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(a) Preoperative intraoral photo; (b) stereolithographic model and reconstructive plate; (c) postoperative TC scan.
Source publication
This article documents four mandibular reconstructions performed using free fibula flaps. CT scan DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunication in Medicine) files were obtained in order to print stereolithographic models of the mandible, and in one case cutting guides for fibular osteotomies. One case study details the treatment a cancer recurrence on a...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... miniplates were used to fix the superior segment to the inferior segment. The postoperative CT scan shows a good bone apposition, an effective fixation by a reconstruction plate extended since the symphysis to the mandibular ramus. The next step is implant-prosthetic rehabilitation. This should aid chewing and provide a better aesthetic outcome (Fig. ...
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In this study, top ology optimized, patient specific os teosynthesis plates (TOPOS-implants) are evaluated for the mandibular reconstruction using fibula segments. These shape optimized implants are compared to a standard treatment with miniplates (thickness: 1.0 mm, titanium grade 4) in biomechanical testing using human cadaveric specimen. Mandibl...
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Background:
Due to the special anatomy morphology and physiological function of the mandible, it has always become a challenge to accurately reconstruct the mandibular defect in maxillofacial surgery. Digital three dimensions (3D) printing surgical guide, as the effective method for individual and accurate surgery, is a hotspot of clinical researc...
Following an oncological resection or trauma it may be necessary to reconstruct the normal anatomical and functional mandible structures to ensure the effective and complete social reintegration of patients. In most surgical procedures, reconstruction of the mandibular shape and its occlusal relationship is performed through the free fibula flap us...
Although the fibula free flap represents the gold standard for mandibular reconstructions, when implanted as a single barrel, this flap does not have the cross-sectional requisites to restore the native mandibular height, which is in turn required for the implant-supported dental rehabilitation of the patient. Our team has developed a design workfl...
Citations
... With technological advances, forensic scientists can reconstruct objects of investigation in 3D [13,[17][18][19]. Physical human mandible prototypes have been used for various purposes within dentistry, such as testing and improving implants, and maxillofacial surgical planning [20][21][22][23]. ...
The establishment of anthropometric measurements is of fundamental importance for the correct identification of human bodies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of two-dimensional craniometric landmarks obtained from three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstructions for forensic identification of humans. CBCT images with voxel sizes of 0.25, 0.3, and 0.4 mm were obtained using i-CAT® three-dimensional equipment. Ten landmarks were randomly selected, and ten measurements were demarcated in the three-dimensional reconstruction to evaluate the mandibular condyle, ramus, and body. This study demonstrated that protocols with voxels of 0.3 mm should be preferentially indicated for the evaluation of linear and angular measurements. Implementing our methodology using prototypes for clinical and forensic simulations allows comparisons with human databases in identification issues.
... At present, the virtual reconstruction and rapid prototyping of missing parts are mainly used in maxillofacial surgery, where the design of customized implants using CT-derived 3D models, combined with the development of new biocompatible materials and rapid prototyping technologies, has led to multiple advantages over traditional surgical techniques (Aimar et al., 2019;Chua et al., 2020;Giovacchini et al., 2021;Maglitto et al., 2021;Sandeep Kumar et al., 2018;Touri et al., 2019;Zhou et al., 2010). The ability to use and manipulate digital data from CT scans and form an exact replica of an osteo-archaeological object in different materials (resin, polylactic acid (PLA), acrilonitrilebutadiene-stirene (ABS), etc.) using RP technologies introduces a new dimension to modern osteology, restoration, and exhibition. ...
The reconstruction of the original morphology of bones and teeth after sampling for physicochemical (e.g., radiocarbon and uranium series dating, stable isotope analysis, paleohistology, trace element analysis) and biomolecular analyses (e.g., ancient DNA, paleoproteomics) is appropriate in many contexts and compulsory when dealing with fossil human remains. The reconstruction protocols available to date are mostly based on manual re-integration of removed portions and can lead to an imprecise recovery of the original morphology.
In this work, to restore the original external morphology of sampled teeth we used computed microtomography (microCT), reverse engineering (RE), computer-aided design (CAD) and rapid prototyping (RP) techniques to fabricate customized missing parts. The protocol was tested by performing the reconstruction of two Upper Palaeolithic human teeth from the archaeological excavations of Roccia San Sebastiano (Mondragone, Caserta, southern Italy) and Riparo I of Grotte Verdi di Pradis (Clauzetto, Pordenone, north-eastern Italy) (RSS2 and Pradis 1, respectively), which were sampled for physicochemical and biomolecular analyses.
It involved a composite procedure consisting in: a) the microCT scanning of the original specimens; b) sampling; c) the microCT scanning of the specimens after sampling; d) the reconstruction of the digital 3D surfaces of the specimens before and after sampling; e) the creation of digital models of the missing/sampled portions by subtracting the 3D images of the preserved portions (after the sampling) from the images of the intact specimens (before the sampling) by using reverse engineering techniques; f) the prototyping of the missing/sampled portions to be integrated; g) the painting and application of the prototypes through the use of compatible and reversible adhesives.
By following the proposed protocol, in addition to the fabrication of a physical element which is faithful to the original, it was possible to obtain a remarkable correspondence between the contact surfaces of the two portions (the original and the reconstructed one) without having to resort to any manipulation/adaptation of either element.
... At present, the virtual reconstruction and rapid prototyping of missing parts are mainly used in maxillofacial surgery, where the design of customized implants using CT-derived 3D models, combined with the development of new biocompatible materials and rapid prototyping technologies, has led to multiple advantages over traditional surgical techniques (Aimar et al., 2019;Chua et al., 2020;Giovacchini et al., 2021;Maglitto et al., 2021;Sandeep Kumar et al., 2018;Touri et al., 2019;Zhou et al., 2010). The ability to use and manipulate digital data from CT scans and form an exact replica of an osteo-archaeological object in different materials (resin, polylactic acid (PLA), acrilonitrilebutadiene-stirene (ABS), etc.) using RP technologies introduces a new dimension to modern osteology, restoration, and exhibition. ...
... In order to prevent periimplantitis it is important to examine the occurrence of periodontal pathogens after the implantation and after the prosthesis is placed. Equally important is the prevention of the formation of a bacterial biofilm on the surface of the implant (Catone & Alling, 1997). ...
The main objective of this article is to review the current developments in the field of dental implants and the elimination of periimplant inflammations and infections with the aid of dental lasers. The term laser is just an abbreviation of Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Lasers have been basically used in periodontal therapies like sub-gingival curettage and debridement, removing the granulation tissue while flap surgery is done, re-contouring of the osseous tissue and implant surgery. The maintenance of an implant is very important for efficient Osseo integration and a good prosthetic design. Any kind of bacterial inflammation and infection of the periimplant tissue calls for bone loss. Treatments like mechanical debridement, antibiotics and laser treatment have been recommended. Lasers play an important role in the dentist's office and in the maintenance of implants and to treat periimplantitis.
