Figure 1 - uploaded by Ing Widya
Content may be subject to copyright.

Source publication
Article
Full-text available
Mobile health systems extend the Enterprise Computing System (ECS) of the healthcare provider by bringing services to the patient any time and anywhere. We propose a methodology for the development of such extended ECSs which applies a model-driven design and development approach augmented with formal Validation and Verification (V&V) to address qu...

Contexts in source publication

Context 1
... example, at PSM level there may be different models for different parts of the system, relating to different implementation technologies (e.g. an SQL model and a Java model). Furthermore there may be several substeps and different levels of abstraction within each step, such as class hierarchies relating to a domain ontology (an example appears in Figure 12). Adjacent models in a transformation process may be written in the same language. ...
Context 2
... ignore these complications for the moment and present a simple view of the MDD process below in Figure 1. Following ( Kleppe et al., 2003) we indicate model transformation graphically by a T-shape embedded in a box, signifying a combination of a particular transformation definition from a particular source to a particular target language, (the T-shape), introduced into a transformation tool. ...
Context 3
... specialisations of the health BAN have been developed within the Awareness and HealthService24 projects, including telemonitoring BANs for epilepsy and teletreatment BANs for chronic pain management. Figure 10 shows the architecture of the BAN and Figure 11 shows the hardware components used in one of the BAN configurations. ...
Context 4
... specialisations of the health BAN have been developed within the Awareness and HealthService24 projects, including telemonitoring BANs for epilepsy and teletreatment BANs for chronic pain management. Figure 10 shows the architecture of the BAN and Figure 11 shows the hardware components used in one of the BAN configurations. ...
Context 5
... architecture of the MobiHealth BAN Figure 11 One configuration: PDA, front-end and sensors Figure 11 shows a COPD BAN, where the MBU is implemented by a PDA (a Qtek). This BAN is equipped with a respiration sensor and 3-channel ECG. ...
Context 6
... architecture of the MobiHealth BAN Figure 11 One configuration: PDA, front-end and sensors Figure 11 shows a COPD BAN, where the MBU is implemented by a PDA (a Qtek). This BAN is equipped with a respiration sensor and 3-channel ECG. ...
Context 7
... configuration represents one of many different specialisations of the generic BAN developed and realised at the University of Twente. The concept space encompassing generic BANs, health BANS and specialisations of health BANs can be modelled as a class hierarchy, as shown in Figure 12. Here several levels of increasing specialisation of BANs are identified. ...
Context 8
... this section we present examples of modelling using two different formalisms: a linear discrete mathematics notation and UML diagrams. The goal of the modelling activity is not only to encompass all the existing specialisations of the MobiHealth BAN but also to be Figure 12 Health BANs in UML class hierarchy generic enough to cover the current BAN developments conducted in the Awareness and HealthService24 projects as well as many future possible instantiations of BANs, including those based on future ambient intelligence technologies such as smart sensor networks and perhaps incorporating implanted and nano-scale devices. ...
Context 9
... wired/wireless channels). Figure 13 illustrates a logical view of these components. The components to the right hand side of the dotted line are in the domain of the healthcare provider's ECS, and to the left hand side are the components of the BAN system which extends it. ...
Context 10
... model identifies the classes of objects involved in a BAN System as seen in Figure 13, provides a mathematical representation of the object class BANSystem and identifies the services it offers, for example, ECG monitoring. These services will be further specified at a lower level of abstraction, depending on the clinical requirements. ...
Context 11
... the nodes may themselves be complex components or subnetworks we refer to them as BAN Connected Device Systems (BCDSs) or BAN devices for short. From a network point of view the BAN can be specified thus: BAN = tuple(MBU, set(BCDS), set(Channel)) Figure 14 shows the corresponding UML class diagram. (Note channels could alternatively be modelled by association classes.) ...
Context 12
... FESSS (especially from the topological perspective) may also be modelled as a graph. We represent the concept of recursive networks in a UML diagram in Figure 15. In this section we have given an outline of some of the concepts involved in the m-health application and given examples of the modelling activities whereby these concepts are being formalised as part of the PIM modelling step of the A-MDA methodology. ...
Context 13
... condition-specific BAN provides a set of services associated with a particular disease or condition (see Figure 16). A BAN for Long QT syndrome patients might include ECG monitors and an implanted defibrillator. ...
Context 14
... methodology should support creation of personalised BANs. One approach would be by composition of condition-specific BANs as shown in Figure 17. Figure 17 represents the BAN needed by our hypothetical patient, Vic, who suffers from the life threatening cardiac arrhythmia know as Long QT syndrome. ...
Context 15
... approach would be by composition of condition-specific BANs as shown in Figure 17. Figure 17 represents the BAN needed by our hypothetical patient, Vic, who suffers from the life threatening cardiac arrhythmia know as Long QT syndrome. He is also an insulin dependent diabetic and suffers from epilepsy. ...
Context 16
... is also an insulin dependent diabetic and suffers from epilepsy. Figure 17 shows that the BAN needed by Vic is some combination of the generic LongQT, Diabetes and Epilepsy BANs. In Figure 17 we introduce some graphical conventions, using a black circle to represent composition of BANs and a black diamond to represent personalisation. ...
Context 17
... 17 shows that the BAN needed by Vic is some combination of the generic LongQT, Diabetes and Epilepsy BANs. In Figure 17 we introduce some graphical conventions, using a black circle to represent composition of BANs and a black diamond to represent personalisation. The figure should be read thus: Vic's BAN is derived from the generic LongQT, Diabetes and Epilepsy BANs by a process of composition followed by personalisation. ...

