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A new or second edition of the international histological classification of skin, melanocytic and soft tissue tumors of domestic animals was published in 1998 with new entities and some new nomenclatures. For the period since then, we have not found a statistical study that discusses all these tumors in relation to the new WHO classification. There...
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... It should be noted that in the last third of the research period we observed an increase in the number of both benign and malignant mammary tumours in younger animals. Similar results were established in the studies of Tsvetkov (1998) and Sharif (2006) on canine neoplasms. Interestingly, the number of tumours was the same (15) in cats aged 07 and over 12 years of age. ...
Simeonov, R. & I. Grozeva, 2023. Epidemiological retrospective studies of feline mammary gland tumours in Bulgaria. Bulg. J. Vet. Med. (online first). The research was performed on biopsy materials from spontaneous mammary gland tumours in cats referred for examination and treatment at the Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, as well as from private veterinary clinics from all over Bulgaria for the period 20002010 year. One hundred and twenty tumours were examined (one hundred and two malignant and eighteen benign). Of all investigated tumours, 75 (62.5%) affected mixed breeds and 45 (37.5%) purebred cats. From the investigated 120 mammary gland tumours, 117 (97.5%) were found in female cats and 3 (2.5%) in males. All benign neoplasms were solitary formations. From malignant tumours, 60 (58.82%) were multiple and 42 (41.18%) solitary formations. Based on the final histopathological diagnosis, 102 (85%) of all mammary gland tumours were determined as malignant and 18 (15%) as benign. Of all neoplasms, 115 (95.84%) were diagnosed as epithelial and 5 (4.16%) as mesenchymal. The average age of affected animals was 10 (515) years. The most common feline mammary gland tumours according to our study were: tubu-lopapillary carcinoma 60 (50%), solid carcinoma 15 (12.5%), fibroadenoma 13 (10.83%), squamous cell carcinoma 10 (8.33%) and cribriform carcinoma 7 (5.83%).
... According to the results of external signs and histological studies of tumours, all cases were grouped according to the new WHO classification adapted for small animals in the work of M.A.M Sharif (2006), and for convenience of further analysis they were divided into benign and malignant tumours. The obtained results of the studies were subjected to mathematical processing using TIBCO Statistica v 14.0.0.15 software (USA). ...
The increase in the number of dogs as pets poses the challenge for veterinary specialists to find new approaches to prevent their morbidity and early mortality. Age and breed are considered to be the main risk criteria for the formation of tumours in dogs, so the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of these and a number of other factors on the susceptibility to cancer in this species. The research was based on the analysis of a single database of veterinary clinics in Bishkek, which includes 328 confirmed cases of cancer in dogs. The most common breeds were German (n=48) and Central Asian Shepherds (n=23), Rottweilers (n=18), Dachshunds (n=18), Poodles (n=17), Shar Pei (n=14), Pekingese (n=14), and a group of outbred dogs (n=70). Benign neoplasms were recorded in 140 cases, accounting for 54.3% of the total number of tumours in pure-bred dogs. Benign tumours predominated in large breed dogs (n=75), or 53.6% of the total number of benign tumours, and the highest growth of malignant tumours was detected in small breed dogs (59%) (n=29). Dogs, regardless of breed, were more vulnerable to tumour formation between the ages of 6 and 12 years. The database analysis revealed that females were more likely to develop cancer than males, with mammary tumours being the main diagnosis in females (36.3%). Small dog breeds had a higher risk of developing mammary tumours than large dogs. The obtained results revealed breed-specific features of the manifestation of morphological types of tumours in dogs and made it possible to determine the critical periods of their formation
... In general, there was not a real sex predisposition for cutaneous tumors. However, Mohamed (2006) reported a greater frequency of histiocytomas and melanomas in males, equivalent to our results (8/15 histiocytomas, 6/11 melanomas). ...
