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a Low-magnification TEM micrograph of Cu 2 O-ZnO˜hZnO˜ ZnO˜h c sample b high-resolution TEM image of marked region in (a); c, d, and e high-resolution (filtered) images form blue, green, and magenta regions respectively and inset shows their corresponding FFT patterns
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Conjugated hybrid nanostructured Cu2O-ZnO has been grown via the single-step coelectrodeposition (CED) technique. Though ZnO nanostructures grown alone by electrodepostion technique do not exhibit any glucose sensing, the CED-grown Cu2O-ZnO nanostructures show non-enzymatic glucose sensing and amperometric behavior with a good sensitivity of 441.2...
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Diverse ZnO nanostructures were successfully fabricated at 700 °C by direct annealing of 1D Zn(II) coordination polymer precursors, namely, [Zn2(bpma)2(adc)2]
n
, [Zn2(bpea)2(adc)2]
n
, and {[Zn2(bpta)2(adc)2]·2H2O}
n
. The effect of sacrificial ligands present in the precursors as well as a variation in the retention time (6-24 h) during their...
Citations
... Consequently, quest for an efficacious glucose sensor, with high sensitivity, has received extraordinary attention due to its enormous beneficial role in human health and is instrumental for exceptional research in clinical diagnosis, biotechnology, food industry, textile industry, fermentation engineering, etc. [3][4][5][6]. Within this framework, numerous techniques have been extensively investigated, including photo-electrochemical J Mater Sci: Mater Electron (2024) 35:188 188 Page 2 of 12 biocompatible and non-toxic, this metal oxide is an important candidate for medical and biotechnologyrelated applications also [12,17]. As a semiconductor, nanodimensional copper oxide (Cu 2 O and CuO) displays several fascinating properties for photocatalysis, biosensors, solar cells, photo-electrochemical water splitting, gas sensors, and field transistors [18][19][20][21]. ...
... This will lead to improved electrochemical sensing performance. To the best of our knowledge, very little attention has been paid so far [12] to investigate the nanocomposite structures of Cu ...
... These properties are also desirable in many advanced technologies including energy devices, optoelectronic devices, and environmental remediation [9,10]. Nanostructured ZnO demonstrates many promising applications for solar cell, photocatalysis, bio-sensing, gas sensing, memory devices, etc. [11][12][13][14][15][16] ...
The present study investigates the non-enzymatic glucose sensing properties of Cu
O–ZnO (x = 1,2) composite nanostructures that have been fabricated using a simple and fast co-electrodeposition (CED) method. Two concentrations of Cu
were used and interestingly, for the lower concentration, the fabricated (C
) nanostructures are of Cu
O–ZnO type while for the higher concentration (C
), nanostructures show a mixed Cu
O–ZnO (x = 1,2) nature. Although both the samples exhibit a good catalytic response for non-enzymatic glucose sensing, the C
sample shows a far superior response. Along with a high sensitivity of 384.6 µA mM
cm
, a large linear range of 0.03–3 mM, and a low least detection limit (LOD) of 0.7 µM, C
also demonstrates a good long-term stability, good reproducibility, and good selectivity toward glucose detection, even in the presence of interfering species. The synergistic effect of Cu
O–ZnO composite nanostructures and their semiconducting nature may be contributing to the good response of C
as a glucose sensor. The results presented here demonstrate that C
can be an excellent non-enzymetic glucose sensor for measuring glucose in blood and food samples
... [50,51] Currently, among the numerous cutting-edge technological devices, especially in terms of glucose sensors, GCE has numerous attractive properties such as a low background current and convenient fabrication; therefore, it is an important electrode for nonenzymatic instruments. However, a drawback of this platform is its slow electron transfer; thus, it is necessary to modify the surface of the electrode by loading it with various catalyst nanomaterials such as noble and transition metal/metal oxides (e.g., Au, [52][53][54] Ag [55] /ZnO, [56,57] Cu 2 O, [58,59] NiO, [27,60] and Co 3 O 4 [61] ) and alloys/complexes (e.g., Cu 3 Pt, [62] Ni 5 P 4 , [50] and NiCo [63,64] ). ...
The COVID‐19 pandemic has continued to spread rapidly, and patients with diabetes are at risk of experiencing rapid progression and poor prognosis for appropriate treatment. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), which includes accurately tracking fluctuations in glucose levels without raising the risk of coronavirus exposure, becomes an important strategy for the self‐management of diabetes during this pandemic, efficiently contributing to the diabetes care and the fight against COVID‐19. Despite being less accurate than direct blood glucose monitoring, wearable noninvasive systems can encourage patient adherence by guaranteeing reliable results through high correlation between blood glucose levels and glucose concentrations in various other biofluids. This review highlights the trending technologies of glucose sensors during the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic (2019–2020) that have been developed to make a significant contribution to effective management of diabetes and prevention of coronavirus spread, from off‐body systems to wearable on‐body CGM devices, including nanostructure and sensor performance in various biofluids. The advantages and disadvantages of various human biofluids for use in glucose sensors are also discussed. Furthermore, the challenges faced by wearable CGM sensors with respect to personalized healthcare during and after the pandemic are deliberated to emphasize the potential future directions of CGM devices for diabetes management.
