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a-Lepocinclis acus, b & c-Lepocinclis globulus, d-Lepocinclis oxyuris, e-Phacus acuminatus, f-Phacus angulatus, g & h-Phacus circulatus, i-Phacus curvicauda, j-Phacus glaber, k-Phacus limnophila. Scale bar = 10 µm.
Source publication
The Euglenozoa flora of the Adzopé Reservoir in Côte d’Ivoire was investigated from January to December 2005. The species composition of the assemblage was compiled, accompanied by illustrations. Forty-four taxa were identified in the temporal survey. Ten taxa (22.22%) are new for Côte d’Ivoire. The taxonomic structure presents 22.32% of the specie...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... Euglenozoa Class: Euglenophyceae Order: Euglenales Family: Phacaceae Genus: Lepocinclis Perty Lepocinclis acus (O.F.Müller) Marin & Melkonian (Figure 3a). Cells fusiform; 71 ± 7.6 µm long, 8 ± 1.4 µm wide; anterior end narrowed and apically truncated, posterior end tapered to a long hyaline incision; pellicle rigid to semi-rigid, striae longitudinal; paramylons grains 5 to numerous; Distribution: Cosmopolitan. ...
Context 2
... globulus Perty (Figures 3b & c). Cells elliptic to oblong-elliptic; 27 ± 1.8 µm long, 17 ± 1.2 µm broad; tail piece pellicle spiral striated to the left; chloroplasts numerous, discoid; 2 paramylons bodies, lateral, ring-shaped; Distribution: Cosmopolitan. ...
Context 3
... oxyuris (Schmarda) Marin & Melkonian ( Figure 3d). Cells cylindrical; 141 ± 10.4 µm long, 21 ± 1.7 µm broad; straight or sometimes twisted; pellicle rigid to semi-rigid, striae spiral, following the cell body twisting; chloroplasts numerous, disc-shaped, parietal; 2 paramylons grains, rod-shaped; Distribution: Cosmopolitan. ...
Context 4
... Phacus Dujardin Phacus acuminatus Stokes (Figure 3e). Cells 29 ± 0.7 µm long, 25 ± 0.4 µm wide; broadly ovoid to oval; each cell depressed at the anterior end and sharp at the posterior end; pellicle longitudinally striated; disc- shaped numerous; 2 paramylons bodies; Distribution: Cosmopolitan. ...
Context 5
... pellicle longitudinally striated; chloroplasts numerous; 1 or 2 paramylons bodies circular disc; Distribution: Cosmopolitan. *Phacus glaber (Deflandre) Pochmann ( Figure 3j). Cells broadly ellipsoid; 36 ± 3.5 µm long, 24 ± 2.1 µm broad; anterior end truncate with a prominent median papilla, posterior end produce slightly deflected sharp tail-piece; periplast longitudinally striated; chloroplasts numerous; 2 paramylons bodies; Distribution: Europe, Africa. ...
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Citations
... Interestingly, our study revealed a higher abundance of protists compared to phytoplankton organisms during the rainy season as opposed to the dry season (Fig. 5). This finding contrasts with the observations of Kouassi et al. (2013) in the Adzopé Reservoir, located in the city of the Adzopé, Ivory Coast, Africa, where they noted greater species abundance during the dry season and fewer species in the rainy season. It's important to note that these differences can be attributed to the distinct characteristics of the two ecosystems. ...
The microdiversity of cenotes in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico has been little studied, with the phyto-plankton and protists being the most representative species. However, all previous studies have been fo-cused on cenotes associated with touristic activities, leaving a gap in the understanding of cenotes located within urban areas. The present study is dedicated to the identification of phytoplankton and protists in the cenotes of Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico. We conducted our research in four urban cenotes, collecting samples using a 150 µm plankton net, filtering them with a 45 µm membrane, and examining them under optical microscopy. Subsequently, we calculated the abundance, richness, and completeness of the samples. Our findings revealed a total of 6 phyla, 4 subphyla, 10 classes, 8 subclasses, 15 orders, 15 families, 18 genus, and 17 species and 4 species indeterminata in the cenotes of Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Among these, there were 8 species of phytoplankton and 1 species indeterminata, while 9 species of protists and 3 species indeterminata. These results highlight the remarkable species richness and the complex structure and composition of urban cenotes, suggesting that some species may be unique to this particular ecosystem. Currently, there is limited knowledge regarding the behavior of these aquifers (urban cenotes), and a comprehensive inventory or characterization of their microdiversity is lacking. Such information could be instrumental in the management, conservation, and sustainable use of these valuable aquifers.
