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This research work is aimed at scrutinizing the mathematical model for the hybrid nanofluid flow in a converging and diverging channel. Titanium dioxide and silver are considered solid nanoparticles while blood is considered as a base solvent. The couple stress fluid model is essentially used to describe the blood flow. The radiation terminology is...
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This paper scrutinizes the consequences of radiation and heat consumption of MHD convective flow of nanofluid on a heated stretchy plate with injection/suction and convective heating/cooling conditions. e nanofluid encompasses with Cu and Ag nanoparticles. We enforce the suited transformation to remodel the governing mathematical models to ODE mode...
Citations
... Sheikholeslami et al. [4] examined the impact of nanoparticles on the flow of Jeffery liquid. Further, Ullah et al. [5], Ganji and Azimi [6], Biswal and Chakraverty [7], and Hafeez et al. [8] have investigated the same model for the flow-through converging-diverging channel. ...
Alloys \(AA7072\) and \(AA7075\) are significant with thermal, physical, and mechanical characteristics; these are extensively used in manufacturing of spacecraft, aircraft parts. and bio nanoscience applications. The main interest of the present work is numerical and analytical investigation of heat transfer in MHD Jeffery-Hamel flow of a hybrid nanofluid with nanoparticle shapes (i.e., spherical, cylinder, and platelet) and mixture base fluid (\({H}_{2}O-{C}_{2}{H}_{6}{O}_{2}\) (\(50\%-50\%\))). Hybrid nanofluid containing alloys \(AA7072\) and \(AA7075\) as the nanoparticles is considered. The solution of the studied problem has been presented using a new analytical method (Daftardar-Jafari method). The obtained results in particular cases are compared to those gained by the HAM-based Mathematica package BVPh 2 and by the Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg 4th–5th order (RKF-45) for validation. The effect of diverse parameters for instance is as follows: external magnetic field \(Ha\in \left[0-500\right]\), Reynolds number \(Re\in \left[50-150\right]\), opening of the channel \(\alpha \in \left[\pm 2^\circ -\pm 6^\circ \right]\), hybrid nanoparticles \({\varphi }_{AA7072+AA7075}\in \left[0-6\%\right]\), Hartmann number \(Ha\in \left[0-150\right]\), and nanoparticle shapes (i.e., spherical, cylinder, and platelet) on dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles, as well as on the behavior of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number. The results indicate that the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt numbers decrease with the increasing nanoparticle shapes. In addition, the study’s findings were found to be in exceptional agreement with existing literature results.
... This medium was filled with CSNF situated between two thermally isolated sheets. Ullah et al. 19 investigated a mathematical model for hybrid nanoliquid flow across convergence and divergence channels, incorporating solid nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide and silver in blood and describing the blood flow using the CSNF model. Some valuable results related to CSNF are reported in Refs. ...
Couple-stress nanofluids have multiple potential applications in numerous industrial and engineering sectors, such as energy production, medical diagnostics, thermal control systems, and the aerospace industry. Couple-stress nanofluids have the ability to improve the heat exchange properties and elevate the performance of nuclear power plants, solar panels, and other renewable energy sources. Therefore, in the current analysis, a non-homogeneous nanofluid model is considered to examine the non-Newtonian Casson nanofluid flow across a prolonging sheet. The flow has been studied under the significance of generalized Fourier’s and Fick’s laws, convective boundary conditions, and the heat source/sink. The modeled equations are simplified into a dimensionless lowest-order system of ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation. The numerical outcomes are achieved by using the “ND-Solve” approach. It has been noticed that the energy field decreases because of the Prandtl number’s impacts, whereas it increases with the increase in the heat radiation parameter. The couple-stress nanoliquid’s velocity decreases vs increasing values of the magnetic field and mixed convection parameter. The influence of thermal relaxation and couple-stress parameters falls off the energy field. Furthermore, the intensifying effect of Rayleigh number and buoyancy ratio increases the fluid temperature.
... Nasir et al. [29], Nasir et al. [28] worked upon hybrid nanofluid flow. Ullah et al. [37] worked upon the converging and diverging channel along with the radiation effect for hybrid nanofluid flow with the help of couple stress fluid model. In blood flow examination, the couple stress factor is crucial because it diminishes the mobility of the hybrid nanofluid. ...
