Fig 7 - uploaded by Elisabeth E. Mlynarski
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a Ideogram of Peromyscus melanophrys multiple sex chromosomes, adapted from Zimmerman (1974). b Revised ideogram of P. melanophrys sex chromosomes as identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization, G-bands according to Greenbaum et al. (1994)
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We report on the characterization of the Peromyscus melanophrys karyotype and sex chromosome system. Classic studies reported the sex chromosome system of this species may be as complex as an X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2)/X(1)X(2)Y(1)Y(2) and provided conflicting identification of the X chromosome. Using Peromyscus maniculatus chromosome paints, we have positiv...
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Xist is the master regulator of X-Chromosome Inactivation (XCI), the mammalian dosage compensation mechanism that silences one of the two X chromosomes in a female cell. XCI is established during early embryonic development. Xist transgene (Tg) integrated into an autosome can induce transcriptional silencing of flanking genes; however, the effect a...
Citations
... Remarks.-The unusual chromosomal arrangement described for P. melanophrys (Zimmerman 1974;Mlynarski et al. 2010) refers to specimens of P. zamorae. ...
Correspondent: celialg@prodigy.net.mx Peromyscus melanophrys is a Mexican endemic distributed in seasonal tropical forests and semiarid lands. Molecular work based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers proposed the existence of four haplogroups within P. melanophrys. Peromyscus mekisturus (Puebla deer mouse) was included in one of these haplogroups. We tested the consistency between this hypothesis and external morphology, quantitative and qualitative cranial attributes, and ecological data for a sample of 1,155 specimens spanning the species distribution. We found ecological and morphological consistency with the phylogenetic pattern for P. melanophrys but not for P. mekisturus. We reassessed the taxonomic and nomenclatural status of the populations and type specimens formerly included in P. melanophrys. We concluded that these populations constitute four species: P. zamorae (Zamora deer mouse), distributed in the Mexican Plateau at elevations > 1,500 m; P. micropus (small-footed deer mouse), from lowland tropical deciduous forests of the San Pedro-Mezquital and Lerma-Santiago basins in western Mexico; P. melanophrys (black-eyed deer mouse) from lowland tropical deciduous forests of southeastern Mexico as far as eastern Oaxaca; and P. leucurus (Tehuantepec deer mouse), partially sympatric with P. melanophrys but reaching as far as Chiapas. Data on P. mekisturus were contradictory, and thus was kept as a valid species. Peromyscus melanophrys es un roedor endémico de México, distribuido en bosques tropicales caducifolios y regiones semiáridas. Datos moleculares usando marcadores mitocondriales y nucleares indicaron la existencia de cuatro haplogrupos dentro de P. melanophrys. Peromyscus mekisturus (ratón de Puebla) se incluyó dentro de uno de éstos. Con base en una muestra de 1,155 ejemplares de toda la distribución de la especie, se examinó si esta hipótesis era consistente con datos de morfología externa y craneal, morfometría e información ecológica. Se encontró coincidencia para P. melanophrys pero no para P. mekisturus. Estos resultados hicieron necesaria la reevaluación del estado taxonómico y nomenclatural de las poblaciones incluidas en P. melanophrys. Se concluye que existen cuatro especies dentro de lo que se conocía como P. melanophrys: P. zamorae (ratón de Zamora) distribuido en el Altiplano Mexicano a elevaciones ≥ 1,500 m; P. micropus (ratón de pata pequeña) distribuido en los bosques tropicales caducifolios de las cuencas San Pedro-Mezquital y Lerma-Santiago en el occidente de México; P. melanophrys (ratón de ojo oscuro) de los bosques y matorrales tropicales caducifolios del sureste de México, al menos hasta el este de Oaxaca, y P. leucurus (ratón de Tehuantepec) parcialmente simpátrico con P. melanophrys pero llegando hasta el estado de Chiapas. La información disponible no permitió asignar a P. mekisturus a ninguno de los grupos y por tanto se sigue considerando como especie válida.
... A recent study utilized animals of the PGSC P. melanophrys (XZ) stock to investigate reports of anomalous sex chromosomes in this species [91]. Using P. maniculatus chromosome paints, they identified a region common to both the X and Y chromosomes, which has translocated to an autosome. ...
Deer mice (Peromyscus) offer an opportunity for studying the effects of natural genetic/epigenetic variation with several advantages over other mammalian models. These advantages include the ability to study natural genetic variation and behaviors not present in other models. Moreover, their life histories in diverse habitats are well studied. Peromyscus resources include genome sequencing in progress, a nascent genetic map, and >90,000 ESTs. Here we review epigenetic studies and relevant areas of research involving Peromyscus models. These include differences in epigenetic control between species and substance effects on behavior. We also present new data on the epigenetic effects of diet on coat-color using a Peromyscus model of agouti overexpression. We suggest that in terms of tying natural genetic variants with environmental effects in producing specific epigenetic effects, Peromyscus models have a great potential.