Similar publications

Article
Full-text available
The models transformation is the fundamental key in Model Driven Architecture approach. In Model Driven Architecture there are two transformations kinds: the CIM to PIM transformation and the PIM to PSM transformation. The researchers focused on the transformation from PIM level to PSM level, because there are several points in common between these...
Article
Full-text available
The software system needs to be analyzed and designed before the program code is written. A Computation Independent Model (CIM) and a Platform Independent Model/ Platform Specific Model (PIM/PSM) from Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) will be partially considered in this paper. A Topological Functioning Model (TFM) will be considered as a formal CIM,...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Traditional software development projects for process-oriented organizations are time consuming and do not always guarantee the fulfillment of the functional requirements of the client organization, and thus the quality of the resulting software product. To reduce the time spent for developing software and improve its quality, we adopt the inclusio...
Article
Full-text available
The sequence diagram can be used to design object-oriented software; however, its modeling principles are lack of research. In this paper, its application in software design was studied, and its inherent linkage with object-oriented programming was discussed, and the interactive mechanism among its elements was explored. The modeling principles for...
Article
Full-text available
The Model Driven Architecture (MDA) paradigm is well-known and widely used in the field of model-based software development. How-ever, there are still some issues that are problematic and that need to be dealt with carefully. In this paper we present a construct that aims to help to understand how MDA grows in complexity as problems faced become mo...

