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(a) Annual rainfall and (b) average temperature for the experimental sites for 2010−2012 and longterm averages for 1981−2010.
Source publication
The application of nitrogen (N) fertiliser to crops is a major source of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions, a potent greenhouse gas. A key driver of the direct N 2 O emissions from soil following the application of N fertiliser is the soil moisture content, and hence the weather conditions during the year can have a large impact on the emissions. Ann...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... 180% and 240% of the recommend rate. The recommended rate of each crop is affected by the soil type and the assumed availability of nitrogen, and therefore for a given crop they vary across sites and years. The annual rainfall and the average annual temperature for the 3 years for each site and the long- term average (1981−2010) are shown in Fig. 1. In , 2011In and 2012, the rainfall at the English sites was respectively c. 90%, c. 70% and c. 140% of the 30 year mean (1981−2010). In contrast, the Scottish site was c. 80%, c. 135% and c. 180% of the 30 year mean for 2010, 2011 and 2012 respectively. REML regression (Genstat 16) was used to assess the relationship between annual ...
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Citations
... 104,142,143 Soil moisture conditions prior to fertiliser application has an important influence on this consequence, as N 2 O is formed under anaerobic conditions. 10,142,144 Berry et al. 145 suggested that applications when soils are dry would potentially minimise N 2 O emissions. This is uncertain, though, as crop nitrogen uptake would also be limited. ...
... 104,142,143 Soil moisture conditions prior to fertiliser application has an important influence on this consequence, as N 2 O is formed under anaerobic conditions. 10,142,144 Berry et al. 145 suggested that applications when soils are dry would potentially minimise N 2 O emissions. This is uncertain, though, as crop nitrogen uptake would also be limited. ...
The UK, like the rest of the world, is confronting the impacts of climate change. Further changes are expected and they will have a profound effect on agriculture. Future crop production is going to be taking place against increasing CO2 levels and temperatures; decreasing water availability, and increasing frequency of extreme weather events. This review contributes to research on agricultural practices for climate change, but with a more regional perspective. The present study explores climate change impacts on UK agriculture, particularly food crop production, and how to mitigate and build resilience to climate change by adopting and/or changing soil management practices, including fertilisation and tillage systems; new crop adoption and variety choice. Some mitigation can be adopted in the shorter-term, such as changes in crop type and reduction in fertiliser-use, but in other cases the options will need greater investment and longer adaptation period. This is the case for new crop variety development and deployment, and possible changes to soil cultivations. Uncertainty of future weather conditions, particularly extreme weather, also affect decision-making for adoption of practices by farmers to ensure more stable and sustainable production. Even when there is real potential for climate change mitigation, it can sometimes be more difficult to accomplish with certainty on-farm. Better future climate projections and long-term investments will be required to create more resilient agricultural systems in the UK in the face of climate change challenges.
