table 2 - uploaded by Ju Hyung Kim
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Due to the improvement of high technology and the excessive congestion of cities, the number of high rise buildings has been increasing gradually. Also the number of studies about this issue has been rising relatively. However the previous research on super high rise buildings focused mostly on the use of public space from building plan perspective...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... on this, he ana- lyzed the correlation between the landmark and each variable through various surveys. Kim et al. (2002) classified the landmark recognition factors into history & culture, size, visual form, location, and uniqueness paramet- ric factors based on a survey and defined the details. the landmarks in city center are clas- sified into four types as shown in Table 2 ac- cording to those five factors. A great majority of super high rise buildings in city center belong to type 2 or type 4 as show in table 2. this means that size and visual form parametric fac- tors are most influential factors. ...
Citations
... Due to the improvement of construction technology, growing population and congestion of cities, the number of high-rise high-density developments has been steadily increasing across the world [3]. This is due to the idea that high-density compact urban form and mixed development are a more sustainable housing solution than urban sprawl [4]. ...
... The suburbs sought were required to present high-density local characteristics whilst still remaining a mostly residential area. The parameter requiring 30m permissible height for at least one lot was provided by the literature [3], which states that high-rise buildings in Europe are typically those with 12 floors or more in the context of high-density [3]. As Australia is a Western nation with a largely European inspired town centre topography [3], this figure was appropriated to Sydney in which each floor is typically 3-m tall. ...
... The suburbs sought were required to present high-density local characteristics whilst still remaining a mostly residential area. The parameter requiring 30m permissible height for at least one lot was provided by the literature [3], which states that high-rise buildings in Europe are typically those with 12 floors or more in the context of high-density [3]. As Australia is a Western nation with a largely European inspired town centre topography [3], this figure was appropriated to Sydney in which each floor is typically 3-m tall. ...
This paper investigates the impact of high-density development on low-density residential property values in Sydney, New South Wales (NSW). To do so, it conducts a literature review to ascertain the existing knowledge surrounding the study of property valuation and its economic and societal implications. Limitations within academia were identified and addressed as the objectives of this research. Subsequently, the key objective of this research is to “study the sociological factors dictating the attractiveness of low-density (LD) properties within proximity to high-density (HD) local characteristics.” In addressing this objective, research questions explore the interactions of an area’s local characteristics, its residents’ property types and the perceptions surrounding these interactions. This research studies property value through the lens of market perceptions, as the price of land is a basic indicator of the attractiveness, economic value and amenities accessible to a specific site. Through this seminal understanding, the research methodology was formed in which a questionnaire was completed by Sydney residents, providing data for analysis and discussion. The primary research question determines that “low-density residents perceive high-density local characteristics to be attractive”. Through this determination and its associated discussion, this study proposes that ‘if high-density local characteristics are able to be utilised by low-density properties, low-density residents will consider these properties to be more valuable’.
... The sense of belonging to a city is considered to be about the fact that sign elements have a value representing the local identity (Moon et al. 2010) and are recognized by everyone (Appleyard 1969, Beattie 1990. At this point, landmarks have an important role in defining the settlement, forming a reference and enabling people to remember that settlement later (Madran 2001). ...
... According to the obtained results, the reason for this is the lack of maintenance of the fountains, incompatibility with the location, material preference, and their not reflecting the local and cultural character. This result; As Appleyard (1969), Beattie (1990) and Moon et al. (2010) stated in their work, the sense of belonging in the city; It is compatible with the expressions that the city equipments are related with the value reflecting the regional identity and recognition by everyone. Likewise, Bulut and Atabeyoğlu (2007) stated that urban furniture are equipment elements that vary depending on the cultural characteristics of the country and cities. ...