A retrospective and cross-sectional study of canine tumors was performed in the capital of State of Mexico from 2002-2016. Since then, 393 tumors were remitted. Descriptive epidemiology was made from all data: breed, age, sex, and tumor features. Then the risk association between cutaneous and non-cutaneous tumors with variables such as sex, breed, and age were analyzed through an exact Fisher test and Odds ratio. In addition, some characteristics of the canine population were studied under a survey. Of all tumors, skin tumors were the most frequent (59.0%). The group of tumors related to ultraviolet radiation was the most common (15.1%). The frequency of tumors in females was 53%, nevertheless, males had more risk to develop cutaneous tumors (OR=1.88, 1.24-2.84) (0.003). The Pure breeds were the most common (82.5%) and the most frequent age range was > 7 years (54.7%). The survey showed that males (53%) and the age range 1-7 years (62.1%) were the most frequent. Conclusions, age, breed, and sex were identified as the major risk factors for tumorigenesis. Likewise, skin tumors were associated with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, probably to the height of the locality (2667mamls).
... Tumors arising from sweat glands are uncommon to rare in human and different animal species (Urayama et al. 2001;Chintamani et al. 2003;Cihocki et al. 2007;Scott and Miller, 2011a;Akhtardanesh et al. 2012). These tumors can develop in eccrine (atrichial), apocrine (epitrichial), or modified apocrine sweat glands (Sharif 2006). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system, apocrine sweat gland tumors in domestic animals are categorized into apocrine adenoma, complex and mixed apocrine adenoma, apocrine ductal adenoma, apocrine carcinoma, complex and mixed apocrine carcinoma, and apocrine ductal carcinoma (Nibe et al. 2005;Matthias et al. 2012;Akhtardanesh et al. 2012). ...
Apocrine sweat gland carcinomas are very rare skin tumors in horses. A 5-year-old Arabian stallion was presented with a mass in the pastern region of the left forelimb. Grossly, a hairless and ulcerative mass measuring approximately 1 × 1 cm was noted. Complete surgical excision with wide, clean margins was selected as a method of treatment. Histopathological examination of the excised mass identified the apocrine sweat gland ductal carcinoma. There was no evidence of local tumor recurrence during the subsequent follow-up evaluations.
... Skin tumours are most frequently located in the head, neck, anal region and extremities (9,20,28,29). The findings obtained for tumour localisation in the present study were in agreement with those reported in previous research. ...
... The assessment of the general distribution of the skin tumours revealed that squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, papilloma and hepatoid gland tumours occurred more frequently than other skin tumours (23,24,28). In the present study, 27,9% of the tumours detected were squamous cell carcinoma, 20,9% hepatoid gland tumours, 16,3% basal cell carcinoma, 16,3% sweat gland tumours, 11,6% sebaceous gland tumours and 4,7% papilloma. ...
... Tumours of the sebaceous glands are highly prevalent in dogs. The incidence of this type of skin tumour increases between 8 and 12 years of age (9,(25)(26)(27)(28). In contrast to the available literature reports, the 3 cases diagnosed in the present study were observed to have occurred in older dogs (14 years of age). ...
... Skin tumours are most frequently located in the head, neck, anal region and extremities (9,20,28,29). The findings obtained for tumour localisation in the present study were in agreement with those reported in previous research. ...
... The assessment of the general distribution of the skin tumours revealed that squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, papilloma and hepatoid gland tumours occurred more frequently than other skin tumours (23,24,28). In the present study, 27,9% of the tumours detected were squamous cell carcinoma, 20,9% hepatoid gland tumours, 16,3% basal cell carcinoma, 16,3% sweat gland tumours, 11,6% sebaceous gland tumours and 4,7% papilloma. ...
... Tumours of the sebaceous glands are highly prevalent in dogs. The incidence of this type of skin tumour increases between 8 and 12 years of age (9,(25)(26)(27)(28). In contrast to the available literature reports, the 3 cases diagnosed in the present study were observed to have occurred in older dogs (14 years of age). ...
