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darkened red lead paint sample after irradiation by a CW top-hat Nd:YAG laser (red part on the right) at 1000 kW m -2 . The lighter stains designated by an arrow are due to gypsum. Cracks were present before the treatment.
Source publication
Red lead and lead white are some of the most ancient and common pigments in mural paintings. However, they tend to blacken with time due to their oxidation to plattnerite (\b{eta}-PbO2). The possibility to induce the reconversion reactions by CW laser heating is hereby discussed. A thermodynamic study by TGA showed that direct cerussite or hydrocer...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... laser irradiance (1000 kW m -2 calculated by using the 1/e beam radius) was selected so that all plattnerite grains were transformed into minium. Such treatment produced a quasi-uniform red area ( figure 6). The presence of lighter stains arises from gypsum, which did not evolve during laser irradiation. ...
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