic delineation of Tubeufiaceae is not well-resolved in morphology, but phylogenetic analysis can provide better resolution for their taxonomic location (Lu et al. 2017b). ...
... Lu et al. (2017a) reported the sexual and asexual morphs of Acanthohelicospora aurea. Subsequently, Luo et al. (2017) reported 18 fresh collections of Tubeufiaceae that were reported in their asexual morphs, including two new genera (Muripulchra and Neohelicomyces) and five new species (Muripulchra aquatica, Neohelicomyces aquaticus, N. grandisporus, N. submerses and T. aquatica). Liu et al. (2018) reported a new genus Helicotubeufia, to accommodate three new taxa, and among them, two species, namely H. guangxiensis and H. jonesii were reported from freshwater in China. ...
Tubeufiaceae species have diverse morphologies and habitats and are distributed in both tropical and temperate regions. In the past decade, several new and interesting Tubeufiaceae species were reported from China in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. In this study, we investigated two saprobic species collected on decaying wood in a terrestrial habitat of Xizang Autonomous Region, China. Through phylogenetic analyses of a combined ITS, LSU, tef1-α, and rpb2 dataset coupled with detailed morphological examinations, a novel species within Neomanoharachariella was identified. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that this new species formed a sister clade to Neomanoharachariella aquatica, but can be morphologically distinguished by its pale brown, septate, and flexuous conidiophores, alongside dark brown setae that turn hyaline at the apex and distinct muriform conidia. In addition, this study presents the first asexual and geographical record of Acanthostigmina (A. multiseptatum) from China. Acanthostigmina multiseptatum is characterized by micronematous, hyaline, and septate conidiophores with unique pleurogenous and helicoid conidia.
... The present study is to establish the species of freshwater fungi along a northto-south longitudinal gradient . Yunnan is one of the hotspots for lignicolous freshwater fungi, where numerous species have been reported (Su et al. 2016;Luo et al. 2017Luo et al. , 2018aLuo et al. , b, 2019Bao et al. 2020;Dong et al. 2020Dong et al. , 2021. In Yunnan, 278 lignicolous freshwater fungi have been identified in both lentic habitats (Cai et al. 2002;Luo et al. 2004) and lotic habitats, including the Nu Jiang/Salween River, Lancang River/Mekong River, Dulong River, and Jinsha River/Yangtze River (Tsui et al. 2000;Luo et al. 2018aLuo et al. , b, 2019Bao et al. 2020Bao et al. , 2021Dong et al. 2020Dong et al. , 2021Shen et al. 2022). ...
The Red River Basin is located in the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot and is rich in lignicolous freshwater fungi, but no systematic research has been conducted. A systematic study on the species diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi in the basin is ongoing. Seven distoseptispora-like specimens were collected from the Red River Basin in Yunnan. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS, LSU, tef 1-α, and rpb 2 genes and combined morphological data indicate that there are six distinct species of Distoseptispora , including two new species and four known species. Two new species were named D. suae and D. xinpingensis , and the four known species were D. bambusae , D. euseptata , D. obpyriformis and D. pachyconidia . This study provides detailed descriptions and illustrations of these six species and an updated phylogenetic backbone tree of Distoseptispora .
... This indicates a substantial number of asexual morph fungi are yet to be discovered. Asexual morphs of fungi dominate wood in various habitats, with many species adapted to living in aquatic environments (Kodsueb et al. 2016;Luo et al. 2017). Yunnan Province is a fungal diversity hotspot in China (Feng and Yang 2018;Li et al. 2018;Hapuarachchi et al. 2019;Wang et al. 2021). ...
... Nevertheless, Liu et al. (2017) treated Bezerromycetaceae and Wiesneriomycetaceae as families under Tubeufiales based on divergence time estimate studies. Moreover, Luo et al. (2017) reassessed the taxonomic circumscription of Tubeufiales based on multigene phylogeny. Lu et al. (2018b) and Wijayawardene et al. (2022) also agreed with Liu et al. (2017) and treated Tubeufiales comprising three families viz., Bezerromycetaceae, Tubeufiaceae and Wiesneriomycetaceae. ...