... The studied phytoplankton community contains a mix of genera displaying various trophic preferences. Indeed, among the dominant genera, phototrophic, phototrophic/N 2 -fixing and mixotrophic genera such as Peridinium, Trachelomonas, Euglena and Phacus were found together, with Euglenozoa being very common in shallow lakes in the Ivory Coast [40] and Burkina Faso [41]. All these data suggest that the phytoplankton community is able to use the various sources of nutrients available in Lagoon Aghien (including organic and inorganic nutrients). ...
The supply of drinking water is a vital challenge for the people who live on the African continent, as this continent is experiencing strong demographic growth and therefore increasing water demands. To meet these needs, surface water resources are becoming increasingly mobilized because underground resources are not always available or have already been overexploited. This situation is the case in the region of Abidjan in the Ivory Coast, where the drinking water deficit is a growing problem and it is therefore necessary to mobilize new water resources to ensure the supply of drinking water. Among the potential resources, local managers have identified a freshwater lagoon, Lagoon Aghien, That is in close proximity to the city of Abidjan. With the aim of enhancing knowledge on the ecological functioning of the lagoon and contributing to the assessment of its ability to provide drinking water, several physical and chemical parameters of the water and the phytoplankton community of the lagoon were monitored for 17 months (December 2016-April 2018) at six sampling stations. Our findings show that the lagoon is eutrophic, as evidenced by the high concentrations of total phosphorus (>140 μg L-1), nitrogen (1.36 mg L-1) and average chlorophyll-a (26 to 167 μg L-1) concentrations. The phytoplankton community in the lagoon is dominated by genera typical of eutrophic environments including mixotrophic genera such as Peridinium and by cyanobacteria such as Cylindrospermopsis/Raphidiopsis, Microcystis and Dolichospermum that can potentially produce cyanotoxins. The two rainfall peaks that occur in June and October appeared to be major events in terms of nutrient flows entering the lagoon, and the dynamics of these flows are complex. Significant differences were also found in the nutrient concentrations and to a lesser extent in the phytoplankton communities among the different stations, especially during the rainfall peaks. Overall, these results reveal that the quality of the lagoon's water is already severely degraded, and this degradation could increase in future years due to increasing urbanization in the watershed. These results therefore raise questions about the potential use of the lagoon as a source of drinking water if measures are not taken very quickly to protect this lagoon from increasing eutrophication and other pollution sources.
... The studied phytoplankton community contains a mix of genera displaying various trophic preferences. Indeed, among the dominant genera, phototrophic, phototrophic/N 2 -fixing and mixotrophic genera such as Peridinium, Trachelomonas, Euglena and Phacus were found together, with Euglenozoa being very common in shallow lakes in the Ivory Coast [40] and Burkina Faso [41]. All these data suggest that the phytoplankton community is able to use the various sources of nutrients available in Lagoon Aghien (including organic and inorganic nutrients). ...
The supply of drinking water is a vital challenge for the people who live on the African continent , as this continent is experiencing strong demographic growth and therefore increasing water demands. To meet these needs, surface water resources are becoming increasingly mobilized because underground resources are not always available or have already been overexploited. This situation is the case in the region of Abidjan in the Ivory Coast, where the drinking water deficit is a growing problem and it is therefore necessary to mobilize new water resources to ensure the supply of drinking water. Among the potential resources, local managers have identified a freshwater lagoon, Lagoon Aghien, That is in close proximity to the city of Abidjan. With the aim of enhancing knowledge on the ecological functioning of the lagoon and contributing to the assessment of its ability to provide drinking water, several physical and chemical parameters of the water and the phytoplankton community of the lagoon were monitored for 17 months (December 2016-April 2018) at six sampling stations. Our findings show that the lagoon is eutrophic, as evidenced by the high concentrations of total phosphorus (>140 μg L-1), nitrogen (1.36 mg L-1) and average chlorophyll-a (26 to 167 μg L-1) concentrations. The phytoplankton community in the lagoon is dominated by genera typical of eutrophic environments including mixotrophic genera such as Peridinium and by cyanobacteria such as Cylindrospermopsis/Raphidiopsis, Microcystis and Dolichos-permum that can potentially produce cyanotoxins. The two rainfall peaks that occur in June and October appeared to be major events in terms of nutrient flows entering the lagoon, and the dynamics of these flows are complex. Significant differences were also found in the nutrient concentrations and to a lesser extent in the phytoplankton communities among the different stations, especially during the rainfall peaks. Overall, these results reveal that the quality of the lagoon's water is already severely degraded, and this degradation could PLOS ONE PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. increase in future years due to increasing urbanization in the watershed. These results therefore raise questions about the potential use of the lagoon as a source of drinking water if measures are not taken very quickly to protect this lagoon from increasing eutrophication and other pollution sources.