The material of this study was, cytopathologic and histopathologic specimens obtained from 43 of dogs suffering from skin tumors. Samples were submitted by Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine or private clinics of veterinary in Ankara. Cytologic specimens were prepared by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) technique and stained with May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG). For histopathologic examinations tissue samples were obtained by surgery. Samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution and embedded in paraffin by routine procedures and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E). Tumors were obtained from 29 male dogs and 14 female dogs. The age with highest incidence in dogs was between 8 and 15. The breeds of dogs more frequently affected were 14 terrier, 14 mongrel and 15 another different breeds. Localizations of tumors were in the followed regions, head, perianal regions and legs. Cytopathologically, 30 (69,76%) malignant epithelial tumors, 5 (11,62%) benign epithelial tumors, 6 (13,95%) suspect epithelial tumors and 2 (4,65%) few malignant epithelial tumors were diagnosed. Histopathological diagnosis determined 12 (27,9%) squoamous cell carcinoma, 9 (20,9%) hepatoid gland tumours, 7 (16,3%) basal cell carcinoma, 7 (16,3%) sweat gland tumours, 5 (11,6%) sebaceous gland tumours, 2 (4,7%) papilloma and 1 (2,3%) malignant pilomatricoma. The diagnoses were in agreement cytopathologically and histopathologically in 86,05% of cases. The results obtained in the present study suggest that cytopathology is a practical tool for the early diagnosis of canine skin tumours. © 2016, Chartered Inst. of Building Services Engineers. All rights reserved.
... Hepatoid gland tumors generally originate from the sebaceous glands found around the anus of dogs. These tumors are located in the skin of the anus, the preputium and tail (1,6,8,17). Due to the morphological appearance of tumor cells resembling that of hepatocytes, these tumors are referred to as "hepatoid gland tumors" (8,15). ...
... In the present study, in agreement with literature reports, all of the sampled male dogs, which were diagnosed with hepatoid gland tumors, were uncastrated. Previous research on hepatoid gland tumors has shown that these tumors occur more frequently in the Siberian Husky, Samoyed and Pekingese dog breeds (1,3,8,17,23). In the present study, Terriers ranked first (40,6%) for the occurrence of hepatoid gland tumors and were followed by mongrels (18,8%). ...
... In the histological examination of malignant hepatoid gland tumors, squamous metaplasia and alterations in ductal structure are frequently observed (8,17,21,23). In the present study, of the 5 (Case n o 3, 4, 7, 17, 19) malignant tumors diagnosed, 3 (Case n o 3, 4, 7) were presented with squamous metaplasia and 4 (Case n o 3, 7, 17, 19 ) exhibited ductal alterations. ...
In this study, cytological and histological findings of canine hepatoid gland tumors were evaluated for accuracy of cytologic diagnosis. Thirty two samples from dogs of different breed, sex and age were used in the study. Cytologic speciments were prepared by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and stained with May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG). On the other hand, histopathologic tissue samples were obtained surgically. Samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution and embedded in paraffin by routine procedures and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E). In 84.37% of the samples taken from the 32 dogs included in the study, matching cytological and histopathological diagnoses were made, while 5 of the cases were misdiagnosed. Based on cytological examination, from 27 of the samples taken, 18 (66, 7%) were diagnosed as Suspect adenoma, 6 (22, 2%) as Suspect carcinoma and 3 (11, 1%) as Suspect epithelioma. Based on histopathological examination, of the total 32 cases, 22 (68, 7%) were diagnosed as Hepatoid gland adenoma (HGA), 7 (21, 9%) as Hepatoid gland carcinoma (HGC) and 3 (9, 4%) as Hepatoid gland epithelioma (HGE). These results suggest that the FNAC technique and cytological examination could be of use in the early diagnosis of canine hepatoid gland tumors. © 2016, Chartered Inst. of Building Services Engineers. All rights reserved.
... In order to perform literature research, synonyms like melanocytoma-acanthoma were neede to be mentioned, because this tumor in dogs was published using the synonym melanocytomaacanthoma and no case was published under the synonym moelanoacanthoma [1,2,4]. It is therefore recommended stating all the synonyms, as far as possible, behind the respective tumors to facilitate search with regard to these tumors [8]. ...
