Table 3
Source publication
Background:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of four types of chronic pain (headache, abdominal pain, neck and shoulder pain (NSP), and low back pain (LBP)) and to explore the relationship between the prevalence of chronic pain and self-reported academic pressure in high school students in Shanghai, China.
Method:
Thre...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... study showed that 68.1 % of the ordinary high school students in Shanghai wore glasses for daily activ- ities (Table 3). In addition, the survey showed that aca- demic pressure led to changes in living habits: 52.0 % of the students fell asleep after 11:00 pm; 65.0 % of the stu- dents were sleep-deprived; and 54.5 % of the students had poor-quality sleep and frequently suffered from in- somnia and excessive dreaming. ...
Citations
... Spinal pain is anticipated to worsen the public health burden with population aging (15). The prevalence of LBP does not have a specific population pattern; it shows in different occupations (16,17) and has even become one of the health concerns of adolescents (18). It is important to improve knowledge of LBP disorders. ...
Introduction
Low back pain (LBP) knowledge questionnaire (LKQ) was developed by a Brazilian research group in 2009. It has been cross-culturally adapted to many languages with good reliability and validity. This work aimed to translate and validate the LKQ into a simplified Chinese version and to evaluate the self-efficacy in LBP among Chinese participants from China and Hungary.
Methods
A total of 431 people participated in this research, which lasted from September 2021 to June 2022 and was conducted on the Credamo online platform. The simplified Chinese LKQ (sC-LKQ) was generated through translation and cross-cultural adaptation guidelines. The participants were selected to fill out demographic questions, the sC-LKQ, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). The reliability and validity of the data were evaluated using SPSS 28.0.
Results
The sC-LKQ showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha was 0.79), and the intraclass correlation value was 0.85. There were five components in the questionnaire with good construct validity. The scores of RMDQ had negatively correlated with sC-LKQ.
Conclusion
In the Chinese population, the sC-LKQ demonstrated excellent psychometric qualities and could be used to evaluate self-efficacy in clinical practice and research.
... This phrase refers to the excessive intervention and forced training of middle-class parents to help their children to achieve good grades and gain academic advantages (Mi, 2021). However, an increasing number of parents came to find that the heavy study burden and fierce competition are leading to academic burnout and other mental and physical problems among their children, such as chronic Accepted version 30 pain, depression, and even suicide (Zhang et al., 2015;Zhang et al., 2023;Wang & Fan, 2023). At the same time, the spread of psychological discourse on childrearing among middle-class parents also emphasises the importance of critical thinking and creativity in the future labour market, which have been neglected in mainstream education (Woronov, 2008;Wu, 2019). ...
... General stress, work stress, physical effort at work, and particularly a painful or tiring posture at work were found to be clear and strong risk factors for MSDs, whereas only general and work-related stress were found to be significantly associated with SDs [3]. Also, academic pressure in students who experience a heavy learning burden and high level of stress is closely related to chronic shoulder pain, which results in sleep disturbances [72]. ...
... According to our results, psychological factors were associated with shoulder pain at night [1][2][3][72][73][74]. This topic may seem difficult for an orthopedic surgeon or a physiotherapist to cope with as it is not in the field of these specialties. ...
Introduction. Shoulder pain is a common symptom of multiple pathologies, which may impair sleep quality. Aim. To analyze the most common reasons for shoulder pain, which decreases sleep quality. Materials and methods. From September to December 2022, two independent researchers searched the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar according to PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Terms: “shoulder pain”; “sleep deprivation”; “sleep initiation maintenance disorders” and “sleep quality” were used. All English-language articles pertaining to the topic were included, regardless of the year of publication. Non-peer-reviewed publications and reviews were excluded from the search. Results. The initial search identified 1561 articles. After removing duplicates, 401 articles were screened by the title and abstract. 1124 articles were excluded because they did not fulfill the inclusion criteria. In the end, 78 articles were included in the review. Each of the included articles was sorted into one of the following groups: injuries and pathologies (34 articles), postoperative pain (16 articles), head and neck related pain (11 articles), rare conditions and diseases (7 articles), psychological factors (6 articles), or neoplasms (4 articles). Conclusions. Shoulder pain may have a highly diverse etiology. Proper diagnosis of its origin and problemspecific therapy may effectively increase sleep quality.
... According to the present study findings, pain was more common in girls as they became older. In addition, the prevalence of chronic pain was higher in girls than in boys in both the 12-15 and 16-21 age groups, which was in line with the findings of other studies conducted on the issue [31][32][33]. This can be supported by the fact that girls are more likely to experience teenage pains like menstrual cramps, which can be severe and long-lasting. ...