The physical significance of this study stems from a complex fluid dynamics situation that takes note of several real-world aspects. It is essential to figure out how hybrid nanofluids respond when exposed to various phenomena for a variety of applications, such as environmental engineering, industrial processes, and heat transfer systems. Overall, this research adds valuable insights to the field of fluid dynamics, particularly in the context of advanced nanofluid applications. The purport of the study is to dig into 2-dimensional unsteady hybrid nanofluid flow of Casson Cu–Al2O3/water between parallel plates in a channel which is placed horizontally where the lower plate is considered as stretchable. Oscillation of upper plate is there relative to plate which is placed at lower position. Here we examine the possessions of MHD during the flow of fluid when applied on lower plate along with suction/injection in the company of porous medium in conjunction with consequences of radiation, joule heating and heat source under the consequences of viscous dissipation while fluid is in motion. Further, we iron out the governing differential equation using non-dimensional parameters with the help of optimal homotopy analysis method. Moreover, results as well as conclusions have been carried out with the help of tables and graphs. We concluded that the liquid’s temperature rises with growing value of thermal radiation parameter. There is diminishing in the rate of heat transfer by 0.32% on the lower plate is observed for the varying numeric value of magnetic parameter.
... Liang et al. [5] presented a study on enrichment of fluid thermal conductivity by the accumulation of graphene nanosheets. Some further research in the direction of hybrid nanofluid [6][7][8][9][10][11] and coupled stress hybrid nanofluid is presented here [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Because of its numerous applications in engineering and geophysics, magnetohydrodynamics has sparked a lot of attention. ...
... Priyadharshini et al. [8] investigated the unsteady fow of collapsible tubes under transverse magnetohydrodynamic fuid. Ullah et al. [9] conducted a numerical study on a magnetized 2D hybrid nanofuid (GO + ZnO + blood) fow through a porous capillary. ...
The aim of this research is to study the effects of thermal radiation and chemical reaction on hydromagnetic fluid flow in a cylindrical collapsible tube with an obstacle. The fluid flow is governed by continuity, momentum, energy, and concentration equations. Similarity transformation has been used to convert the obtained PDEs into ODEs. The collocation method has been used to numerically solve the ODEs. The method has been implemented in MATLAB using the bvp4c inbuilt function. The effects of the nondimensional parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration have been presented graphically. Additionally, the skin-friction coefficient, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number have been discussed and are presented in a tabular form. The findings demonstrated that increasing the Reynolds number causes a rise in the fluid temperature and velocity. The fluid velocity decreases as the Hartmann number and the weight of the obstacle increase but increases with increasing Grashof numbers. The temperature of the fluid increases as the radiation parameter, or Eckert number, increases, but decreases as the Prandtl number increases. As the Soret number rises, so do the fluid’s temperature and concentration distribution. With an increase in the unsteadiness parameter, the fluid velocity and the concentration distribution decrease, whereas the opposite is seen in temperature. As the Schmidt number, the concentration Grashof number, and the chemical reaction parameter increase, the fluid’s concentration decreases. There is an increase in skin-friction coefficient with increasing Prandtl number, Eckert number, Soret number, thermal Grashof number, concentration Grashof number, thermal radiation parameter, Hartmann number, and unsteadiness parameter, while a decrease is observed with increasing Reynolds number. The Nusselt number increases with an increase in the Prandtl number, Eckert number, thermal radiation parameter, Hartmann number, and unsteadiness parameter. A slight decrease in the Nusselt number has been observed with increasing thermal Grashof number. The Sherwood number decreases with increasing Prandtl number, chemical reaction parameter, and thermal radiation parameter but increases with increasing Schmidt number, Eckert number, and Soret number. The research has the potential for a wide range of applications including but not limited to the medical field and other physical sciences.
... The mechanism of heat transport in water/Cu and water/Ag between converging/ diverging channel by implementing Least Square Method and thermal radiation, magnetic field effects in the presence of stretching/shrinking effects of the walls reported in Usman et al., 9 Dogonchi and Ganji, 10 respectively. Latest significant investigation regarding heat transport between converging/diverging channel (Akinshilo et al. 11 ) under varying physical constraints like porous media effects, internal heat generation/absorption, the dynamics of blood suspended by nanoparticles 12 inside the channel with flexible walls, analytical treatment of heat transfer model through ADM, 13 and different nanofluids prepared by variety of nanoparticles and host solvent with different characteristics are examined by Ullah et al. 14 and Kumar et al., 15 respectively. The researchers concluded that the hybrid nanoliquids have unique heat transport mechanism and very useful for future applications. ...
Applications
The interaction of nanoparticles and base solvents of different nature attained much interest of the researchers in the recent time. These use in medication, detection of cancer cells, applied thermal engineering, and electrical and mechanical engineering. Among the broad range of applications, investigation of nanofluid through converging/diverging channel is important which is of much interest in the field of medical sciences.
