Fig 1 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Content may be subject to copyright.
(a) Schematic of magnetoelectric sensor and (b) Screen printed magnetoelectric sensor.
Source publication
A novel screen printed and flexible magnetoelectric (ME) thin film sensor was developed for the detection of AC magnetic fields, at room temperature. The ME sensor was fabricated by screen printing piezoelectric based polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ink on flexible and magnetic Metglas® substrate. Silver (Ag), as top electrode, was then deposited on...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... ME sensor was designed with an overall dimension of 30×6×0.052 mm and consists of three layers: flexible Metglas ® , PVDF and Ag ( Fig. 1(a)). PVDF ink was screen printed, as piezoelectric layer, on the Metglas ® substrate followed by curing at 130°C for 5 hours. Then, Ag ink was bar coated on the printed PVDF layer as top electrode, and cured at 120°C for 20 minutes. The printed PVDF layer was poled by applying an electric field of 80 V/µm for 2 hours. The fabricated ME ...
Context 2
... ink was screen printed, as piezoelectric layer, on the Metglas ® substrate followed by curing at 130°C for 5 hours. Then, Ag ink was bar coated on the printed PVDF layer as top electrode, and cured at 120°C for 20 minutes. The printed PVDF layer was poled by applying an electric field of 80 V/µm for 2 hours. The fabricated ME sensor is shown in Fig. 1(b). The total thickness of the PVDF layer and Metglas ® substrate was measured to be 28.06 µm, using a Bruker Contour GT-K profilometer (Fig. ...
Citations
... The fabrication method of ME composite has always been the focus of researchers. To overcome the rigid and brittle problem and open up new applications, the flexible and brittle ME composite materials based on piezoelectric polymers, such as nano-composite materials, polymers as binder, and laminate composite materials, have been studied [109][110][111]. Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymer show great potential due to its high piezoelectric coefficient, good stability, low loss, low processing temperature, and good flexibility, and attract more and more attention. ...
... In recent years, the printing process has been used to develop flexible electronic devices and sensors that are cost-effective and lightweight. Chlaihawi et al. prepared a novel ME thin film sensor on a flexible and magnetic Metglas substrate by silk-printing PVDF as a piezoelectric layer, which can be used for the detection of AC magnetic field at room temperature [110]. ...
With the merits of high sensitivity, high stability, high flexibility, low cost, and simple manufacturing, flexible magnetic field sensors have potential applications in various fields such as geomagnetosensitive E-Skins, magnetoelectric compass, and non-contact interactive platforms. Based on the principles of various magnetic field sensors, this paper introduces the research progress of flexible magnetic field sensors, including the preparation, performance, related applications, etc. In addition, the prospects of flexible magnetic field sensors and their challenges are presented.
... These sensors have been used in different forms, including piezoelectric sensors, piezoresistive sensors, photodetectors, temperature sensors, gas sensors, and CMOS sensors [82]. Some of the major areas where these sensors are used are medical [83,84], industrial [85,86], and other automotive [87,88] applications. For example, recently some of the major key players, such as Canatu, Fujifilm, ISORG, Interlink Electronics, etc, had a meeting related to the growth of the market in printed flexible sensors in the global scenario [89]. ...
In the sensing world flexible sensors have proven to be a much better option in
comparison to their counterparts. These flexible sensors have a dynamic range in
terms of their electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics, which have been
exploited in various forms for different kinds of applications. The utilization of
printing technology to enhance the quality of flexible sensors has been revolutionary
in the field of microelectronics. The attributes of printed flexible sensing prototypes
have certain advantages that allow their deployment for multifunctional applications.
This chapter deals with the fabrication of printed flexible sensors via
highlighting some of the challenges of the fabrication techniques and possible
corresponding solutions. The fabrication techniques include some of the major
methodologies such as screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, and flexographic
printing, which have been used over the years to produce optimized printed
flexible sensors. The conclusions are presented in the final section of the chapter.
... To tackle the above-mentioned bonding issues, thin-film technologies are adopted to deposit the two phases in the ME composite, which enables a more desirable bonding condition and hence improves the ME coupling coefficient. The mostly used soft magnetic materials for magnetostrictive phase include FeGa [129], FeCoSiB [130] and FeGaB [131], while the piezoelectric phase is typically AlN [132], PZT [129] and PVDF [133]. The frequency conversion technique was first proposed by Jahns [134] and was widely adopted [135], [136] to expand the operating frequency range of the ME sensor, particularly in the low frequency regime. ...
As the rapid development of integrated magnetic and magnetoelectric, numerous novel devices including high performance on-chip transformers, inductors, filters, antennas, and sensors with unique advantages in power efficiency, size and tunability, etc. have been demonstrated. In this review, an overview of the development of magnetism and magnetoelectric will be firstly given. The conceptual illustration and materials used in integrated magnetoelectric will then be presented. Selections of on-chip devices from literatures will be shown to exemplify the integrated magnetic and magnetoelectric applications. Finally, the prospect and the direction of the future research will be discussed in the conclusion.
... Some of the advantages of the printing process are the low cost of the sensors, high-quality sensors in terms of sensitivity and robustness, high customization of the prototypes, and the ability to form biocompatible sensors that can be used for the detection of critical parameters physiologically and anatomically. A few of the printing processes are screen printing [67,68], inkjet printing [31,69], gravure printing [70,71], laser-ablation [72,73] and 3D printing [74,75]. Among them, laser-induction or laser-ablation process has been state-of-the-art in the field of microelectronics to design and develop sensors for different applications [76][77][78][79]. ...