A cutaneous melanoacanthoma on the forehead of a 5-year-old male mongrel dog was characterized by the presence of two populations of neoplastic cells: epithelial and melanocytic. The epithelial component consisted of nests of well-differentiated stratified squamous epithelium closely associated with neoplastic melanocytes. According to our survey, three cases of this rare pigmented skin neoplasm of the dog have been published. We present here the histological features of the fourth case of Melanoacanthoma in dogs. This report confirms the benign nature of this tumor and adds to the data that will help determine predilections of age, breed, sex and site of its occurrence.
... Pueden ocurrir como tumores primarios cuyo origen es dérmico o subcutáneo (Torres y Eslava 2006) o como metástasis, los de origen visceral son raros y son más frecuentes las metástasis que pueden darse en hígado, bazo, corazón, pulmón, riñón, nódulos linfáticos, medula ósea (Takahashi et al. 2000). Dentro de los tumores epiteliales se encuentra el carcinoma de células escamosas (SCC) el cual tiene una prevalencia del 0.9 % dentro del grupo de tumores cutáneos de caninos (Monier 2006) y ha sido reportado en humanos y animales (Kitchell y Manfra 1998) afectando a la mayoría de especies domesticas (Ginn et al., 2007) con mayor frecuencia a caninos y felinos (Ferreira 2003; Kitchell y Manfra 1998). Es una neoplasia localmente invasiva y ocasionalmente metastásica de bajo grado de malignidad, la cual se deriva de los epitelios escamosos estratificados (Ginn et al., 2007, Maiolino et al., 2002) y ellos en forma general no poseen pigmentación, ni papilación (Ferreira 2003; Kitchell y Manfra 1998). ...
... El diagnosticó citopatológico del mastocitoma es por tanto fácil salvo en el grado III (pobremente diferenciado) en donde los mastocitos carecen de los gránulos característicos y las atipias celulares pueden ser mas acusadas (Aceña 2008; Miller y Ramos-Vara 2008, Moore 2005). Un requisito básico para el diagnóstico, pronóstico y un plan terapéutico apropiado requiere la clasificación de la neoplasia por histopatología, con la ayuda de tinciones especiales para identificar los gránulos intracitoplasmáticos y diferenciar el tumor de otras neoplasias de células redondas (Couto 2007, Monier 2006, Newman et al., 2007, Pakhrin et al., 2007). La coloración de PAS para este paciente dio PAS (+) marcando un número escaso de gránulos metacromáticos citoplasmáticos permitiendo así confirmar el diagnosticó de mastocitoma tipo III. ...
En este informe es presentado el caso de un canino hembra, no castrada, de 5 años, Pastor Alemán, de procedencia urbana que ingresó a la Clínica Veterinaria de la Universidad de los Llanos. Los hallazgos al examen clínico encontrados fueron: anorexia, diarrea, melena, vomito, presencia de una masa.en el tegumento de consistencia blanda a nivel del abdomen, sarro y desgaste de incisivos, ojoscongestionados e infestación generalizada de garrapatas. Lo relevante de la necropsia fue el hallazgo de una masa redonda en piel de la región abdominal de consistencia gelatinosa y circunscrita de 3cm de largo x 3.5 cm de ancho y otra masa en el mesenterio de superficie lisa y coloración rojiza cerca del páncreas, además del hallazgo de una ulcera en la cara dorsal de la lengua, el tracto gastrointestinal poseía en su lumen un contenido sanguinolento y hemorragias en toda su mucosa. Por histopatología se diagnosticó cuatro tipos de tumores: en la masa subcutánea se presentó el tumor de células de mastgrado III asociado a un acantoma queratinizante infundibular en la piel que recubría la masa. En hígado se encontraron nódulos metastáticos del tumor de células de mast tipo III. Se halló en lengua un carcinoma de células escamosas tipo II y en mesenterio un mesotelioma peritoneal bien diferenciado patrón epitelioide.
