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-a-c. Contamination level in leaves and stems samples of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum -a. of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms; b. of molds and yeasts; c. of total coliforms. Statistical significance was determined using the MannWhitney U test (***: p < 0.001; ****: p < 0.0001).
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The chemical profile of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum has been indicated as the botanical origin of Brazilian red propolis, an apicultural product with proven therapeutic properties. However, few studies have investigated this plant species. This study evaluated and compared microbiological quality, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of stem...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... seen in Figure 1, the total colonyforming unit count for the mesophilic aerobic microorganisms (ranging to 9x10 3 to 2x10 5 cfu.g -1 ), molds and yeasts (ranging to 2×10 2 to 3×10 4 cfu.g -1 ) (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.00001), were significantly higher in the stems than in the leaves of D. ecastaphyllum. Plants normally have a microbial load from the soil, water and air; however, as the stem is located in a more shaded and moist area of the plant, it has more favorable conditions for the proliferation of microorganisms (Huang et al. 2012). ...
Citations
... Among these constituents are formononetin, daidzein, biochanin A, quercetin, and naringenin. [43][44][45][46] Red propolis produced in the RN state shows higher concentrations of the main biomarkers. These constituents are associated with several bioactive properties. ...
In this paper, we report the characterization of Brazilian red propolis from two origins. The commercial value of this product is due to its composition and bioactivity, which depend on geographical factors. Total and individual phenolic, antioxidant, and medium infrared spectroscopic (MIR) characterization of 72 red propolis samples from two origins (Bahia (BA) and Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil) were performed. Samples from RN showed higher concentrations of biomarkers. The BA samples showed higher antioxidant capacity despite having lower concentrations of the red propolis biomarker molecules when compared to the RN samples. The MIRS showed differences regarding the origin. The principal component analysis confirmed the differences, generating well-defined groups. Linear discriminant analysis or discriminant analysis and and partial least squares discriminant analysis showed excellent model performance. The models with MIRS data from raw propolis have a high correct classification rate and require no sample preparation. These findings can affect red propolis production, boosting sustainable extractivism, and changing the reality of small communities.
... Through chemical characterization and quantification of red propolis compounds made by Aldana-Mejía et al. (2021a) [23] and Aldana-Mejía et al. (2021b) [24], three major molecules were identified: vestitol, medicarpin, and neovestitol. All of them are isoflavonoids found both in propolis and in Dalbergia ecastaphyllum branches [37]. Isoflavonoid derivatives are also found in high concentrations in the Fabaceae genera for their defensive properties to these plants;. ...
Skin wound healing is a complex process that requires the mutual work of cellular and molecular agents to promote tissue restoration. In order to improve such a process, especially in cases of impaired healing (e.g., diabetic ulcer, chronic wounds), there is a search for substances with healing properties and low toxicity: two features that some natural products-such as the bee product named propolis-exhibit. Propolis is a resinous substance obtained from plant resins and exudates with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral activities, among other biological ones. Based on the previously reported healing actions of different types of propolis, the Brazilian red propolis (BRP) was tested for this matter. A skin wound excision model in male Wistar rats was performed using two topical formulations with 1% red propolis as treatments: hydroalcoholic extract and Paste. Macroscopical, histological and immunohistochemical analysis were performed, revealing that red propolis enhanced wound contraction, epithelialization, reduced crust formation, and modulated the distribution of healing associated factors, mainly collagen I, collagen III, MMP-9, TGF-β3 and VEGF. Biochemical analysis with the antioxidants SOD, MPO, GSH and GR showed that propolis acts similarly to the positive control, collagenase, increasing these molecules' activity. These results suggest that BRP promotes enhanced wound healing by modulating growth factors and antioxidant molecules related to cutaneous wound healing.