In this study, the effects of urban furnitures in the city center of Rize on the users (tourists, local people, periodical users) were investigated considering the site selection, size, density, layout, visual characteristics, aesthetic value and spatial relationships. Also, the sustainability of the urban furniture and their potential to be a landmark were evaluated in the context of Rize city identity. While 63% of the users emphasized the dimension and originality of the statue of tea pot placed in front of the municipality building and stated that it is appropriate for the place where it is located and it has an effect on people's habits, the statue of Atatürk which is located in front of the governor's building and one of the objects regarded as a Landmark stands out with a rate of 70%. In addition, the statue of Atatürk was preferred by the users with the highest rate in the study area according to all evaluation criteria as its location, semantic feature and structural feature. Özet Bu çalışmada, Rize şehir merkezindeki kent donatılarının yer seçimi, büyüklüğü, yoğunluğu, düzeni, görsel özellikleri, estetik değeri ve mekansal ilişkileri dikkate alınarak kullanıcılar (turistler, yöre halkı, periyodik kullanıcılar) üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, kent donatılarının sürdürülebilirliği ve landmark olabilme potansiyeli Rize kent kimliği bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Kullanıcıların %63'ü belediye binasının önüne bulunan çaydanlık heykelinin boyut, özgünlük, bulunduğu mekana uygunluk gibi kriterler açısından insanların alışkanlıkları üzerine etkili olduğu görüşünü bildirirken, kullanıcıların %70'i Valilik binası önündeki Atatürk heykelinin landmark niteliği taşıdığını düşünmektedir. Ayrıca Atatürk Heykeli'nin yeri, anlamsal özelliği ve yapısal özelliğiyle en yüksek oranla kullanıcılar tarafından tercih edilmiştir.
... In addition, a few studies used visibility of landmark analysis. For example,Moon (2010) identified landmark factors that affect the price of super high-rise residential buildings.A viewshed is an area that is visible from a specific location. A number of different usages of viewshed analysis has been found in the literature. ...
Property valuation is a process of estimating value of an immovable property. The legal, geometric, physical and environmental characteristics of the immovable property together with the economic indicators are taken into consideration during this process. Traditional cadastral systems only provide two-dimensional (2D) legal and geometric information about property units. However, today's complex valuation practices (e.g. computer aided mass appraisal) would benefit significantly from three dimensional (3D) information on not only property units but also their physical counterparts (e.g. buildings, building parts). Moreover, 2D and 3D environmental information is needed for determining environmental conditions about immovable properties to better estimate the values of them. A collaborative research initiative has proposed an international valuation information model that extends the LADM for specifying semantics of valuation registries maintained by public authorities. The current version of the LADM Valuation Information Model, however, does not include detailed specification for the environmental characteristics of immovable properties (e.g. presence of views, level of visibility and distance to amenities) which can be derived with 2D and 3D geospatial analyses by means of various data sources. The purpose of this paper is to examine which geospatial analyses, especially 3D analyses, can be used to provide information about immovable properties including environmental and locational characteristics for property valuation activities. Furthermore, it is investigated that how property valuation can benefit from data sources including semantically rich 3D building, city and cadastral models for deriving environmental and locational characteristics of property units. To achieve these objectives, the data sources and geospatial analyses are initially investigated in the context of property valuation. Then, the paper focuses more on viewshed analysis. By using open topography, building and height datasets of the Netherlands and 3D GIS analysis, a viewshed analysis is presented to show how it can be utilized using different data sources for better understanding and explanation of values of the properties. The paper is concluded with a discussion to what extent it is possible and meaningful to include (derived) environmental characteristics of properties in the LADM Valuation Information Model.
... The analysis shows that all variance inflation factors (VIFs) are less than 10. Thus, it is considered that no multicollinearity exists [10]. Through the coefficients, the amount of influences of each variable on productivity is able to be identified. ...
... Similarly, poorlymaintained houses reduce prices of neighbouring houses. Moon et al. (2010) analyses how to to set an appropriate price of skyscrapes in consideration of its landmark value in different area. ...
The urban development covers the consensus of a wide range of activities and is aimed at equivalent coordination of the impact of economic, social and environmental factors on planning. Due to different attitudes and interests planners and scientists find it rather complicated to come to a common and widely acceptable attitude towards urban development patterns through harmonization of forms and development principles. The paper includes the theoretical attitudes, related to future insights, into the urban development conceptions. Moreover, assessing the impact of the economic paradigms on urban visions, the paper analyses the influence of development concepts on the qualities of development forms as well as on the creation of future urban alternative visions, compatibility with the principles of sustainable development and proper quality of life. The price of real estate is addressed as one of the key social indicators and the ones that reflect the quality of life. The theoretical provisions, with the help of expert evaluation, are verified taking the districts of Vilnius as an example and considering qualities and forms, population, jobs, area, noise level and pollution of individual districts on the basis of different components. Conceptual modelling principles are applied to determine critical values of the indicators that characterize the sustainable development. Based on them, a system is created that helps to define features of individual urban districts,potential development alternatives and achievable allowed marginal values of the quality of life.