... The modification of ZnO nanostructure with Ni, Co, Pt etc. nanoparticles will enhance their catalytic ability [22][23][24][25]. There are various tedious steps in sensor preparation and modification, mostly it needs to separately synthesized nanomaterial than coating of that nanomaterial on electrode surface for preparation of an active material [26]. The drop casting or spin coating of material on electrode reduce the electrocatalytic activity by blocking the active sites of the fabricated nanomaterial, which cause low stability and poor reproducibility of the modified electrode [27]. ...
The preparation and fabrication of sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on ZnO NRs grown on the electrode surface by hydrothermal method while maintain the surface morphology of the nanorods was a challenge with high surface area and good sensing capacity. Herein we prepare vertically aligned ZnO NRs on FTO surface and decorated with Au nanoparticles for efficient non-enzymatic glucose sensor. The Au-ZnO NRs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and electrochemical methods. The unique hexagonal Au-ZnO NRs possessed high surface area with enhanced electrochemical features for glucose oxidation. The Au-ZnO NRs have excellent linear range up to 15 mM, low detection limit (LOD) of 0.12 μM and high sensitivity of 4416 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻². The Au-ZnO NRs also possessed good stability, repeatability, selectivity, and reproducibility with practical application for glucose sensing in real samples. The excellent potential of Au nanoparticles decorated on ZnO NRs towards glucose detection provides new platform for fabrication of glucose detecting devices.
... In the beginning, Cu (II) would be oxidized to Cu(III). The Cu (III) species act as a mediating agent that catalyzes glucose oxidation to produce gluconic acid [69,70]. The prominent oxidation peak current in CF3 sample is a signature that glucose can effectively convert into gluconic acid. ...
Cubic structured CuO thin films were fabricated through a combined effort of electrochemical and thermal annealing processes, and their solar light-induced photodegradation and non-enzymatic sensing behavior were well studied. Nanocubes like structures were achieved by varying the time during the electrochemical deposition. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies reveal the monoclinic phase of CuO thin films while scanning electron microscopy highlights the modulation in the size and density of cube-like morphology of CuO thin films. Atomic force microscopy also assures the existence of cube-like nanostructures. Modulation in the optical behavior of CuO thin films was explored by the UV-visible spectroscopy, which indicates the bandgap narrowing in CuO thin films with the deposition time. Sunlight driven photodegradation performance of CuO thin films was explored by decomposition of Methylene Blue molecules. CuO thin films with different nanocubes density exhibit outstanding sunlight-induced photodegradation activity by degrading 5 µM MB dye solution in 90 minutes. Cubic nanostructured CuO thin film also reveals the outstanding non-enzymatic glucose sensing behavior with a high sensitivity of 1311.83 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻², the wide linear range of 0.001-1.8 mM, fast response times (less than 5) and low detection limit (LOD) of 0.068 µM under a signal/noise ratio of 3.
Non-enzymatic Screen-Printed Chemiresistive Interdigitated Electrodes (SPCIE) were designed and fabricated using a low-cost screen-printing method for detection of the glucose. The Interdigitated Electrodes (IDE) pattern was printed using conductive graphene ink on the glossy surface of the photo paper. The proposed glossy photo paper-based SPCIE are functionalized with Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes-Zinc Oxide (MWCNTs-ZnO) nanofibers to create the chemiresistive matrix. Further, to bind these nanofibers with the graphene electrode surface, we have used the green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with Banana Flower Stem Fluid (BFSF) as a binder solution. AgNPs with BFSF form the Conductive Porous Natural Binder Layer (CPNBL). It does not allow to increase the resistivity of the deposited material on graphene electrodes and also keeps the nanofibers intact with paper-based SPCIE. The synthesized material of MWCNT-ZnO nanofibers and green synthesized AgNPs with BFSF as a binder were characterized by Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The amperometric measurements were performed on the proposed SPCIE sensor to detect the glucose sample directly. The innovative paper-based SPCIE glucose sensor exhibits a linear corelation between current measurements and glucose concentration in the range between 45.22 µM – 20 mM, with a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.9902 and a lower Limit of Detection (LoD) of 45.22 µM (n=5). The sensitivity of the developed SPCIE sensor was 2178.57 µAmM-1cm-2, and the sensor's response time determined was approximately equal to 18 seconds. The proposed sensor was also tested for real blood serum sample, and Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) was found equal to 2.95%.
This study investigates the enzyme-less biosensing property of the zinc oxide/carbon nano-onion (ZnO/CNO) nanocomposite coated on a glassy carbon electrode. The ZnO/CNO nanocomposite was synthesized using the ex situ mixing method, and the structural characterization was done using XRD, SEM, and TEM, whereas functional groups and optical characterization were done through FTIR and UV−visible spectroscopy. The electrochemical sensing response of the ZnO/CNO nanocomposite for the linear range of glucose concentration (0.1−15 mM) was examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) with a potential window of −1.6 to +1.6 V using 0.1 M NaOH as an electrolyte. The ZnO/CNO nanocomposites showed enhanced sensing ability toward glucose with a sensitive value of 606.64 μA/mM cm2. Amperometric i-t measurement supports the finding of CV measurement and showed good sensing ability of the electrode ZnO/CNO nanocomposite material for up to 40 days. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity of the ZnO/CNO nanocomposite is explained due to the synergetic effect of both ZnO and CNO. Our findings suggest a high potential for ZnO/CNO nanocomposite-based glucose biosensors, which could be further utilized to develop noninvasive skin-attached sensors for biomedical applications.
