Figure - available from: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
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a Real impedance vs. frequency plot, b imaginary impedance vs. frequency plot of PVDF/SHF polymer composites
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In the present communication polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/strontium hexaferrite (SHF) composite films were fabricated by the solution casting technique, taking 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 7.5 wt%, and 10 wt% of SHF particles. The inorganic phase SHF was synthesized by the sol–gel auto combustion technique using urea as fuel and ethylene glycol as a surface dir...
Citations
... The most important applications of photodetector, being the component of the certain device for information transmission, are in-flame sensing [391], missile approach warning system [392], optical communications [393][394][395], and sensor imaging [396][397][398][399]. [387]. Adapted with permission from [387]. ...
The review unveils the diverse applications of concerted polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-carbon nanomaterial (CNM) systems, spanning from electromagnetic interference shielding, including elimination of 5G-interference, to piezoelectrics and a variety of sensing modalities (breathing, movement, health monitoring, structural integrity assessments, home monitoring, and seismic acceleration). These materials also excel in biomaterials with applications like tactile skin and COVID-preventing facemasks through sunlight sterilization. Moreover, PVDF-CNMs demonstrate excellence in radar absorption, solar-assisted electricity generation, triboelectric energy harvesting, 3D-4D printing materials, anti-icing covers, anti-stealth materials, and heat-dissipating solids in electronics. Across diverse scientific disciplines, the research merges materials chemistry and engineering, yielding materials with multimodal functionalities. The demand for a comprehensive review stems from the need to synthesize insights from fundamental sciences and technologies, capturing the cutting-edge nature of these materials.
... and 15%wt. of SbSI, a clear lack of response stability is evident, depicted by relatively significant voltage peaks. The amplitudes of these peaks are also affected by distinct signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), attributed to the varied impedance properties of the tested materials [55]. Additionally, this phenomenon results from the differing mechanical properties, which are visibly discernible in Figure 9, particularly at the lowest excitation frequency of 100 Hz. ...
This study investigates the piezoelectric and piezotronic properties of a novel composite material comprising polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and antimony sulphoiodide (SbSI) nanowires. The material preparation method is detailed, showcasing its simplicity and reproducibility. The material’s electrical resistivity, piezoelectric response, and energy-harvesting capabilities are systematically analyzed under various deflection conditions and excitation frequencies. The piezoelectric response is characterized by the generation of charge carriers in the material due to mechanical strain, resulting in voltage output. The fundamental phenomena of charge generation, along with their influence on the material’s resistivity, are proposed. Dynamic strain testing reveals the composite’s potential as a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG), converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Comparative analyses highlight the composite’s power density advantages, thereby demonstrating its potential for energy-harvesting applications. This research provides insights into the interplay between piezoelectric and piezotronic phenomena in nanocomposites and their applicability in energy-harvesting devices.
... As shown in the Fig. 4(b) yellow solid lines (Table 1) contains the value of A, n, and σ 0 determined by the non-linear fitting data using equation-2 for the PMMA-BFO-PDB composite films. According to the Jonscher's, the relationship n < 1 reveals that the translational motion is localized and n = 1 for an ideal capacitor [39,40]. However the correlation n > 1 shows that the motion is localized. ...
An extraordinarily high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss PMMA-BFO-PDB composite
material was developed by mixing poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) as the polymer matrix,
bismuth ferrite (BFO), and polystyrene 2% divinyl benzene (PDB) as fillers using the solution
casting process. The surface morphology analysis demonstrations the PDB particle uniformly
dispersed in the PMMA matrix. The frequency dependent dielectric and electrical characteristics
of the PMMA-BFO-PDB composite films on various weight percentages of PDB contents and wide
range of frequency at room temperature were investigated. It is observed that the maximum
dielectric constant of the PMMA-BFO-PDB composites was achieved around ≈ 108 and similarly
dielectric loss factor of just about ≈ 1 for 20 wt% of PDB contents at 102 Hz. In addition, the
PMMA-BFO-PDB composite achieved a dielectric constant of 108 at 102 Hz, which is 21 times
higher than that of the pure PMMA matrix. PMMA-BFO-PDB composite films may be used as a
high performance dielectric in future energy storage devices, such as high storage capacitors
... Among the materials used for EM wave shielding, the M− type hexagonal ferrites have a magnetoplumbite structure displayed as a sequence of hexagonal and spinel blocks, alternating along the c axis and containing a large number of Fe 3+ ions on the crystallographic lattice sites [4]. Hexaferrites have received great attention due to their magnetic properties, excellent chemical stability, large anisotropy field, considerable saturation magnetization, great permeability, magnetic resonance frequency, high coercivity, electronic and catalyst properties [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, the pure M− type hexaferrites (BaFe 12 O 19 , SrFe 12 O 19 , and Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Fe 12 O 19 ) have high a magnetic resonance frequency (about 47 GHz) to control the shift in the frequency of the microwave absorption for the applications in the frequency range of 8-18 GHz; so, doping other elements such as Co +2 , W +4 ,Ce-Nd, Sn 4+ and Al +3 and etc. into M− type hexaferrite has been conisdered [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. ...