... Species of Dalbergia are shrubs, trees, and woody climbers (lianas), and are recognized by their non-woody, indehiscent samaroid fruits, 5-lobed calyces and basifixed anthers that are usually dehiscent via small transverse slits (Baretta-Kuipers 1971, Lachenaud& Van der Messen 2016. Numerous arborescent species are known to form durable and beautiful coloured heartwood (Prain 1904, de Carvantes et al. 1997, Bosser & Rabevohitra 2002, Carvantes et al. 2019, high-quality furniture and musical instruments (Barrett et al. 2010), as well as medicine (Lucas et al. 2020, Zhao et al. 2020. Recent phylogenetic analyses using DNA sequence data (Lavin et al. 2001) Typification is an important starting point for taxonomic research and nomenclatural stability. ...
Nomenclatural types for nine names belonging to the genus Dalbergia are designated here. The following names are lectotypified: D. boniana Gagnep., D. cana Graham ex Kurz, D. cavaleriei H.Lév., D. kerrii Craib, D. mimosoides Franch., D. parviflora Roxb., D. rimosa Roxb., D. stenophylla Prain, and D. thorelii Gagnep.
... In addition, D. ecastaphyllum stem demonstrated antioxidant activity by the physical method, associated with radical scavenging (DPPH [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl]), and the chemical method, based on the transfer of hydrogen atoms (β-carotene/linoleic acid system). [43] Therefore, the antioxidant action of the constituents of DEHE might be involved in the observed antigenotoxic effect. In this context, it is noteworthy the isoflavones isoliquiritigenin and formononetin present in the DEHE exhibited a protective effect against chemically induced hepatotoxicity via activation of the Nrf2 (nuclear erythroidrelated factor 2) antioxidative defense system. ...
Objectives:
Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub. is a semi-prostrate species associated with estuaries, mangroves and dunes. This plant species has great ecological and economic importance, especially concerning apiculture pasture and Brazilian red propolis production. In this study, non-clinical toxicological evaluations of the hydroalcoholic extract of D. ecastaphyllum stems (DEHE), the resin production source, were conducted. In addition, the action of DEHE on genomic instability and colon carcinogenesis was investigated.
Methods and results:
The extract's chemical profile was analysed by HPLC, and medicarpin, vestitol and neovestitol were found as major compounds. DEHE showed an IC50 equivalent to 373.2 µg/ml and LC50 equal 24.4 mg/L, when evaluated using the XTT colorimetric test and the zebrafish acute toxicity assay, respectively. DEHE was neither genotoxic nor cytotoxic at the highest dose, 2000 mg/kg, by peripheral blood micronucleus test. The treatments DEHE (6 and 24 mg/kg) led to the reduction of micronuclei induced by doxorubicin (DXR) in mice. Furthermore, significantly higher serum levels of reduced glutathione were observed in animals treated with DEHE plus DXR, revealing an antioxidant effect. Treatments with DEHE (48 mg/kg) led to a significant reduction in pre-neoplastic lesions induced by the 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) carcinogen in the rat colon. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly lower levels of expression of COX-2 (86%) and PCNA (83%) in the colon of rats treated with DEHE plus DMH, concerning those treated with the carcinogen.
Conclusions:
These results indicate the involvement of anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative pathways in the protective effect of DEHE.
... Those findings confirmed the results obtained earlier [49], where red propolis and D. ecastaphyllum extracts were analyzed by HPLC. Another recent study [50] evaluated and compared the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and microbiological quality of extracts obtained from stem and leaf samples of D. ecastaphyllum. Gas-liquid chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was used for fatty acid profile determination, total phenolics and flavonoids were determined spectrophotometrically, following consecrated methods. ...
... Bettencourt et al. (2015) [62] correlated the radical scavenging activity (IC 50 ) and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values and the relative content of all identified metabolites, including the total phenolic compounds, presented in green Brazilian propolis, and they concluded that lower IC 50 and MIC values were associated with higher antioxidant and antibacterial activities ( Table 2). [78], analyzing the red Brazilian propolis states that the highest antibacterial activity is registered during the rainy season (from January to May in Brazil), and in this period the highest concentration of vestitol, neovestitol, and isoliquiritigenin is recorded, too. ...
