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Although according to Masten (2014), resilience relates to “the capacity of a dynamic system [the individual] to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten system function, viability, or development”, a common statement in the literature is that there are still today numerous ways of defining and conceiving resilience. This multiplicity of ap...
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... might then remain similar (see Tables 2A and 2B in the Supplementary Materials), such as antecedents being divided into "internal supportive features" and "environmental (external) supportive features, " whereas sub-groups of mechanisms being "coping, " "mentalization/coherence" processes and "empowerment, " to end up with consequences. Yet, Figure 4 below is an illustration of how features of resilience in a transactional and constructivist approach might be processed; they are not listed and clustered separately, they interact and merge together. The features agency here is not about a vertical sequence where an antecedent influences another, but on the contrary it is more about a circular alchemy where antecedents and mechanisms modulate one's perception, sensitivity, and ultimately pervade his or her adaptative functioning. ...
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... One of the most widely used concepts during this crisis is "resilience". Adapting to issues of health and well-being [15], identity reconstruction [16] or economics [17], resilience has explored many behavioral dimensions [18], but essentially adopting a psychological framework [19]. Used in many disciplines to refer to change, disturbance or adaptation, resilience could be understood as "the ability of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten the function, viability or development of the system" [20]. ...
Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine how adolescents' physical activity (PA) changed during the COVID-19 crisis according to level of intensity and whether there are typologies of resilience based on individual and environmental characteristics. Methods: A longitudinal follow-up study of PA in a representative sample of French adolescents (n=808, 16.32±1.01 years old) was carried out. Two online surveys collecting reported data on amounts of PA were completed the week before and during the first week of the lockdown. Data related to individual and environmental characteristics were collected. A principal component method with qualitative and quantitative data (FAMD) for cluster analysis was performed to identify adolescent's profiles according to their individual, interpersonal and environmental determinants. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and a Bonferroni Post-Hoc test were performed to detect any significant effects of adolescents' clusters on time and each intensity level of PA. Results: Three clusters were identified and characterized by a multifactorial process: active, studious and rural adolescents (37%) reported a significant increase in their MVPA (+707 Mets·week-1 , p<0.05), inactive, underachieving and rural adolescents (32%) reported a stability in their MVPA (0 Mets·week-1 , NS) and urban adolescents (31%) reported a significant decrease of MVPA (-237 Mets·week-1 , p<0.05). Conclusion: This study investigated the multifactorial and temporal complexity of PA resilience according to a socio-ecological anchoring, suggesting that factors of resilience in PA are linked to availability of rural and green environments (environmental determinants), good pedagogical follow up (interpersonal determinant) and high initial involvement in PA (individual determinant).
... One of the most widely used concepts during this crisis is "resilience". Adapting to issues of health and well-being [15], identity reconstruction [16] or economics [17], resilience has explored many behavioral dimensions [18], but essentially adopting a psychological framework [19]. Used in many disciplines to refer to change, disturbance or adaptation, resilience could be understood as "the ability of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten the function, viability or development of the system" [20]. ...
Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine how adolescents' physical activity (PA) changed during the COVID-19 crisis according to level of intensity and whether there are typologies of resilience based on individual and environmental characteristics. Methods: A longitudinal follow-up study of PA in a representative sample of French adolescents (n=808, 16.32±1.01 years old) was carried out. Two online surveys collecting reported data on amounts of PA were completed the week before and during the first week of the lockdown. Data related to individual and environmental characteristics were collected. A principal component method with qualitative and quantitative data (FAMD) for cluster analysis was performed to identify adolescent’s profiles according to their individual, interpersonal and environmental determinants. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA and a Bonferroni Post-Hoc test were performed to detect any significant effects of adolescents’ clusters on time and each intensity level of PA. Results: Three clusters were identified and characterized by a multifactorial process: active, studious and rural adolescents (37%) reported a significant increase in their MVPA (+707 Mets·week-1, p<0.05), inactive, underachieving and rural adolescents (32%) reported a stability in their MVPA (0 Mets·week-1, NS) and urban adolescents (31%) reported a significant decrease of MVPA (-237 Mets·week-1, p<0.05). Conclusion: This study investigated the multifactorial and temporal complexity of PA resilience according to a socio-ecological anchoring, suggesting that factors of resilience in PA are linked to availability of rural and green environments (environmental determinants), good pedagogical follow up (interpersonal determinant) and high initial involvement in PA (individual determinant).
Au Sénégal, nous constatons une augmentation des actes de délinquance violente et de la consommation de drogues illicites. L’étude se focalise sur deux groupes distincts : les consommateurs de drogues (CDs) en cure et les anciens délinquants violents (DVs). La méthodologie adoptée comprend une étude quantitative auprès de la population générale (n=1009), suivie d’une enquête qualitative auprès de 15 participants, dont 8 CDs en traitement au Centre de Prise en charge Intégrée des Addictions de Dakar (CEPIAD) et au Centre Jacques Chirac de Thiaroye, ainsi que 7 anciens DVs du quartier de Grand Yoff. Ce quartier, connu pour sa violence, est juxtaposé à HLM Grand Yoff, un quartier résidentiel également touché par ces manifestations violentes. L’objectif de l’étude est d’établir le lien entre consommation de drogues et violence en analysant les récits de vie de jeunes adultes sevrés de cette consommation et de la délinquance, puis d’identifier les facteurs de résilience. L’enquête a révélé que la violence chez les jeunes n’est pas systématiquement liée à la consommation de drogue ; elle en constitue plutôt un facteur encourageant. Les liens entre drogue et violence dépendent des prédispositions individuelles, du type de drogues utilisées et de la dépendance. La résilience résulte d’une interconnexion de facteurs individuels, socioculturels et environnementaux, se manifestant comme un processus avec des succès, des échecs et parfois des rechutes.