Citations

... Such high-level models serve as the basis for systematic and progressive synthesis of executable codes for the targeted simulation platforms. Examples of environments, which are based on discrete event simulation formalisms, have been reported by Kofman et al., 60 Mittal and Martín, 61 Bonaventura et al., 62 Ighoroje et al., 63 Zeigler, 64 Mittal and Douglass, 65 and Risco-Martín et al. 66 Comparative surveys of the relative strengths of some of these environments have been done independently by Aliyu et al. 23 and Franceschini et al. 67 Specific applications of MDE techniques to healthcare processes and systems are described by Jones et al., 68 Song et al., 69 and Antonacci et al. 70 ...
Article
The domain of healthcare is characterized by a high degree of complexity and a diversity of perspectives, and modelers are often confronted with the challenge of formulating a simulation model that captures this complexity in a systematic and manageable manner. Most often, the diverse perspectives of healthcare systems are studied in isolation and using specific formalisms. As it turns out, answering questions concerning behavioral properties of the overall system becomes difficult and therefore not sufficient for an efficient design and analysis of the system under study. In this article, we propose a framework for multi-paradigm modeling and holistic simulation of healthcare systems. We present a modeling methodology with a plethora of formalisms to allow the modeler to choose an appropriate formalism at a given level of abstraction while model transformation relates the different formalisms. Furthermore, we develop an integrative approach for the interactions between models of different perspectives through dynamic update of model output-to-parameter integration during concurrent simulations. Such an approach provides multiple levels of explanation for the same system, while offering, at the same time, an integrated view of the whole. The framework has successfully been applied to study part of the Nigerian healthcare system.
... By comparison, the PIM development process is the only process that requires complete manual and innovative development. However, the PSM development process typically is automated [34], while the code development process is partially automated in this research. ...
Article
Full-text available
Recent advances in mobile and wireless sensor technologies have introduced new domain requirements that must be satisfied in designing a Context-Aware Mobile Patient Monitoring Framework (CMPMF) to develop Context-Aware Mobile Patient Monitoring Systems (CMPMS). Although there have been few studies that designed CMPMFs to develop CMPMS, they have severe deficiencies in considering the emerging domain requirements. To address this gap, a detailed design of CMPMF is presented based on Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The resulting Platform Independent Model (PIM), Platform Specific Model (PSM), and code show that the detailed design has satisfied the domain requirements of CMPMF to develop CMPMS.
... A multidisciplinary team of computer scientists, clinicians, and biomedical engineers at the University of Twente in the Netherlands has been researching mobile monitoring and feedback systems based on Body Area Networks (BANs) since 2001. The Twente BAN system and various healthcare applications are reported, for example, in [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]. Two potential health and wellbeing applications involving monitoring in extreme environments are described in [17]. ...
Article
Full-text available
An assessment of a sensor designed for monitoring energy expenditure, activity, and sleep was conducted in the context of a research project which develops a weight management application. The overall goal of this project is to affect sustainable behavioural change with respect to diet and exercise in order to improve health and wellbeing. This paper reports results of a pretrial in which three volunteers wore the sensor for a total of 11 days. The aim was to gain experience with the sensor and determine if it would be suitable for incorporation into the ICT system developed by the project to be trialled later on a larger population. In this paper we focus mainly on activity monitoring and user experience. Data and results including visualizations and reports are presented and discussed. User experience proved positive in most respects. Exercise levels and sleep patterns correspond to user logs relating to exercise sessions and sleep patterns. Issues raised relate to accuracy, one source of possible interference, the desirability of enhancing the system with real-time data transmission, and analysis to enable real-time feedback. It is argued that automatic activity classification is needed to properly analyse and interpret physical activity data captured by accelerometry.
... In the far future we envision increasing miniaturization enabling the " disappearing BAN " or AmI- BAN, incorporating micro-and nano-scale devices, processes and materials, possibly implanted, communicating with the Ambient Intelligent Environment to provide cost-effective, unobtrusive, pervasive, context aware health services [17]. More than ever therefore we will need new methodologies for verifying correctness and safety properties of such highly distributed and autonomous systems [18]. ...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
We are investigating the use of body area networks (BANs), wearable sensors and wireless communications for measuring, processing, transmission, interpretation and display of biosignals. The goal is to provide telemonitoring and teletreatment services for patients. The remote health professional can view a multimedia display which includes graphical and numerical representation of patientspsila biosignals. Addition of feedback-control enables teletreatment services; teletreatment can be delivered to the patient via multiple modalities including tactile, text, auditory and visual. We describe the health BAN and a generic mobile health service platform and two context aware applications. The epilepsy application illustrates processing and interpretation of multi-source, multimedia BAN data. The chronic pain application illustrates multi-modal feedback and treatment, with patients able to view their own biosignals on their handheld device.
Thesis
Full-text available
The development of Context-aware Mobile Patient Monitoring Systems (CaMPaMS) using wireless sensors is very complex. To overcome this problem, the Context-aware Mobile Patient Monitoring Framework (CaMPaMF) was introduced as an ideal reuse technique to enhance the overall development quality and overcome the development complexity of CaMPaMS. While a few studies have designed reusable CaMPaMFs, there has not been enough study looking at how to design and evaluate application frameworks based on multiple reusability aspects and multiple reusability evaluation approaches. Furthermore, there also has not been enough study that integrates the identified domain requirements of CaMPaMS. Therefore, the aim of this research is to design a reusable CaMPaMF for CaMPaMS. To achieve this aim, twelve methods were used: literature search, content analysis, concept matrix, feature modelling, use case assortment, domain expert review, model-driven architecture approach, static code analysis, reusability model approach, prototyping, amount of reuse calculation, and software expert review. The primary outcome of this research is a reusable CaMPaMF designed and evaluated to capture reusability from different aspects. CaMPaMF includes a domain model validated by consultant physicians as domain experts, an architectural model, a platform-independent model, a platform-specific model validated by software expert review, and three CaMPaMS prototypes for monitoring patients with hypertension, epilepsy, or diabetes, and multiple reusability evaluation approaches. This research contributes to the body of software engineering knowledge, particularly in the area of design and evaluation of reusable application frameworks. Researchers can use the domain model to enhance the understanding of CaMPaMS domain requirements, thus extend it with new requirements. Developers can also reuse and extend CaMPaMF to develop various CaMPaMS for different diseases. Software industries can also reuse CaMPaMF to reduce the need to consult domain experts and the time required to build CaMPaMS from scratch, thus reducing the development cost and time.
Article
The development process of control and automation software appears to be unsatisfactory and many years behind the general-purpose software development process. Moreover, current software engineering practices cannot be applied without modifications to the control and automation domain. In this paper, the model-driven development (MDD) paradigm is adopted to define a framework for the development of control and automation software. The proposed framework integrates an evolving domain-specific modelling language with the emerging real-time specification for Java (RTSJ) to exploit the benefits of Object and Java technologies. An implementation model framework and a run-time environment are defined to allow function block (FB) based design specifications to be automatically transformed to RTSJ executable ones. The recently released IBM RTSJ implementation is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Performance measurements show the applicability of the proposed approach in the control and automation domain.