... Additionally, some factors such as sitting time, sitting straight, and using assisting devices during reading in school, assessed in previous studies [50], were not taken into account in the present study. Moreover, some studies have shown that chronic pain could affect the academic achievement of children and adolescents [33]. Since this relationship was not investigated in the present study, it is suggested that it should be evaluated in cohort studies in order to identify the effective factors and apply appropriate interventions. ...
Background:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic pain and its contributing factors among teenagers aged 12-21 years in Shiraz, Iran.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents aged 12-21 years. Demographic variables of the adolescents and their parents as well as the pain characteristics were assessed. Descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regression, and regression models were used to describe the characteristics of the pain and its predictive factors.
Results:
The prevalence of chronic pain was 23.7%. The results revealed no significant difference between the male and female participants regarding the pain characteristics, except for the home medications used for pain relief. The results of a chi-square test showed that the mother's pain, education, and occupation, and the father's education were associated significantly with chronic pain in adolescents (P < 0.05). Multinomial logistic regression also showed the mother's history of pain played a significant role in the incidence of adolescents' chronic pain.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of chronic pain was relatively high in these adolescents. The results also provided basic and essential information about the contributing factors in this area. However, consideration of factors such as anxiety, depression, school problems, sleep, and physical activity are suggested in future longitudinal studies.
... Chinese students face heavy academic pressures due to intense competition [45]. A survey showed that more than half of students have to spend more than 2 h on homework after school [46]. These high demands of school work may lead to their fewer physical activities. ...
PurposeRegular physical activity (PA) is essential for childhood cancer survivors (CCS), yet most CCS have difficulty participating in it. The level of PA participation among CCS in China is lower than those of western countries, leading to a worse long-term survival of CCS in China. Here, the study aims to explore the associated factors on the PA performance among CCS.Methods
From September to December 2020, the study used purposive sampling to recruit 35 families (88.9%) as sampling units among two hospitals in Hangzhou City, China. The data collection conducted two designs on semi-structured interviews with different roles under family structure — children (n = 35) and parents (n = 35) — respectively. The design of predetermined questions relied on the health belief model (HBM) as a thematic framework. The qualitative analysis applied codebook thematic analysis and used the deductive approach to finalize the main findings.ResultsThe study only presented preliminary conclusions from interviews with CCS, which resulted in four themes (changes in PA performance; perceptions on participating PA; cognitions of PA; impacts from others) with eight sub-themes. In particular, CCS replied diversity changes in PA, but most of them mentioned the inactive PA after diagnosis, especially the decline of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). As for the “perceptions of PA,” almost all CCS had substantial perceived benefits about PA, specifically on their physical well-being. All children also expressed perceived barriers to PA, including the side effects of disease and treatment, fatigue, academic burden, changes in psychological status, and lack of companions. On the cognitions of PA, the CCS had limited realizations of regular PA and low self-efficacy on MVPA. Furthermore, CCS expressed their need for support from their parents, school teachers, and healthcare providers. But in reality, they recieved less support on PA from these important people.Conclusion
The changes in PA after illness among CCS are apparent and unavoidable because of the interaction impacts from internal factors (e.g., personal characters, cognization, perceptions of PA) and external factors (e.g., disease effects, interpersonal supports). The findings explained the main elements under HBM but also provided explored views as the evidence on developing theories and guiding motivations and practices on PA among CCS.Implications for cancer survivorsIn this exploratory study of 35 CCS, we identified the current situation of PA among CCS in China and explored the associated factors. As the first qualitative study on the CCS in mainland China, the study considered particular effects on social culture and living environment.
... This study is a regionally representative survey, conducted in Shanghai, China, investigating the prevalence of NSP and the impact of digital devices on NSP among college students in different majors. The results showed a high prevalence of NSP among college students (39.1%) in Shanghai, which is slightly higher than the ndings of a study conducted in 2005 by Derek Smith[16] about Chinese medical students (for whom the prevalence of neck and shoulder pain was 33.8% and 21.7%, respectively), and also higher than we found in our previous research on Chinese adolescents aged 14-17 years (for whom the prevalence of NSP was 32.8%) [17]. Compared with similar studies in both Asian and non-Asian countries [5,7,18], the prevalence of NSP in the 18-24 year-old age group is 20-40%. ...
... However, our investigation was based on a large random sample (6,000) to reduce bias and ensure it was representative. Fourth, the questionnaire was designed based on the relevant literature [17]. While the questions were modi ed to re ect the characteristics of Chinese college students, which had been used without a complete validation through a publication in a peer review journal. ...