Vectors for the study of human resiliency can be found in concepts of the life path, in models of the life world, in works devoted to the study of a person’s resistance to stress, his personal and meaningful life potentials, existential and personal crises. The paper traces evolution of resiliency concept and considers phenomenon of resiliency during war conflicts based on the example of current war in Ukraine.
Concerns regarding college students’ mental health are growing worldwide. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. However, resilience buffers their negative impact on mental health. This study assessed the prevalence and association of anxiety, depression, resilience, with the types of ACEs in psychology students. A cross-sectional design was employed with a sample of 337 Mexican psychology students. Of the students, 70% had four or more ACEs, and the most frequent ACEs were emotional neglect, family violence, emotional abuse, and physical abuse. Most students did not report depression or clinical anxiety symptoms. Two probabilistic models were obtained; 1) physical abuse increased the probability of depression (odds ratio, OR 14.1; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.7, 113.9), and resilience in competence (OR .914; 95% CI .851, .981) and acceptance (OR .776; 95% CI .668, .902) dimensions decreased the likelihood of depression; and 2) resilience in acceptance (OR .774; 95% CI .630, .855) dimension decreased the probability of clinical anxiety. ACEs are highly prevalent among psychology students. Physical abuse increases the probability of depression, whereas resilience decreases the probability of depression and/or anxiety symptoms. Impact of resilience on the negative outcomes of ACEs should be evaluated in future.
Objective
This study reconceptualized trait resilience, defining it as a network of systems; utilizing direct resilience assessments—engineering, ecological, adaptive capacity, social cohesion—and proxy resilience assessments—personality, cognitive, emotional, eudaimonia, and health.
Background
The background of the study addresses the fragmented conceptualization of trait resilience by proposing a unifying network model based on ecological systems theory, illustrating the dynamic interplay of resilience factors across varying levels of disturbance.
Method
In Study One, four USA or UK samples (total n = 2396) were used to depict the trait resilience network. Study Two ( n = 1091) examined the relationship between the network and disturbance at two time‐points, using mental health levels as a disturbance metric.
Results
Study One found that adaptive capacity, and sometimes positive emotional processes, were central variables to the network. Study Two found that in lower disturbance groups, adaptive capacity remained important, while in higher disturbance groups, a broader set of variables became central to the network.
Conclusions
Study One suggests a Broaden‐and‐Build approach, where adaptive capacity is a foundational resilience capability, reciprocally associated with positive emotional mechanisms. Study Two suggests a new “Dynamic Resilience Spectrum Theory,” proposing that increased disturbances necessitate the use of a more diverse set of resilience traits.
Background
Global conflicts and geopolitical tensions are causing mass displacement, making refugee integration a pressing issue. The aftermath of Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine has resulted in over 5 million internally displaced Ukrainians and more than 8 million refugees settling across Europe. The success of their integration relies on the hospitality and attitudes of citizens of host nations. This study investigates factors influencing attitudes toward Ukrainian refugees in seven nearby countries, focusing on resilience, and both positive and negative coping mechanisms.
Methods
A cross-sectional questionnaire study gathered data mostly through Internet panel samples from Georgia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, and Romania. The instruments employed in this present study include: attitudes towards refugees, societal resilience, individual resilience, community resilience, hope, morale, feeling safe at home, well-being, sense of danger, distress symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder, perceived threats, and government support.
Results
Attitudes toward Ukrainian refugees vary across nations, with Georgia and Estonia displaying the highest acceptance (3.92 and 3.29, respectfully), and Slovakia and the Czech Republic (2.63 and 2.5, respectfully) exhibiting lower levels of positivity. Societal resilience emerged as a key factor influencing positive attitudes towards refugees. Other predictors included hope, individual and community resilience, PTSD, education, gender, and perceived threats. Females and higher-educated individuals expressed more favorable attitudes.
Conclusions
Fostering societal resilience and positive coping strategies is essential for refugees' integration, with targeted interventions, educational programs, and awareness campaigns playing a significant role in building empathy and aiding their acceptance. Policies should encourage social inclusion and economic opportunities for refugees and host communities, addressing negative societal attitudes. These findings may inform crisis support and policies enhancing attitudes toward refugees in host communities.
Research from across the globe shows adolescents to report high rates of mental illness and the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened this picture. Additionally, the climate change topical issue also triggers worries and brings a whole generation of individuals to experience uncertainty and to fear for their future. Such mental health concerns have also their twin issues in the school context, so that many school students around the world experience anxiety, stress, fatigue, and see their quality of life at school altered. Fortunately, the development of non-technical skill such as wellbeing related skills or resilience skills could bring balance and support to students facing these health threats. Such assets could be incorporated sporadically in already existing curriculums and school programs, or they could be implemented more globally, at all levels and in all areas of the school functioning, in a curricula-wide perspective, where the whole school community would experience and live positive education.
Psychological resilience has gained considerable attention in sport. Nevertheless, the construct often remains poorly understood and multiple conceptual and methodological issues pervade the literature. The purpose of the present article is to provide a critical review of the commonly adopted methodologies to study resilience in sport. This review is divided into four sections. The first section will briefly discuss opposing conceptualizations of resilience as a static trait or a dynamic process. The second section will then discuss key methodological implications relating to the conceptualization of resilience as a dynamic process. In the third section, common methodologies to study resilience in sport are presented and critically reviewed. These methodologies are broadly divided into: (i) self-report resilience measures, (ii) qualitative research, and (iii) direct assessment of functioning in relation to observed adversity. In the final section, some avenues for future research are offered.