Santrauka
Subalansuota miestų plėtra apima įvairių veiklos sričių konsensusą, siekiant lygiavertiškaiderinti ekonominių, socialinių, ekologinių veiksnių įtaką planavimui. Dėl skirtingų požiūrių ir interesų planuotojams bei mokslininkams nelengva rasti bendrą, visiems priimtiną požiūrį į miestų plėtros šablonus, derinant formas ir plėtros principus. Straipsnyje analizuojama plėtros konceptų įtaka plėtros formų savybėms, ateities miesto alternatyvių vizijų kūrimui, atitikčiai darnios plėtros principams ir tinkamai gyvenimo kokybei. Kaip vienas pagrindinių socialinių ir gyvenimo kokybę atspindinčių rodiklių nagrinėjama nekilnojamojo turto kaina. Teorinės nuostatos, pasitelkiant ekspertinį vertinimą, tikrinamos Vilniaus miesto rajonų pavyzdžiu (Lietuvos Respublikos sostinė – 560 tūkst.gyv.), atsižvelgiant į atskirų 40 transportinių rajonų savybes ir formas, gyventojų,darbo vietų skaičių, teritorijos plotą, triukšmo lygį, užterštumą pagal skirtingus komponentus. Darnią plėtrą charakterizuojančių rodiklių kritinėms reikšmėms nustatytitaikomi konceptualaus modeliavimo principai. Jais remiantis sudaroma sistema, padedanti nustatyti atskirų miesto rajonų plėtros savybes, galimas vystymosi alternatyvas, pasiekiamas leistinas ribines gyvenimo kokybės reikšmes.
Promoting city’s image through high rise building is an art which helps the city to reach a higher status in the global economy. So many countries encourage preparation of comprehensive plans to establish high-rise investment projects to prove its economic power and prestige globally. This paper made an attempt to understand the development of high-rise building across the Indian cities. Their height, functions and regulatory measures for high-rise buildings are also analyzed. It is evident from the analysis that all the class one cities are not experiencing higher growth rather very few Indian cities have higher vertical growth compare to the other. Over the last 30 years periods the average height of the building has increased across all the selected cities. Mumbai’s experience shows that changing regulatory measures are significant for accelerate the higher vertical growth. There is a major shift from commercial space development to residential space development.
Key words: High rise building, Vertical Growth, Residential Space, Commercial space
Purpose
Based on a hedonic regression approach, the purpose of this paper is to relativize existing green pay off evidence by incorporating Super Trophy as a so far underrepresented determinant. The authors analyze a private panel database of 160 European office properties and confirm a significant green pay off; the positive impact of excellent environmental certification results on market values and net rents is significantly reduced when considering Super Trophy characteristics.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on a panel database of 160 European office properties, the survey applies a hedonic regression approach including an extensive set of control factors as, for example, location criteria, general property characteristics, climate adjustments, consumption data, refurbishment activities, green leases, sustainable certification and energy performance certificate figures.
Findings
Even though our database still confirms a significant green pay off, the positive impact of excellent environmental certification results on market values and net rents is significantly reduced when controlling for Super Trophy characteristics.
Practical implications
Especially, the question how sustainability can be integrated into real estate appraisal is of major interest. The paper at hand may help in two aspects: on the one hand, it provides further insight with regard to the quantitative impact of Super Trophy Buildings on rents and market values. On the other hand, a higher transparency in appraisals may result in structural specifications that help to consolidate appraisals and empirical evidence on a “green pay off.”
Originality/value
The study investigates a niche segment – landmark properties. The empirical analysis explicitly controls for potential Super Trophy status. It draws attention to the importance of a reasonable and complete set of control variables to increase statistical validity of future studies in that field.
Purpose
The paper aims to analyse the performance and risk of landmark building in the housing sector and to evaluate their usefulness for a diversification strategy.
Design/methodology/approach
After comparing summary statistics on the performance of landmark building with respect to other types of housing investments, the paper evaluate their usefulness for a diversification strategy. The role of landmark buildings is studied using the modern portfolio theory and evaluating the role of this type of asset in the optimal asset allocation. The analysis is performed considering both the risk / return trade-off in a one year and a multiple-years time horizon.
Findings
The results show that a landmark building can be a good investment opportunity, especially for high-risk/return investors. A not perfect correlation of the returns of this asset class with other types of housing investments implies the existence of a minimum investment in this asset class for almost all portfolios on the efficient frontier. Results are robust with respect to the length of the investment time horizon.
Originality/value
The paper presents a unique analysis of intra-housing market diversification opportunities focusing on the role of landmark building in the portfolio construction. Empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that real estate investors can take advantage of investing in landmark buildings in the residential sector as well, because there are no reasons to limit such investments to trophy buildings in the office and commercial sectors.