Purpose and methodology
The core purpose of this study is to introduce a new heat transfer model for two natures of nanofluids with bi host solvents. The model in hand achieved through nanofluid expressions, similarity equations and induction of novel dissipation effects. At later stage, numerical treatment is performed to explore the actual behaviour of nanofluids inside the oblique walls which is very important.
Core findings
From the drawn results, it is found that the motion could be controlled by expanding the channel walls ([Formula: see text]) and high Re and in Al 2 O 3 -H 2 O it is optimum. The nanofluids based on Al 2 O 3 and C 2 H 6 O 2 have much ability to transmit heat than the other nanofluids. Moreover, dissipation effects ([Formula: see text]) played significant role and boosted the temperature while keeping [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Also, the study is validated and achieved good agreement between existing and the current study.
... Adnan et al. [20] investigated the flow of Cu-water and Cu-kerosene oil through two Riga plates, taking into account surface convection and radiation effects. Zaka Ullah et al. [21] studied the flow of a hybrid nanofluid in a diverging and a converging channel. The effects of ramped temperature, ramped concentration, chemical reaction, heat production, and magnetic force on Casson nanofluid flow via a conduit were studied by Sadiq et al. [22]. ...
In this study, the natural convection nanofluids flow through a channel formed by two vertical parallel plates having distance d between them has been examined under the influence of the ramped velocity. Sodium alginate is considered as base fluid, and nanoparticles of titania ( TiO 2 ) and alumina ( Al 2 O 3 ) are added to it. Analytical and semianalytical results for temperature and velocity profiles are obtained with Laplace transform and inverse Laplace algorithms (Tzou, Stehfest, Talbot, Honig and Hirdes, and Fourier series), respectively. Furthermore, the impacts of nanoparticles, Prendtl number, heat absorption, and time on velocity and temperature are drawn graphically and discussed. The outcomes show that the high thermal conductivity of particles increases the temperatures, and the high density of particles decreases the velocities of the nanofluids. The current findings are compared to previous findings in the literature. In the tables, the effect of volume fraction on Nusselt numbers and skin frictions is explored.
... Akgül et al. [44][45][46][47][48][49] presented different novel technique for investigating fractional differential equations including the Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative. The relevant and latest literature can be seen as [50][51][52]. ...
The hybrid nanofluid is extensively used in manufacturing commercial applications due to its high exceptional capacity to increase the heat transfer rate. As a result, in the existence of nonlinear convection, the hybrid nanofluid is considered to flow on an inclined plane. The nonlinear convection has many applications in real life and is more relevant to the natural flow avoiding the flow restrictions. The focus has been executed on the thermal and mass Grashof numbers to analyse the fluid motion in the presence of these parameters for nonlinear nature. Moreover, the hybrid nanofluid flow analysis has been done to investigate the heat transfer analysis. The modelled equations are solved through an analytical approach. The heat and mass transfer rates and drag force are calculated under the influence of various physical parameters. The new parameter of the Grashof numbers improves the fluid motion for its larger values, and consequently, the fluid rapidly falls down from the inclined plane. The obtained outputs show that hybrid nanofluids are more effective in heat transfer analysis as compared to other conventional fluids.
... Various fluid parameters are used to compute the total entropy generation rate. Few investigators investigation is offered in (see Refs. [29][30][31][32][33]). ...
The entropy production by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transport of non-Newtonian Carreau nanofluids through an irregular (converging/diverging) channel is addressed in this theoretical study. The second law of thermodynamics is employed to examine fluid flow, heat, and mass transport characteristics along with entropy generation arising within the system by incorporating the Buongiorno model for nanofluids. The Carreau nanofluids flowing across narrow and extending channels are modeled using the basic transport equations of continuity, momentum, energy, concentration, and entropy generation. Here, individual terms from the entropy transport equation are employed to study entropy accumulation and dissipation together within a flow. The transmuted equations are resolved via the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg technique and shooting quadrature in MATLAB software. The flow velocity, temperature, concentration, entropy generation rate, and Bejan profiles are evaluated and sketched graphically at various flow parameters. It's worth mentioning that the system's entropy generation grows along the diverse channel walls. Moreover, another important outcome of this analysis is that the rate of entropy formation increases as the Brinkmann number is estimated higher. This research could have substantial implications in high-temperature electronic devices, mechanical structures, heat exchangers, medical treatment, to mention a few.