... In the laboratory, temporary slides were made according to Bellinger & Sigee (2015), and euglenoids were observed under Olympus-CH type microscope equipped with USB digital camera. Identification of species was made following Prescott (1973), Hinton & Maulood (1982), Wołowski (2011) and Kouassi et al. (2013). Some physico-chemical environmental parameters at both sites were measured following the methods shown in table 1. ...
... Abundance of eugleoinds in organically polluted water with high sulphate concentration is well documented elsewhere (Adesalu & Nwankwo, 2010;Zakryś et al., 2017). On the hand, euglenoids can also thrive in warm stagnant springs (Kouassi et al., 2013). All euglenoids taxa found in this study are presented in table 3, among which 13 species are new records in Iraq in comparison to the list of Iraqi algal flora (Maulood et al., 2013). ...
The present study aimed to investigate the species of euglenoid algae in the Euphrates river and Haqlan valley springs at Al-Anbar province, Western Iraq. Samples were collected in October 2019 from two sites in the study area. Some environmental parameters measured were water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, sulphate, total hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate and phosphate. Fifty-four species of the euglenoids belonging to six genera were encountered, one belonged to Monomorphina, two belonged to Colacium, 19 to Euglena, 10 to Trachelomonas, seven to Lepocinclis and 15 to Phacus. Thirteen species were new records in Iraq. Ten species were recorded in two sites. Most of the euglenoids found in this study occurred in Haqlan springs and were represented by 40 species in comparison to 24 species in the Euphrates river.
... Aziz et al. (2012) reported two euglenophytes, Astasia cylindrica and Euglena spathirhyncha from estuarine Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh. In World scenario, different group of workers have been worked on euglenophytes-one of the most important unicellular flagellates (Conforti, 1994;Cabala, 2003;Alves-da-Silva and Hahn, 2004;Delgado and Sanchez, 2007;Kosmalaet al., 2007;Alves-da-Silva and Bicudo, 2009;Araujo et al., 2012;Kouassi et al., 2013;Wolowski et al., 2013). But not a single report is available regarding Euglenophytes of Indian Sundarbans. ...
... The latitude-longitude (Germin), pH, temperature (°C) and salinity (parts per thousand/ppt) were measured at the time of sample collection. Taxonomic identifications were made from different monographs and research papers (Smith, 1950;Prescott, 1982;Conforti, 1994;Kim et al., 2000;Cabala, 2003;Alves-da-Silva and Hahn, 2004;Delgado and Sanchez, 2007;Alves-da-Silva and Bicudo, 2009;Araujo et al., 2012;Kouassi et al., 2013;Wolowski et al., 2013). ...
A brief taxonomic account of fourty one (41) species of euglenoids recorded from Indian Sundarbans, have been included in the present communication. The taxa belong to 8 species of Euglena, 1 species of Euglenaformis, 2 species of Monomorphina, 3 species of Trachelomonas, 9 species of Lepocinclis and 18 species of Phacus. Collections were done from brackish water ponds of Sundarbans, showing maximum diversity of euglenophytes together with other planktonic species. These Euglenophytes are reported from Indian Sundarbans for the first time, as there is no report of this group from these regions. The collected taxa were identified with light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and voucher specimens were assigned to Calcutta University Herbarium (CUH) with accession numbers.
... Photomicrographs of these samples were taken using a digital camera (Canon t2-t2 1, 6x SlR 426115). the cells were identified up to the genus or species level based on their taxonomic features with the help of standard keys using monograph and relevant available literature (Prescott, 1982; Conforti, 1994; Alves-daSilva & hahn, 2004; das et al., 2009; Kouassi et al., 2013; Wolowski et al., 2013) and further confirmed from Algaebase (guiry & guiry, 2015). ...
