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Minirobots which are under the field of miniature robotics, have a dimension of a few centimetres to even a few millimetres. Conventionally, these small sized robots are usually powered up by batteries. The batteries can take up a lot of space and result in a bulky system. Isolating the energy storage components from the robot itself can provide a...
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... the obtained results will be verified and discussed. Figure 2 (a) shows the proposed WPT framework which is used to power a minirobot on top of it. A transmitter circuit will be fit into a casing and then a minirobot will be able to operate when being placed on top of the casing. ...
Context 2
... transmitter circuit will be fit into a casing and then a minirobot will be able to operate when being placed on top of the casing. The WPT system can be further broken down into a few parts as illustrated in Figure 2 (b). AC power at a particular resonant frequency was used to excite the transmitter coil. ...
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Energy storage plays a fundamental role in balancing the power fluctuations induced by the distributed generation of renewable energy sources. In this scenario, electric vehicles can strongly contribute to exchange power with the grid through their on-board batteries. When the vehicle is parked, the battery can be discharged, injecting active power...
Citations
... In this paper, a coplanar waveguide (CPW-fed) flexible monopole antenna that operates between 0.475 GHz to 1.089 GHz is proposed. To reduce the power loss transmitted by the antenna to a human head due to high reflection caused by the impedance mismatch between the head and the antenna, an impedancematching layer made from barium titanate (BaTiO3)-silicon elastomer is integrated with the antenna [19]. BaTiO3 is a high dielectric constant material that is needed to realize the proposed high permittivity impedance matching layer. ...
This paper presents a flexible monopole antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding line with a barium titanate (BaTiO3) silicon-elastomer impedance matching layer for microwave head imaging applications. The operating frequency bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 614 MHz which is from 0.475 GHz to 1.089 GHz. In biomedical microwave sensing and imaging applications, the major challenge is the high power loss due to reflection between the BaTiO3 and the antenna due to impedance mismatch. Therefore, the proposed BaTiO3 silicon-elastomer composite is designed to have dielectric property of 20 which acts as an impedance matching layer for the monopole antenna. The proposed antenna has dimensions of 70×30×6 mm. The flexibility of the antenna is provided by the use of the silicon elastomer. It has been shown that the power radiated into an artificial head phantom improved by almost 160% as compared to antenna without impedance matching layer. Moreover, the SAR level is 0.0286 W/kg when 1 mW of power is transmitted, which is well below the limit set by the regulation. This makes the antenna suitable for wearable biomedical applications due to its wideband characteristic and improved power penetration into human head.
... In WPT, a variety of techniques are used; nevertheless, they all primarily depend on the distance between the transmitter and receiver, the operating frequency, and how much power is being transferred [9]. Far-field fields and near-field fields are [10]. The contrast between the two varieties of fields is seen in Table 1. ...
Due to its advantage of sending electrical power from the transmitter source to the receiver load with no physical contact, wireless power transfer (WPT) has rapidly gained popularity in recent years. They can be used in a variety of applications, including induction cooking, mobile phone charging, radio frequency identification (RFID), and electric vehicles (EVs). Using JMAG-designer, a simulation of series-parallel inductive power transmission has been investigated in this research. This study aims to determine how the output power and efficiency change depending on how many coils turn in the transmitter and receiver. The number of coils turn in the transmitter is fixed which is 20 turns, the number of coils turn in the receiver is variable and ranges between 15 and 30, and the air gap or distance between the coupling coils is set at 10 cm. The selected frequency to be used in this simulation is between 10 and 50 kHz. According to the absorption result, the output power and efficiency rise when the receiver has more coil turns than the transmitter, and the output power and current rise along with an increase in resonance frequency.
... Regarding the first, via Faraday's law of induction, electrical power can be transferred by a changing magnetic field generated by a primary circuit that induces an electrical potential in a coupled secondary circuit (41). Sinusoidal input currents in the primary circuit allow continuous power generation; however, this principle has been employed largely in mesoscale devices (42,43), since achievable voltage amplitudes are limited at the microscale. Alternatively, the application of magnetic forces and torques by magnetic field gradients and time-varying magnetic fields can be used to wirelessly control magnetic micro-and nanorobots. ...
Enzymes are appealing diagnostic targets because of their centrality in human health and disease. Continuous efforts spanning several decades have yielded methods for magnetically detecting the interactions of enzymes with exogenous molecular substrates. Nevertheless, measuring enzymatic activity in vivo remains challenging due to background noise, insufficient selectivity, and overlapping enzymatic functions. Magnetic micro- and nanoagents are poised to help overcome these issues by offering possible advantages such as site-selective sampling, modular architectures, new forms of magnetic detection, and favorable biocompatibility. Here, we review relevant control and detection strategies and consider examples of magnetic enzyme detection demonstrated with micro- or nanorobotic systems. Most cases have focused on proteolytic enzymes, leaving ample opportunity to expand to other classes of enzymes. Enzyme-responsive magnetic micro- and nanoagents hold promise for lowering barriers of translation and enabling preemptive, point-of-care medical applications.
Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems, Volume 5 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
... When the data is done been processed for some time, a signal is sent to the actuator to get the system carried out depending on a specific algorithm. The error signal is given as (1). The schematic diagram of the proposed communication WSAN system is shown in Figure 2. The measurement of execution of the control system is done by utilizing the performance index (PI). ...
span lang="EN-US">New communication and networking paradigms started with wireless sensor actuator networks (WSANs) to introduce new applications. One of these is the automatic gain control system (AGC). It will enable a high degree of the decentralized and mobile control. In this study, neural networks (NN) with fuzzy logic (one of the techniques of artificial intelligence (AI)) is used to enhance the control performance depending on the link quality. The NN and fuzzy inference system (FIS) with Mamdani’s method used to build a model reference, adaptive controller, for recompensing for delay time packets losses, and improving the reliability of WSAN. Between 88.62% and 99.99%, validation data is obtained for the medium and high conditions of operation with the proposed algorithm. Experimental and simulation results show a promising approach.</span
