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(a) Moderately-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (H and E, ×40), (b) grade " 1+ " score argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) size (AgNOR stain, ×100) b a
Source publication
Background: Cell proliferation is an important factor in the prognosis of malignant neoplasia. The number of argyrophilic
nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) per cell has been considered as an indicator of the cellular proliferative activity. Astudy is
carried out to examine whether AgNOR numbers relate to the growth rate in squamous cell carcinom...
Citations
... DNA damage related changes in NORs are important [10]. The NORs numbers can be used as an important marker in tumor studies [11]. Malignant lesions possess NORs in higher numbers and this increased number is also linked with poor prognosis. ...
Background:
Cancer burden can be reduced by early detection of early neoplastic changes applying suitable screening methods. This study aimed to assess the utility of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) quantitation in early prediction of lung neoplastic transformation.
Methodology:
This study investigated 200 apparently healthy individuals categorized into two groups; smoking exposed individuals (N=100), and were categorized as cases, and smoking nonexposed (N=100), and were ascertained as controls. Sputum specimen was attained from each participant (paying all indispensable safety precautions and sample adequacy processes). Results: Out of the 200 volunteers assessed in the present study, mean NORs counts of >2.00 were identified in 16/200(8%) of the study subjects. All 16/16(100%) cases were found with lung epithelial metaplasia (squamous metaplasia). Out of the 100 cases, mean NORs counts of >2.00 were identified in 16/100(16%), hence, all the controls were identified with mean NORs counts of <2.00. The risk of lung cellular proliferative changes associated with smoking exposure are odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, CI) = 39.2485 (2.3199-664.0052), p = 0.0110, z statistic = 2.543.
Conclusion:
NORs count is a simple, specific, cost-effective, and reliable method that can give a quantitative measurement for the risk of lung neoplastic transformation. For at risk-population (tobacco users), it is recommended to perform the argyrophilic NORs (AgNORs) method beside sputum cytology.
Aim. The aim was to study the differences in three traits of nucleoli in interphase leukocytes of two rab- bit breeds and a hybrid thereof. Methods. Doe rabbits, 4-month -old, from Ukrainian breed Poltavske Sriblo (n = 30), Californian (n = 25), and their hybrid (n = 21) were used in the experiment. The nucleoli in intact blood leukocytes were stained using silver staining according to Howell and Black (1980). Stained cells were observed, and their nucleoli counted in light microscopy at 10×100 oil immersion magnification. 200 leukocytes from each animal were analyzed. The activity of nucleoli was evaluated by the following parameters: the aver- age number of nucleoli in the nucleus (nNO), the total area of nucleoli in the nucleus (ΣSNO, mcm 2), the share of nucleolus area in the lymphocyte nucleus area (shΣS NO, %). Statistical analysis was conducted using the STATISTICA software package (2020). Results. The average number of nucleoli per cell varied from – 1.70 ± 0.08 in Californian rabbits to 5.90 ± 0.29 in hybrid animals. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the experimental groups of purebred and hybrid rabbits. The variation coefficient for the index of the average number of nucleoli per cell was on the average level of variability: 20.58 % for the rabbits of Poltavske sriblo breed, 19.50 % for Californian rabbits, and 16.49 % for hybrid ones. The total area of nucleoli in the cells of all the investigated animals varied from 5 μm2 in one Californian rabbit to 12 μm2 in animals of hybrid origin. The share of the nucleolus area in the nucleus area for rabbits of Poltavske sriblo, Californian, and hybrid breeds was 26.10 ± 1.80 %, 24.30 ± 1.62 and 29.40 ± 2.50, respectively. Conclusions. Polymorphism was observed for three nucleolar parameters after silver staining of interphase leukocytes of rabbits of Poltavske sriblo, Californian breed and their hybrid. This concerned 1) the average number of nucleoli (p < 0.05); 2) the total area of nucleoli (p < 0.05); 3) the average share of the nucleolar area in the nucleus area (p < 0.05). The results of our comparative analysis of the investigated nucleolar activity parameters suggest a higher activity of nucleoli in the animals of hybrid origin. In the future, the results of such studies may be used to assess the potential ability of animals to implement productive traits.
Introduction: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for approximately 90% of all the oral malignancies and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The study utilises the Anneroth’s multifactorial grading system with Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organiser Region (AgNOR) score and the p53 expression as adjuncts; emphasising on the enhanced efficiency rendered by nuclear proliferative indices is the gold standard method of histomorphological grading of OSCC. Aim: To analyse the relationship between the histomorphological grading (Anneroth’s grading) and the nuclear proliferative markers that is AgNOR and p53 protein in OSCC. Materials and Methods: Total 98 cases of OSCC were investigated from July 2017 to July 2019. The histomorphological grading was done according to the Anneroth’s system. The AgNOR score was quantified by counting the mean number of AgNORs per cell. The p53 expression was graded as score 0 to 3 according to the percent of cells showing positive p53 immunostaining. Results: An increasing trend in the mean AgNOR count and p53 expression was observed with progressing histological grade of OSCC. Conclusion: The nuclear proliferative indices (AgNORs and p53) serve as reliable predictive markers and can be used as an adjunct to the gold standard Anneroth’s histomorphological grading system of OSCC.
