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Objective:
The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate the autonomic nervous system by dynamic pupillometry (DP) in normotensive and hypertensive individuals with either a non-dipper-type or a dipper-type circadian rhythm of blood pressure (BP).
Patients and methods:
A total of 80 patients were allocated into four groups: normot...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... demographic characteristics, ambulatory BP mon- itoring, DP analysis, and echocardiographic parameters of the groups are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 Among the DP indices, V c and A c were higher in the dipper subgroup of normotensive cases with respect to the nondipper subgroup of normotensive cases (V c = 5.19 ± 0.85 vs. 4.58 ± 0.71, P = 0.017; A c = 1.66 ± 0.27 vs. 1.49 ± 0.28, P = 0.048) (Fig. 2). ...Similar publications
Objectives:
To evaluate the effects of a foot bath on autonomic nervous system (ANS) activities as measured by pupil light reflex (PLR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy adults.
Methods:
PLR and HRV were assessed before and during a foot bath in healthy subjects (n = 110). The subjects dipped their feet in 40 °C water at a level below...
Background: Many cl inicaland haematological changes occur as a result of severe malaria, of which cerebral malaria (CM) is a common entity. These changes affect virtually all organs and systems of the body. We identify various clinical and haematological determinants of outcome in CM so as to institute proactive management of such children. Method...
Introduction and Objective: One of important roles in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is vascular condition. To enhance glaucoma management, the clinical assessment of ocular perfusion is required. The pupillary light reflex's afferent or efferent pathways may become impaired as a result of pupil cycle time (PCT) elongation. PCT is a simple objective...
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has significantly increased both mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) is an option when conventional treatments fail to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) when brain edema occurs in TBI. This study aims to determine the relationship between DC and patients with TB...
Background and Objective Pupillary light reflex (PLR) abnormalities have been reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies have been conducted on the abnormality of PLR in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), which is a prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathy. We herein quantitatively...
Citations
... In this study, no significant relationship was found between hypertension and pupil size. 19 In Petra et al's study there was also an autonomic nervous system disorder which caused a decrease in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, while in this study there was no significant relationship. 20 The weakness of this research is the lighting that is not the same at the place where the research is carried out. ...
Purpose: This study aims to assess the relationships between pupil size and refractive errors in both metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome populations residing in rural areas of Malang. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in 2019 across three villages in Malang districts. All attending participants underwent a comprehensive ocular examination, including pupil size assessment. Pupil abnormalities were defined as deviations from the normal diameter of 2-4 mm in bright light. Clinically relevant refractive errors included hyperopia (SphEq value ? 0.25 D), myopia (SphEq value ? -0.25 D), and astigmatism (cylinder ? 0.25 D). Blood samples gauged serum fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Waist circumference, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis followed the 2006 International Diabetes Foundation criteria. Participants were categorized into metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome groups. Results: The examination involved 953 participants, encompassing 944 right eyes and 942 left eyes. For the right eye, 434 eyes showed emmetropia, 252 exhibited myopia, 141 had hyperopia, and 117 presented astigmatism. Pupillary abnormalities were linked to astigmatism, but lacked significance (p = 0.893). The left eye results indicated 444 eyes with emmetropia, 244 with myopia, 138 with hyperopia, and 116 with astigmatism. Correlation with pupillary abnormalities yielded a non-significant p-value of 0.864. Pupil size outcomes in metabolic syndrome (499 eyes) and non-metabolic syndrome (454 eyes) were not significant (p = 0.649). Conclusion: Refractive error does not correlate with pupil size in metabolic syndrome and nonmetabolic syndrome.
Introduction: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is known to be a refractory form of glaucoma, which frequently requires the integrated use of medical, laser and incisional surgery. Tube-shunt implantation and trabeculectomy with anti-fibrotic agent are the two most-popular incisional procedures for managing refractory glaucoma. This study aims to compare surgical outcome between patients who underwent trabeculectomy versus tube-shunt implantation for the treatment of NVG. Methods: A retrospective study was held of NVG patients that underwent trabeculectomy and tube-shunt implantation between January 2020 - December 2022 at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang. IOP outcome and success rate was measured at 3 months post operatively. Statistical analysis was used to compare the outcome between groups, p<0.05 was considered significant. Result: There were no significant differences in characteristics between groups at baseline. Mean IOP measured at 3 months postoperatively was 18.58 ± 5.53 and 15.94 ± 10.79 in trabeculectomy and tube group respectively (p=0.04), complete success rate was 18.8% in trabeculectomy and 25% in tube group, qualified success rate was 37.5% in trabeculectomy and 56.3% in tube group. Greater failure rate was observed in trabeculectomy group (43.8%). Conclusion: Compared to trabeculectomy, tube-shunt implantation has lower IOP at 3 months postoperatively in NVG. Similar number of anti-glaucoma medications was needed postoperatively in both procedure. Greater qualified success rate was achieved in tube-shunt implantation. Greater failure rate was observed in trabeculectomy.
This work presents a detailed and complete review of publications on pupillary light reflex (PLR) used to aid diagnoses. These are computational techniques used in the evaluation of pupillometry, as well as their application in computer-aided diagnoses (CAD) of pathologies or physiological conditions that can be studied by observing the movements of miosis and mydriasis of the human pupil. A careful survey was carried out of all studies published over the last 10 years which investigated, electronic devices, recording protocols, image treatment, computational algorithms and the pathologies related to PLR. We present the frontier of existing knowledge regarding methods and techniques used in this field of knowledge, which has been expanding due to the possibility of performing diagnoses with high precision, at a low cost and with a non-invasive method.
Objective:
Non-dipper hypertension (HT) confers greater risk compared with dipper hypertension. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) recently emerged as a novel and independent marker of cardiovascular disease, both in diagnostic and prognostic scopes. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship of circadian blood pressure (BP) pattern with serum GDF-15 level in newly diagnosed HT patients without left ventricular hypertrophy.
Subjects and methods:
Newly diagnosed non-dipper (n = 66) and dipper (n = 60) HT patients were selected according to 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Healthy normotensive subjects (n = 31) comprised the controls. Data was collected through physical examination, laboratory analysis, ABPM and echocardiography. GDF-15 was measured using ELISA.
Results:
Greater GDF-15 level was found in the non-dippers, compared with the dippers and the controls (557.53±91.7 ng/L, 513.79±62.86 ng/L, and 494.44±79.30 ng/L, respectively, p < 0.001). In bivariate linear correlation analysis, GDF-15 correlated positively with GFR (r = 0.180, p = 0.030), total cholesterol (r = 0.170, p = 0.038), septal E/E' ratio (r = 0.344, p = 0.001), lateral E/E' ratio (r = 0.366, p < 0.001), and nighttime systolic BP (r = 0.166, p = 0.046) and nighttime diastolic BP (r= 0.188, p = 0.024); however, it correlated negatively with septal and lateral E' velocities (r = 0.268, p = 0.005 and r = 0.236, p = 0.013; respectively). Furthermore, GDF-15 level and nighttime diastolic BP remained independently associated with non-dipper HT. In ROC analysis, optimal cut-off value for GDF-15 was 524.6 ng/L with 56.7% sensitivity and 72.4% specificity (AUC:0.676, 95%CI: 0.580-0.772, p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Our results showed GDF-15 up-regulation in non-dipper HT group. GDF-15 and nighttime diastolic BP were independently associated with non-dipping pattern. This study may suggest possible utilization of GDF-15 in the prediction of non-dipper HT.