Background: Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is frequent complaint among college students, especially neck and shoulder pain (NSP). No study so far has demonstrated a correlation between the use of digital devices and the prevalence of NSP among college students in China. Therefore, a cross-sectional survey investigating this relationship among college students in Shanghai was urgently needed.
Objective: The relationship between digital device usage, lifestyle, and the prevalence of self-reported NSP among college students in Shanghai, and neck muscle activity of different degrees of spinal curvature was investigated to provide suggestions for healthy spinal curvature lifestyle education.
Methods: 6000 students were randomly enrolled, and a self-reported questionnaire was conducted to assess the prevalence and severity of NSP. The students’ demographic characteristics, habits of using digital devices, and lifestyles were recorded. c² tests were used to compare the prevalence of NSP; univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for NSP. A musculoskeletal model of the standard human body was established with the AnyBody platform to test the neck muscle activity of different degrees of spinal curvature.
Results: Among the 4848 college students (80.8%) who completed the survey, the prevalence of NSP was 39.1%, with more girls (45.0%) reporting NSP than boys (32.4%). The logistic regression indicated that gender, inappropriate posture and using digital devices for long time had a significant correlation with NSP. Neck muscle activity increased as spinal inclination increased based on the AnyBody platform.
Conclusion: NSP seems to be a common condition among college students in Shanghai. Gender, inappropriate posture and using digital devices for long time are closely associated with NSP. The greater the anterior cervical and lumbar flexion, the higher the activity of cervical muscles. Healthy lifestyle education should be used to decrease the NSP among college students.
... Nearly, half (49.75%) of the students in the present survey et al. [3] in their neck pain and backache ranging from 24 to 49%. [23][24][25] Incorrect emphasizing the need for maintaining the appropriate and nonslouching posture during online classes. ...
Purpose: To deliver educational curriculum to students, online learning has emerged as a new modality of teaching during COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to document the ocular, ergonomical, and mental health issues among undergraduate medical students due to online teaching programs. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study undertook an e-survey for undergraduate medical students. An online survey link was mailed to students. A follow-up survey with same questions was mailed 6 months later to same set of students and responses were compared. Results: 212/385(55.06%) students responded to follow-up survey. The mean age of the study population was 21.42 ± 1.69 years. About 34.8% students spent more than 4 h/day on online classes in primary survey in comparison to 52.3% students in the follow-up survey. as compared to primary survey (78.77% vs. 52.2%). Nearly, two-third of participants in both surveys had increase in body weight due to prolonged sitting. About 79% of participants in both surveys had disturbed sleep patterns, and around 72% experienced depression and loneliness. Conclusion: Regular and prolonged usage of e-learning platforms can have a deleterious frequent blinking, correct posture, and healthy interaction with peers can mitigate these symptoms.
... 14,15 Several studies looked at the triggers and associations of headaches and a few recurrent themes were found to include screen exposure time, economic strains, living with a single parent, disabilities, sleep disturbances, physical inactivity, eating irregularly, smoking, caffeine use, anxiety and depression. [14][15][16][17][18] Daily restrictions of different activities and quality of life were reported to be reduced in 42% of young people with headaches. [10][11][12][13][14] The frequency of headaches correlate also with older age and female gender especially after puberty in a ratio of 1.5:1. ...
... Yet Tonini et al found 45% of teenagers have migraine while 27% have TTH between age 17 and 20 years. 23,24 Norwegian adolescents aged 12-18 years reported an overall headache prevalence of 88%, migraine was 23%, probable migraine 13% and TTH 58%, In 2017, a Jordanian study of [16][17][18] year old subjects reported a headache frequency of 66%, among those 19.0% were classified as TTH, 8.8% as migraine, and 39% undifferentiated headaches. ...
Background
Headache is a common symptom affecting children and adolescents. The medical literature over the last three decades reveals a variable prevalence and triggers in different countries, regions, circumstances and times. This study aims to assess the prevalence, frequency and quality of headaches in the Lebanese adolescent population under the COVID-19 confinement and study its triggers and relationship to screen time, self-reported anxiety, and sleep.
Methods
A cross sectional design was used to collect two survey results by snowball distribution using social media targeting adolescents aged 15 to 17 years of age. The first survey included 13 questions with a single best answer about screen time, feeling anxious, sleep time, schedule and consistency, and headaches. The second survey included 3 questions about the quality of the headaches, anxiety and its triggers.