... The gastric protective effect and anti-ulcer activity of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Brazilian green propolis were demonstrated [121], using models of acute gastric lesions induced by ethanol, indomethacin, and stress in rats. Animals pretreated with propolis hydro-alcoholic crude extract (50,250, and 500 mg/kg) showed a significant reduction in lesion index, the total affected area, and the percentage of the lesion, the results of which are similar to those obtained for vegetal B. dracunculifolia extracts [37]. At the highest tested dose (500 mg/kg), green propolis extract demonstrated significant anti-ulcer protection by reducing the evaluated parameters in the gastric ulceration. ...
Nowadays, propolis is used as a highly valuable product in alternative medicine for improving health or treating a large spectrum of pathologies, an ingredient in pharmaceutical products, and also as a food additive. Different vegetal materials are collected by honeybees and mixed with wax and other own substances in order to obtain the final product, called propolis. It is known as the bee product with the widest chemical composition due to the raw material collected by the bees. Different types are known worldwide: green Brazilian propolis (having Baccharis dracunculifolia as the major plant source), red Brazilian propolis (from Dalbergia ecastophyllum), European propolis (Populus nigra L.), Russian propolis (Betula verrucosa Ehrh), Cuban and Venezuelan red propolis (Clusia spp.), etc. An impressive number of scientific papers already demonstrate the pharmacological potential of different types of propolis, the most important activities being the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. However, the bioactive compounds responsible for each activity have not been fully elucidated. This review aims to collect important data about the chemical composition and bioactive properties of the vegetal sources and to compare with the chemical composition of respective propolis types, in order to determine the connection between the floral source and the propolis properties.
Consumers increasingly prefer and seek functional beverages, which, given their characteristics , provide important bioactive compounds that help prevent and treat chronic diseases. Mead is a traditional fermented alcoholic beverage made from honey solution. The aging process of mead with oak chips is innovative and bestows functional characteristics to this beverage. Thus, in this study, we sought to develop and characterize a novel functional beverage by combining the health benefits of honey with the traditional aging process of alcoholic beverages in wood. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity were analyzed in mead using oak chips at different toasting levels and aged for 360 days. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was used to analyze the chemical profile of different meads. Over time, the aging process with oak chips showed a higher total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity. Nineteen compounds belonging to the classes of organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins were identified in meads after 360 days. Our findings revealed that the addition of oak chips during aging contributed to p-coumaric, ellagic, abscisic, and chlorogenic acids, and naringenin, vanillin, and tyrosine significantly impacted the functional quality of mead.
Cyanobacteria are rich in phytochemicals, which have beneficial impacts on the prevention of many diseases. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize phytochemicals and evaluate multifunctional bioactivities in the ethanolic extract of the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. KC45. Results found that the extract mainly contained chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids. Through LC–ESI–QTOF–MS/MS analysis, 38 phenolic compounds with promising bioactivities were discovered, and a higher diversity of flavonoids was found among the phenolic compounds identified. The extract effectively absorbed the harmful UV rays and showed high antioxidant activity on DPPH, ABTS, and PFRAP. The extract yielded high-efficiency inhibitory effects on enzymes (tyrosinase, collagenase, ACE, and α-glucosidase) related to diseases. Interestingly, the extract showed a strong cytotoxic effect on cancer cells (skin A375, lung A549, and colon Caco-2), but had a much smaller effect on normal cells, indicating a satisfactory level of safety for the extract. More importantly, the combination of the DNA ladder assay and the TUNEL assay proved the appearance of DNA fragmentation in cancer cells after a 48 h treatment with the extract, confirming the apoptosis mechanisms. Our findings suggest that cyanobacterium extract could be potentially used as a functional ingredient for various industrial applications in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals.
