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a) Effect of surface roughness on the friction coefficient. (b) Effect of surface roughness on the friction coefficient; slip ratio from 0 to 0.2.
Source publication
This paper describes experimental and analytical studies of the dependence of tire friction on the surface roughness of pavement. Abrasive papers were adopted as representative of the microscopic surface roughness of pavement surfaces. The rolling/sliding friction of tire tread rubber against these abrasive papers were measured at low slip velociti...
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Citations
... Abrasive papers were adopted as representative of the microscopic surface roughness of pavement surfaces, and the different surface roughness were measured by roughness and traction measurement system. 12 A new multi-scale FEM method was proposed for studying the hysteresis friction of rubber on the rough surfaces , which was split into macroscopic and microscopic parts via a decomposition of the power spectral density. 13 In summary, most of the studies have focused on the characteristic of the rubber friction. ...
Silicone rubber seals are widely used in the aerospace industry, and the microscopic roughness of the metal surface has a significant effect on sealing performance. In this paper, a sinusoidal profile is used to describe the microscopic topography of the metal surface. Then, a static sealing contact model is developed by the finite-element analysis software Abaqus for analyzing the influence of surface roughness parameters R a and R sm on sealing performance. Results show that the sealing clearance and the maximum contact pressures increase when R a increases. However, the sealing clearance and the maximum contact pressures decrease when R sm increases. With the decrease in R a , the contact ratio increases in the contact interface between rubber and metal surface. When R sm increases, the contact ratio in the contact interface increases. The contact pressure and the stress concentration increase when the surface roughness increases. Thus, it is important to consider the effect of the microscopic roughness in rubber seal design.
... Modelling results were also compared to field measurements and observations. Kuwajima et al. [92] developed a two-dimensional explicit finite element model and used it for modelling of abrasion of the tread area in contact with abrasive materials. They have studied the effect of the contact length, partial slip, and friction factor on the interfacial phenomenon between rubber and abrasive material . ...
This paper is devoted to review of the publications on the finite element modelling of rolling tyres performed during the past two decades. Starting with the description of the scope and motivation behind this work, a brief history of the finite element modelling of tyres is given. Then, a comprehensive review on the published works on modelling techniques of the simulation of the rolling tyres is presented. The applied aspects of the subject Including the energy loss (rolling resistance) and temperature prediction, interaction between tyre and road, noise, failure, and stability are considered too. It is then followed by introducing the most applied computer codes available in the numerical and computational market. A summary on the published works with particular focus to compare different developed methods and especially the current situation of the applied aspect of the finite element modelling of rolling tyres are presented and discussed. Finally, a conclusion with some remarks is drawn.
Adequate pavement skid resistance is a key requirement for safe road operations. Unfortunately, the measurement and prediction of the skid resistance property of an in-service road pavement, or pavement mixture specimens in the laboratory, is a highly challenging process from both theoretical and practical points of view. For more than 60 years, owing to the lack of theoretical solutions to the complex tire-fluid-pavement interaction problem, the practice of pavement skid resistance determination and prediction has essentially been derived from experimental and field observed data. The rapid development of efficient numerical computational techniques and high-power computing facilities in the last two decades made it possible for researchers to numerically solve the tire-fluid-pavement interaction problem. It enables the numerical evaluation and prediction of high-speed wet skid resistance, and the determination of the tire-pavement kinetic friction coefficient in the evaluation of low-speed skid resistance. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the research development of theoretical mechanistic approaches in the determination and prediction of pavement skid resistance. It covers the following main aspects of the subject matter: (i) mechanisms of skid resistance generation in dry, wetted (i.e., damp), wet and flooded pavements; (ii) theoretical evaluation of pavement skid resistance in dry, wetted, wet and flooded states; (iii) theoretical approaches in pavement skid resistance prediction; and (iv) concepts of representing the skid resistance state of pavement. The capability of finite element simulation approach for wet skid resistance evaluation with good accuracy is explained. Also highlighted is the practical significance of the Concept of Skid Resistance State. Areas of practical applications of the concept, coupled with the simulation model, are introduced. They include applications in driving safety analysis, road safety design and control, design of paving mixtures, safety maintenance and management of pavements, and harmonization of skid resistance measurements and predictions.