The monotypic genus Excipulariopsis, with type species E. narsapurensis, was established based on the emended generic characteristics of Excipularia narsapurensis. Excipulariopsis has non-cupulated superficial conidiomata arising directly from stroma surrounded by thick walled dark brown subulate setae. The conidia are dark brown, broadly fusoid, having thick septa and truncate base. Phylogenetic analyses using ITS, LSU, TEF1α and RPB2 sequences positioned Excipulariopsis allied to Speiropsis in the family Wiesneriomycetaceae, as a sister family to Tubeufiaceae within Tubeufiales. This study resolved a long-standing ambiguity about the phylogenetic status of this unique sporodochial setose hyphomycetes from India.
... Helicosporous fungi are filamentous fungi whose conidia curve moves by at least 180 degrees in one plane or three-dimensional space as they grow longer [2,3,[9][10][11][27][28][29][30]. Due to their ability to produce active secondary metabolites with distinct structures, these fungi have attracted scientists' interest and become a popular study area. ...
... Due to their ability to produce active secondary metabolites with distinct structures, these fungi have attracted scientists' interest and become a popular study area. Numerous novel helicosporous taxa have recently been discovered in subtropical to tropical terrestrial and freshwater habitats [9][10][11][12]21,22,[30][31][32]. In addition, a growing number of active secondary metabolites have been isolated from helicosporous fungi [33][34][35][36]. ...
Helicosporous hyphomycetes is a group of filamentous fungi that shows promising application prospects in metabolizing bioactive natural compounds. During a study of helicosporous fungi in China, six new helicosporous taxa were collected and isolated from decaying wood in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Morphological comparisons with multi-gene phylogenetic analyses revealed that these six taxa belong to Helicosporium (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales), and they were recognized as three novel species and were named Helicosporium liuzhouense, H. multidentatum, and H. nanningense. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the newly discovered taxa and comparisons with similar fungi are provided. In addition, a list and a key to accepted Helicosporium species are provided.
... Morphological differences can vary widely, even within the same species of helicosporous hyphomycetes. For instance, two collections (MFLU 16-2544 from decaying wood in China and MFLU 17-1091 from decaying wood in Thailand) have been identified as the same species, namely Tubeufia aquatica [4,50]. However, MFLU 16-2544 has larger conidiophores (109.5-189.5 µm) than those of MFLU 17-1091 (18-40 µm). ...
... However, MFLU 16-2544 has larger conidiophores (109.5-189.5 µm) than those of MFLU 17-1091 (18-40 µm). Additionally, the conidiophores of MFLU 16-2544 are multi-septate, branched, and brown to dark brown, while those of MFLU 17-1091 are 0-1-septate, unbranched, and pale brown [4,50]. Similarly, our two collections of Ps. laxispora (HKAS 125868 and GZAAS 22-2012) showed significant differences in their conidiophores (Figures 3 and 4). ...
Three helicosporous hyphomycete collections representing two species were obtained from rotting wood found in freshwater and terrestrial habitats in the Guizhou and Guangxi Provinces, China. A new genus Pseudotubeufia (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales), comprising Ps. hyalospora sp. nov. and Ps. laxispora sp. nov., was introduced with morphological characteristic and molecular data. In addition, the molecular evidence showed that Helicomyces sp. (G.M. 2020-09-19.1), H. roseus (CBS: 102.76), and the new genus Pseudotubeufia clustered together with high support based on a multi-gene (LSU, ITS, tef1α, and rpb2) phylogenetic analysis. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and notes of the three new collections are provided.
... They are found resistant to dyes. Morphological characters were also measured by taking the material from F1, F2, and F3 and was put under 10X and 100X magnification with the help of the microscope by adopting the procedure of Luo et al. (2017). ...
