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FACS (Facial Action Coding System) is an anatomically based system for describing all observable facial movements. FACS provides a very reliable description for the face upper parts but it does not for the lower parts of the face. That limits FACS from being the dominant technique in the Facial Animation field. In this paper, we proposed 12 AUs (Ac...
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Context 1
... are shown in Table I. AU 90 -Tongue Up is moving your tongue at the roof of your mouth, behind your teeth, touching hard palate, like you pronounce letter L. Compare Fig.1 (a) with (c) to see how the action is made. The action is subtler in Fig.1 (b) than in Fig.1 (c). ...
Context 2
... 90 -Tongue Up is moving your tongue at the roof of your mouth, behind your teeth, touching hard palate, like you pronounce letter L. Compare Fig.1 (a) with (c) to see how the action is made. The action is subtler in Fig.1 (b) than in Fig.1 (c). It is always accompanied by AU 26 (jaw drop) so the tongue will be able to move upwards. ...
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... 90 -Tongue Up is moving your tongue at the roof of your mouth, behind your teeth, touching hard palate, like you pronounce letter L. Compare Fig.1 (a) with (c) to see how the action is made. The action is subtler in Fig.1 (b) than in Fig.1 (c). It is always accompanied by AU 26 (jaw drop) so the tongue will be able to move upwards. ...
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... clothing, hair, and additional morphs. Daz Studio Pro 4.10 has 7 default controls for the tongue with add-on option that offers a set of morphs designed to give the character's tongue new levels of dynamic movement. We used Tongue Control extension to the default tongue controls of Genesis 2 which is based on our proposed FACS AUs as shown in Fig. 11. In Table III we demonstrated each of the proposed AUs on a 3D human model with highly realistic appearance. We used the proposed AUs to make tongue animation for a very popular tongue movement in Egypt which is called Zaghrouta. The Egyptian Zaghrouta is a loud voice that started by lifting the Tongue Slightly Up (AU 90) accompanied ...
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... Egyptian Zaghrouta is a loud voice that started by lifting the Tongue Slightly Up (AU 90) accompanied with a rapid movement of the tongue from the Left (AU 92) to the Right (AU 93) and ended with Tongue Slightly Up (AU 90), Tongue Retraction (AU 96) and Lip Corner Puller (AU 12). This action is shown in Fig.12 as a sequence of images. ...
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Making realistic facial animation is one of the most challenging research topics in facial animation field because producing realistic photo and sentimental virtual characters require a combination of face modeling, animating, and rendering. Techniques that commonly used for facial animation are in need of naturalism. The most popular expression co...
FACS (Facial Action Coding System) is an anatomically based system for describing all observable facial movements. FACS provides a very reliable description for the face upper parts but it does not for the lower parts of the face. That limits FACS from being the dominant technique in the Facial Animation field. In this paper, we proposed 12 AUs (Ac...
Citations
... When authors refer to facial cues in publications, some of them do not specify the types of cues (AUs or ADs) and refer to AUs in a general way (Danelakis et al. 2018) while others were more accurate and distinguished the different type of cues (Tolba et al. 2018). In the present study, we distinguished AUs, ADs, and head and eye positions in order to both follow the FACS classifications more closely and provide a clear description of the cues. ...
... Nevertheless, there are many other ways to bite the lips and many other movements of the tongue, which are not described in the FACS, and thus not studied. In a recent publication, Tolba et al. (2018) described twelve AUs of the tongue movement such as tongue up (AU 90) or to the left (AU 92). All these new AUs could impact the formation of impressions and be the subject of a belief. ...
The most commonly discussed nonverbal indicators in scientific literature about subjective cues to deception are gaze aversion, smiling, self-adaptors, illustrators, body movements, etc. One of the methods for studying beliefs is the closed question method (CQM). The CQM studies beliefs through written questionnaires in which facial cues are described with words. In the present study, the CQM was adapted to the study of facial expressions by using a photographic questionnaire. Indeed, instead of written descriptions in a questionnaire, we used photos of facial expressions to improve the classification of facial cues with contrastive participants (police officers and civilians). Fifty-four standardized photos of facial movements based on the facial action coding system were used as stimuli. The task was to determine whether a particular expression was more or less present during a lie. Results highlight cues perceived as more present (e.g., lip wiping) or less present (e.g., fear) during a lie. Only a few differences emerged between civilians and police officers (e.g., head lowering) suggesting that they had similar beliefs. The accuracy of police officers’ beliefs was better than chance, but remains low for such a professional. Results revealed many new beliefs about deception which can be of help in updating police training on this topic in order to decrease the number of false alarms about lies.