With the advent of Rail cum road motors there are great demanding situations earlier than Indian railways. Railway Engineers had been for all time interested by the metal wheel-Rail and Rubber tire-Rail contacts. These tiny interfaces govern the dynamic overall performance of avenue cum rail motors via the masses it transmits and, like every high-strain attention sector, it's far subjected to severe damage phenomena. The paper deals with modelling and simulation of the static behaviour of a radial mini truck tire of a proposed road cum rail automobile in touch with rails. The Finite element technique via the ANSYS software program is used to obtain the static behaviour of the rubber tire in contact with rail underneath inflation stress values. The primary goal is to carry out a finite detail analysis and computationally compare the overall performance of a stationary rubber tire along with rim on rails with the aid of changing the inflation stress so that corresponding overall performance parameters like equivalent strain in rubber tire and rims, deformation and call patch of rubber tire are expected and the effect of inflation pressure on these parameters can be understood.
The global finite element model of 205/55R16 radial tire with simple longitudinal and lateral tread patterns is constructed. The free rolling and braking processes are simulated using ABAQUS/Standard commercial code. The distribution of stick and slip areas of contact surface under free rolling and braking conditions is investigated. The numerical results indicate that large contact deformations could occur at the front part of tread blocks along the sliding direction. To obtain more accurate stress field and deformation characteristics, a refined meshed finite element model of local tread block is set up. The boundary conditions of local model are derived from the results of global model. Sliding behavior of the tread block is analyzed using ABAQUS/Explicit incorporating thermo-mechanical coupling. Large contact deformations including curling and self contact are presented. In the end, an abrasion process of tread block during the course of ABS (antilock brake system) braking is simulated and the irregular abrasion character along the circumference of tire is presented.
In-plane tyre modal behaviour determines the response of tyres to ride excitations and braking/traction manoeuvres. In many studies, the interest is limited to relatively low frequencies and a detailed investigation into the ability of models to accurately simulate higher-order responses is unnecessary. In cases where an in-plane model is to be used for the generation of the contact deformation and stresses, or where modal reduction methods are implemented, a detailed knowledge of the modal response is desirable. The present work forms a study on the ability of a number of frequently used modelling approaches to generate realistic modal data throughout a wide frequency range. The analytical ring on elastic foundation model is used as a benchmark throughout the paper. Its predictions are compared with those of two discretised models, namely a truss- and a beam-based model. The sensitivity of the ring’s response to a number of physical parameters is discussed. The results are used to inform the comparison between the analytical ring and the discretised models, providing explanations for any discrepancies observed. The limited applicability of the truss model is pointed out, while the accuracy of the beam-based model is enhanced by a circumferential inextensible string element. Both the ring and the enhanced beam models are further improved with the addition of a nonlinear string-based sidewall that accounts for the change in sidewall stiffness with inflation pressure. The findings may offer a reference when setting up in-plane models, including the stage of planning modal tests for parameter identification.
It is crucial to obtain detailed information about frictional interaction between tire and road surface to estimate performance of vehicle brake system or tire on real road surface. Simulation using Finite Element Method (FEM) in addition to experimental procedure is regarded to be useful to investigate contact behavior between tire and road surface. However, indeed, it is difficult to apply FEM simulation for such a problem since contact and sliding of rubber on rough rigid road surface may cause local large element distortion on rubber material and simulation may fail by negative volume error. In this paper, modeling of a rubber disk and rigid road surface with microscopic roughness, which can be used as a baseline for simulation of contact behavior between tire and road surface, is described. Some investigation for analysis technique to ensure stable computation of rubber disk and road surface model under severe condition has been made. It was shown that proposed modeling technique could avoid extreme mesh distortion during simulation. It is expected that the proposed technique can be used in simulation of rolling/sliding tire on real road surface.