Cu/Zr-doped barium strontium hexaferrite/poly (O-toluidine) nanocomposites (Ba0.5Sr0.5CuxZrxFe12-2xO19/POT) (BSCZH/POT) (X= 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) were synthesized by the in-situ polymerization of O-toluidine in the presence of BSCZH as electromagnetic shields in the Ku-Band (12-18 GHz) frequency ranges. The Rietveld refinement, according to the X-ray diffraction analysis results, showed that the prepared samples possessed a single-phase with the space group of P63/mmc; also, the lattice parameter constant (a) was 5.898(Å) for the pure Ba0.5 Sr0.5 Fe12O19 nanoparticle (x=0); further, the value of the lattice constant (a) was increased to 5.918(Å) for BSCZH (x=0.8) with raising the concentration of the dopant. A decrement in the saturation magnetization of BSCZH/POT, as compared to BSCZH in the VSM analysis, indicated that the synthesized polymer was immobilized on the surface of hexaferrite nanoparticles. TEM analysis also demonstrated the core-shell structure of the nanocomposites, thus corroborating that the nanoparticles were coated via the in-situ polymerization of O-toluidine on the surface of nanoparticles. VNA analysis also revealed that the BSCZH/POT nanocomposite with the thickness of 2mm had the highest microwave absorption of about 90% (the reflection loss value of -27.63 dB at 16.32 GHz) for BSCZH/POT (X=0.2), as compared to the other samples in the Ku-Band (12–18 GHz) frequency ranges. The results, therefore, indicated that the newly synthesized nanocomposite could be used as an efficient EMI shield against electromagnetic pollution.
Azine‐based monomer and its three oligoesters were synthesized, characterized with IR, UV, GC‐MS, GPC, ¹H NMR, ¹³C{1H} NMR, ³¹P NMR and applied to chemosensor applications. In the chemosensor study, fluorophores show selective and sensitive responses with Fe²⁺ ions in the DMF/H2O solution (1 : 1, pH: 7.4, fluorophore: 5 μM). The quenching of fluorescence intensity with the addition of Fe²⁺ ion gives the correlation coefficient (R²) value above 0.99286, exhibiting good binding stoichiometry nature of fluorophores with Fe²⁺ than the oligoesters. The high detecting capability of oligoesters is further ascertained by its higher LOD than the monomer (5.05×10⁻⁷). The binding constant values of fluorophores obtained from the Benesi‐Hildebrand plot show that the oligoesters have a higher binding ability (1.0012–1.0025 M⁻¹) with Fe²⁺ ion than the monomer (1.0011 M⁻¹). The conductivity nature of the oligoester gradually increased with the contact time of iodine. After 96hr of iodine doping, EMDAP exhibits higher conductivity (1.98×10⁻³ Scm⁻¹) than the other oligoesters due to higher electron‐density nitrogen atoms in the structure. The EMDOP shows high dielectric constant value because of its π‐π interaction, loosely attached π electrons and high dipole moment values. All these experimental results are validated with the theoretical (DFT) approach by optimizing the structure of the fluorophore with B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level basis set. The DFT approach also explains the mechanism of fluorescence quenching and the exact binding sites of fluorophores with Fe²⁺ ions.
With the fast growth of wireless communication technology in high‐frequency ranges, electromagnetic (EM) interference has become a growing concern that has drawn international attention. The development of materials that can absorb EM radiation is a crucial solution. This review provides a detailed overview of ferrites, specifically hexagonal ferrites and their composites for microwave (MW) absorption. It examines hexagonal ferrite classifications based on the stacking order of their fundamental blocks and their synthesis methods and strategies for improving their magnetic properties. On the other hand, this review included a detailed examination of hexagonal ferrites–conducting polymer, hexagonal ferrites–2D materials, and hexagonal ferrite–other nanomaterials composites for MW absorption applications. Enhancing MW absorption in hexagonal ferrites‐based microwave absorption materials (MAMs) regulates their EM characteristics, improves impedance matching, and creates a diversity of loss mechanisms. In addition, the limitations, challenges, and opportunities of hexagonal ferrites‐based MAMs are discussed, which will be helpful to those working in related areas. As a general application potential, it is worth mentioning that, as a result of recent promising findings in the synthesis of hexagonal ferrites‐based composites, hexaferrite‐based composites are suitable devices in the area of microwave absorption. This article discusses the types of hexagonal ferrite, their synthesis methods, and strategies for enhancing their magnetic properties. It summarizes the microwave absorption properties of the hexagonal ferrites–conducting polymer, hexagonal ferrites–2D materials, and hexagonal ferrite–other nanomaterial composites according to the reports of different researchers. Improving impedance matching and loss mechanisms improves the microwave absorption of hexagonal ferrites‐based composites.