A total number of 24 planktonic Euglenophyte taxa were recorded from East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW), a eutrophic ecosystem of Ramsar site. An illustrated taxonomic account of freshwater Euglenoids is represented in the present communication after a two year long survey (January 2012 to January 2014). Among the 24 taxa, 21 of them were recorded for the first time from this site. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) investigation on morphometry of major identified taxa was also carried out for detailed study. The population included a number of genera comprising different numbers of species viz.
Objectives:
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Lobe application, a machine learning (ML) tool that can be used on a personal computer without requiring coding expertise, in the recognition and classification of diabetic macular edema (DME) in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 695 cross-sectional SD-OCT images from 336 patients with DME and 200 OCT images of 200 healthy controls were included. Images with DME were classified into three main types: diffuse retinal edema (DRE), cystoid macular edema (CME), and cystoid macular degeneration (CMD). To develop the ML model, we used the desktop-based code-free Lobe application, which includes a pre-trained ResNet-50 V2 convolutional neural network and is available free of charge. The performance of the trained model in recognizing and classifying DME was evaluated with 41 DRE, 28 CMD, 70 CME, and 40 normal SD-OCT images that were not used in the training.
Results:
The developed model showed 99.28% sensitivity and 100% specificity for class-independent detection of DME. Sensitivity and specificity by labels were 87.80% and 98.57% for DRE, 96.43% and 99.29% for CME, and 95.71% and 95.41% for CMD, respectively.
Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of the effectiveness of Lobe with ophthalmological images, and the results indicate that it can be used with high efficiency in the recognition and classification of DME from SD-OCT images by ophthalmologists without coding expertise.
Euglenophyta are a group of algae that occur in water polluted by organic matter, which makes them a good indicator for organic pollution. This study aimed to determine the diversity of Euglenophyta, the environmental conditions favourable to their development and their implication in the sustainability and quality of the water in Loumbila reservoir. Algal and chemical water samples were collected monthly between January 2015 and June 2015. Phytoplankton species were identified under a light microscope using a Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber for algal cell counting. In total, 34 species of Euglenophyta were identified, four of which are new to the algal flora of Burkina Faso. The abundance and number of species of the genera Euglena and Phacus were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the dry season. Euglena deses, Euglena texta, Euglena caudata, Phacus lefevrei, Phacus ranula and Phacus orbicularis were identified as indicator species of high nutrient concentration. The abundance of these genera was positively correlated with pH, dissolved oxygen, water transparency, conductivity, nitrates and orthophosphates. This study on the diversity of Euglenophyta enabled us to identify indicator species of reservoir pollution and the environmental factors favourable to their development. This can be used to guide the future water quality monitoring and management of the reservoir.
Microalgae are the richest source of natural carotenoids, which are valuable pigments with a high share of benefits. Often, carotenoid-producing algae inhabit specific biotopes with unfavorable or even extremal conditions. Such biotopes, including alpine snow fields and hypersaline ponds, are widely distributed in Europe. They can serve as a source of new strains for biotechnology. The number of algal species used for obtaining these compounds on an industrial scale is limited. The data on them are poor. Moreover, some of them have been reported in non-English local scientific articles and theses. This review aims to summarize existing data on microalgal species, which are known as potential carotenoid producers in biotechnology. These include Haematococcus and Dunaliella, both well-known to the scientific community, as well as less-elucidated representatives. Their distribution will be covered throughout Europe: from the Greek Mediterranean coast in the south to the snow valleys in Norway in the north, and from the ponds in Amieiro (Portugal) in the west to the saline lakes and mountains in Crimea (Ukraine) in the east. A wide spectrum of algal secondary carotenoids is reviewed: β-carotene, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, echinenone, adonixanthin, and adonirubin. For convenience, the main concepts of biology of carotenoid-producing algae are briefly explained.
Epiphytic algae existing on submerged leaves, stems and roots of Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. (Convolvulaceae) found in Laguna de Bay was studied. Examination of the prepared specimen showed a total of 15 infrageneric taxa belonging to 10 orders, 13 families, 15 genera and 15 species were identified during the study period. Of these taxa, the occurrence of a rare photosynthetic euglenoid, Cryptoglena skujae Marin and Melkonian is reported as new record for the Philippines. Two species are also presented here based on current accepted taxonomic names and these are Limnococcus limneticus (Lemmermann) Komárková, Jezberová, O.Komárek & Zapomelová, and Anabaenopsis circularis (G. S. West) Woloszynska & V. Miller in V. Miller. The algal taxonomic records reported in this survey expand the knowledge regarding diversity and distribution of epiphytic algae from aquatic macrophytes found in Philippine freshwater environment.