This paper deals with recent progress in the use of laser-induced graphene sensors for the electrochemical detection of glucose molecules. The exponential increase in the exploitation of the laser induction technique to generate porous graphene from polymeric and other naturally occurring materials has provided a podium for researchers to fabricate flexible sensors with high dynamicity. These sensors have been employed largely for electrochemical applications due to their distinct advantages like high customization in their structural dimensions, enhanced characteristics and easy roll-to-roll production. These laser-induced graphene (LIG)-based sensors have been employed for a wide range of sensorial applications, including detection of ions at varying concentrations. Among the many pivotal electrochemical uses in the biomedical sector, the use of these prototypes to monitor the concentration of glucose molecules is constantly increasing due to the essentiality of the presence of these molecules at specific concentrations in the human body. This paper shows a categorical classification of the various uses of these sensors based on the type of materials involved in the fabrication of sensors. The first category constitutes examples where the electrodes have been functionalized with various forms of copper and other types of metallic nanomaterials. The second category includes other miscellaneous forms where the use of both pure and composite forms of LIG-based sensors has been shown. Finally, the paper concludes with some of the possible measures that can be taken to enhance the use of this technique to generate optimized sensing prototypes for a wider range of applications.
... By producing P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO 3 composites through a solvent casting method, Mayeen et al. [89] reported a ME voltage coefficient of 18.2 mV·cm −1 ·Oe −1 suitable for energy storage, harvesting, energy conversion. By depositing a PVDF solution of a Metglas substrate a ME voltage coefficient of 686 mV·cm −1 ·Oe −1 was obtained, that was used on a magnetic sensor with a sensitivity of 503.3 V·T −1 and correlation coefficient of 0.9994 [90]. ...
Magnetoelectric (ME) materials composed of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases have been the subject of decades of research due to their versatility and unique capability to couple the magnetic and electric properties of the matter. While these materials are often studied from a fundamental point of view, the 4.0 revolution (automation of traditional manufacturing and industrial practices, using modern smart technology) and the Internet of Things (IoT) context allows the perfect conditions for this type of materials being effectively/finally implemented in a variety of advanced applications. This review starts in the era of Rontgen and Curie and ends up in the present day, highlighting challenges/directions for the time to come. The main materials, configurations, ME coefficients, and processing techniques are reported.
... Various antennas have been fabricated on flexible polyimide and polymer platforms [17][18][19][20], using screen printing, inkjet printing, and gravure printing processes, as well as on glass and lithium niobate using lithography-based processes [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. These methods involve longer preparation and fabrication times as well as the use of chemicals, along with high curing temperatures [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. The drawbacks associated with conventional fabrication processes can be overcome by using laser machining, which has been used extensively for cutting various materials for different applications [37][38][39]. ...
Design and rapid prototyping of a tunable and compact microstrip antenna for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band applications is presented in this paper. Laser machining is introduced as a fast and accurate method for the antenna fabrication. The antenna, with an overall dimension of 65 × 46 × 0.127 mm, was fabricated by sandwiching a flexible Kapton polyimide substrate, with a dielectric constant of 3.5, between two flexible copper tapes, as the radiating patch and ground plane, respectively. The radiating patch was patterned in a meander configuration, with three slots, demonstrating the capability to reduce the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna from 2.4 GHz to 900 MHz, without increasing the overall size of the antenna (87% compact). The effect of mechanical stress on the antenna performance was investigated by performing bend and stretch tests. The antenna was subjected to compressive bend with a minimum radius of curvature of 86 mm and 150 mm along the x- axis and y- axis which resulted in a maximum increase of resonant frequency by 3.1% and 1.3%, respectively. Similarly, the antenna was subjected to tensile bend with a minimum radius of curvature of 79 mm and 162 mm along the x- axis and y- axis which resulted in a maximum decrease of the resonant frequency by 4.2% and 0.3%, respectively. An overall 0.9% decrease in the resonant frequency was measured for an applied strain of 0.09% during stretching the antenna along the y-axis.
... Various antennas have been fabricated on flexible Kapton and polymer platforms [17][18][19][20], using screen printing, inkjet printing, and gravure printing processes, as well as on glass and Lithium niobate using lithography based processes [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. These methods involve longer preparation and fabrication times as well as the use of chemicals, along with high curing temperatures needed for printing method [28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The drawbacks associated with conventional fabrication processes can be overcome by using laser machining, which has been used extensively for cutting various materials for different applications [35][36][37][38][39]. ...
... Flexible hybrid electronics has recently received much attention due to its potential use in a wide range of applications such as smart textiles, soft robotics, wearable electronics, and structural health monitoring [1-10]. Typically, printing processes such as inkjet, flexo, screen, and Gravure have been used for the fabrication of printed electronics based sensory devices [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. These techniques are subject to mechanical failure due to the lack of compatibility of the functional ink and polymer substrates during stretched conditions [18][19][20][21]. ...
... Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) is an emerging technology area that is focusing on the development of electronic devices for the wearable industry. FHE based devices have been developed using conventional additive print manufacturing processes including screen, inkjet, flexo and gravure printing S 978-1-5386-4707-3/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. However, these processes often involve longer preparation and fabrication times as well as the use of chemicals, along with high curing temperature requirements. ...