Results
Among 433 responders to the first survey, the prevalence of headaches, especially pressure points and band-like pressure was higher than any previously reported among adolescents in the literature, reaching 93.4%. Screen time was also higher than any previous reports with 95.6% spending 9 hours or more on screen while 64% of adolescents spending at least 12 hours a day on screen. In addition, the majority (82%) don't have consistent sleep habits and 41.8% consider themselves anxious. School was considered the main source of stress by 82.8% of the responders. The frequency of headache correlated significantly with increased screen time, self-reported anxiety and inconsistent sleep habits.
Conclusions
Headaches among adolescents are associated with increased screen use, sleep disorders, and self-reported anxiety. It is one of the primary somatization symptoms in this group expressing their extreme stress under the current economic, political, and health crisis. The present trends are likely to have major long term implications on adolescents’ health and academic achievements and should alarm educators and health officials to intervene in this situation.
... Overall, the quality of evidence was rated as very low due to serious risk of bias and serious risk of imprecision. [99,[105][106][107]110]. Overall, the quality of evidence was rated as very low due to serious risk of bias. ...
... 108]; 2: favourable and null and unfavourable findings [1: dose response-generally favourable associations at 1-2 h of studying, unfavourable at > 3 h and 2-3 h[109]; 1: dose response-favourable associations at 6-8 and 8-10 h, but null for > 10 h and 4-6 h (compared to < 4 h), and unfavourable for extra learning tasks after class[110]] ...
Background
The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in children and youth (~ 5–18 years) attending school.
Methods
This review was conducted to inform the development of School-Related Sedentary Behaviour Recommendations. Peer-reviewed, published, or in-press articles in English were included. Reviews, meta-analyses, and case studies were excluded; all other study designs were eligible. Further, articles had to meet the a priori study criteria for population, intervention, comparator (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021227600). Embase, MEDLINE® ALL, and PsycINFO were searched. Risk of bias was assessed for individual experimental studies using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and in observational studies based on the GRADE framework and in line with previous systematic reviews examining sedentary behaviours in children. Overall quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework for each outcome category and study design. Results were synthesized narratively, grouped by study design and outcome category. Further, several high-level summaries were conducted to help interpret results.
Results
Evidence was synthesized from 116 reports, including 1,385,038 participants and 1173 extracted associations. More school-related sedentary behaviour was favourably associated with nearly one-third of extracted associations for cognitive (33%) and social-emotional (32%) indicators (e.g., less anxiety), but unfavourably associated with other movement behaviours (e.g., less physical activity) (35%). Active lessons were favourable (72%), compared to more school-related sedentary behaviours, when examining associations for all health and well-being indicators. More homework was favourable across all health and well-being indicators in 4% of extracted associations for primary school children, and 25% of extracted associations for secondary school children. However, ≥2 h/day of homework appeared to be unfavourable for health and well-being. Limitations for synthesized studies included generally low quality of evidence and a lack of studies in South American, African, or low-middle income countries.
Conclusions
Findings can help inform policy makers, schools, and teachers, regarding the amount of homework assigned and the introduction of active lessons into the classroom to enhance health and well-being of children. More research is needed examining school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries.
... In China, nsLBP has become one of the leading causes of disability-adjusted life-years in 2010 [6]. The prevalence of nsLBP was reported as 41% in Chinese adolescents [7]. Management of nsLBP is challenged by the problems that most back pain has no recognizable cause (> 85%), an underlying systemic disease is rare, and most episodes of back pain are unpreventable [2,5,8]. ...
Background
To investigate whether respectively radial extracoporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) or a combination of rESWT, celecoxib and eperisone (rESWT + C + E) are superior in reducing pain in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (cnsLBP) compared to C + E alone (a standard treatment of this condition in China).
Methods
140 patients with cnsLBP were randomly allocated to rESWT (n = 47), rESWT + C + E (n = 45) or C + E alone (n = 48) for four weeks between November 2017 and March 2019. Outcome was evaluated using the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire 9, collected at baseline as well as one week (W1), W2, W3, W4 and W12 after baseline.
Results
All scores showed a statistically significant improvement over time. The PSEQ and NRS scores showed a significant Time × Treatment effect. Patients treated with rESWT had significantly lower mean NRS values than patients treated with rESWT + C + E at W1 and W3, as well as than patients treated with C + E alone at W3 and W4. No severe adverse events were observed.
Conclusions
rESWT may not be inferior to respectively rESWT + C + E or C + E alone in reducing pain in patients with cnsLBP. Level of Evidence: Level I, prospective, randomized, active-controlled trial.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT03337607. Registered November 09, 2017, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03337607.
Level of evidence
Level I; prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