Fungal strains are widely used for the cleaning of soil, sediments, groundwater, surface water, and the ecosystem. The presence of extracellular enzymes in fungi facilitates the process of bioremediation of textile dyes. This study was conducted to observe the quality of water being released from textile dyes industries and also the capability of some fungal strains which can remediate these dyes by showing the tendency of their resistance. Samples of water were collected from the polluted area surrounding the textile dyeing industries in Lahore. In the process of isolation, Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium was used to verify the fungal growth. Fungal strains were purified, and the morphological characterization of fungal strains was carried out at 10X and 100X by using a magnification microscope. The fungal strains, such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillusoryzae, and Aspergillusflavus were identified. The stress of four types of dyes was given to each fungal strain. The results showed that Aspergillusoryzae was one of the most stable, non-toxic, and resistant fungal species against the high stress of dyes as compared to other species
... Helicosporous fungi are filamentous fungi whose conidia curve through at least 180 degrees in one plane or three-dimensional space as they grow longer [2,3,[9][10][11][27][28][29][30] Due to their ability to produce active secondary metabolites with distinct structures, these fungi have attracted scientists' interest and become a popular study area. Numerous novel helicosporous taxa have recently been discovered in subtropical to tropical terrestrial and freshwater habitats [9][10][11][12]21,22,[30][31][32]. ...
... Helicosporous fungi are filamentous fungi whose conidia curve through at least 180 degrees in one plane or three-dimensional space as they grow longer [2,3,[9][10][11][27][28][29][30] Due to their ability to produce active secondary metabolites with distinct structures, these fungi have attracted scientists' interest and become a popular study area. Numerous novel helicosporous taxa have recently been discovered in subtropical to tropical terrestrial and freshwater habitats [9][10][11][12]21,22,[30][31][32]. In addition, a growing number of active secondary metabolites have been isolated from helicosporous fungi [33][34][35][36]. ...
Helicosporous hyphomycetes is a class of filamentous fungi that shows promising application prospects in metabolizing bioactive natural compounds. During a study of helicosporous fungi in China, six new helicosporous taxa were collected and isolated from decaying wood in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Morphological comparisons with multi-gene phylogenetic analyses revealed that these six taxa belong to Helicosporium (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales), and they can be recognized as three novel species, named Helicosporium liuzhouense, H. multidentatum and H. nanningense. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the newly discovered taxa and comparisons with similar fungi are provided. In addition, a list and a key to accepted Helicosporium species are provided.
... However, given the problems arising from phenotypic plasticity and cultural variation, there has been a need to incorporate the use of DNA sequence data. The latter, especially ribosomal DNA, has been widely used, not only across microalgae but among a wide range of microorganisms [9][10][11][12]. ...
... Based on the morphologies examined, our isolate ISOP15 is identified as Prorocentrum rhathymum as the cells were asymmetrical and oval or ellipsoidal in apical and antapical views ( arising from phenotypic plasticity and cultural variation, there has been a need to incorporate the use of DNA sequence data. The latter, especially ribosomal DNA, has been widely used, not only across microalgae but among a wide range of microorganisms [9][10][11][12]. ...
Microalgae are unicellular organisms and commonly present in the euphotic zone of marine ecosystems. From the western coast of Mauritius, three strains of Prorocentrum species were isolated from macrophytes and cultured under standard laboratory conditions. Morphologies were examined by light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy, and phylogenetic analyses were based on partial large subunit LSU rDNA (D1-D2) and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) regions. Three Prorocentrum species, including the P. fukuyoi complex, P. rhathymum, and P. lima complex, were identified. The antimicrobial activities were assayed against potential human pathogenic bacterial strains. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for intracellular and extracellular protein extracts of Prorocentrum rhathymum against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The polysaccharide extracts of the Prorocentrum fukuyoi complex had a higher zone of inhibition (24 ± 0.4 mm) against MRSA at a minimum concentration of 0.625 μg/mL. The extracts from the three Prorocentrum species had different levels of activity against the pathogens used, and this can be of scientific interest in the search for antibiotics from natural marine sources.
