Figure - available from: World Journal of Surgical Oncology
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a Angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 plasma levels before and after surgery in cancer patients; b change in angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 levels, mean and 95% confidence interval. n = 10, **p < 0.01
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Background: Angiopoietin-Tie2 and nitric oxide pathway is crucial in tumor angiogenesis and closely correlates
with tumor development, growth, and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the angiopoietin-Tie2 and nitric
oxide signaling of the erythrocyte membrane in response to surgical trauma in head and neck cancer.
Methods: We prospectively...
Citations
... We used the electronic medical databank to collect the data of patient characteristics, [24,25] including demographics, coexisting diseases, cardiovascular medications used within 30 days before surgery, preoperative left ventricle ejection fraction, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation, [26] and European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II. [27] Clinical covariates were types of surgery, anesthesia duration, bypass duration, aortic clamp-cross duration, intraoperative fluid therapy, vasoactive agents, volume of blood loss, and allogeneic blood transfusion. ...
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) depletes endogenous Vitamin C and generates oxidative stress in cardiac surgery. This study aimed to clarify whether Vitamin C supplementation reduces oxidant production and improves erythrocyte deformability in cardiac surgery with CPB. In a randomized and controlled design, 30 eligible patients undergoing cardiac surgery with hypothermic CPB were equally assigned to the Vitamin C group and control group. Subjects of the Vitamin C group and control group received an intravenous infusion of Vitamin C 20 mg·kg–1 and a placebo during rewarming period of CPB, respectively. We measured the plasma level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphorylation levels of non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) in erythrocyte membrane, as an index of erythrocyte deformability, before and after CPB. Vitamin C supplementation attenuated the surge in plasma ROS after CPB, mean 1.661 ± standard deviation 0.801 folds in the Vitamin C group and 2.743 ± 1.802 in the control group. The tyrosine phosphorylation level of NMIIA after CPB was upregulated in the Vitamin C group compared to the control group, 2.159 ± 0.887 folds and 1.384 ± 0.445 (P = 0.0237). In addition, the phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in erythrocytes was concurrently enhanced in the Vitamin C group after CPB. The phosphorylation level of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in erythrocytes was significantly increased in the Vitamin C group (1.734 ± 0.371 folds) compared to control group (1.102 ± 0.249; P = 0.0061). Patients receiving Vitamin C had lower intraoperative blood loss and higher systemic vascular resistance after CPB compared to controls. Vitamin C supplementation attenuates oxidative stress and improves erythrocyte deformability via VASP/FAK signaling pathway in erythrocytes during CPB.
... The baseline attributes and potential predictor variables for cancer recurrence and mortality were derived from the medical record system as reported in our prior articles. [19][20][21][22] Clinical variables included demographics, pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration, 23 perioperative use of packed red blood cells 20 24 25 and the use of preoperative or postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Perioperative red cell transfusion was defined as any red cells given during or within 7 days after surgery. ...
Objectives: Whether epidural analgesia affects cancer outcomes remains controversial. Most previous investigations ignored the confounding potential of important pathological factors on cancer outcomes. This study aimed to assess the association between epidural analgesia and cancer recurrence or death after resections for colon cancer.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: A single-medical centre in Taiwan.
Participants: Patients with stage I through III colon cancer undergoing bowel resection and receiving either epidural analgesia or intravenous opioid analgesia from 2005 to 2014.
Primary and secondary outcome measures: Primary outcome was postoperative recurrence-free survival and secondary outcome was overall survival.
Results: A total of 2748 and 1218 patients were analysed before and after propensity score matching. Cox regression analyses did not demonstrate any association between epidural analgesia and recurrence or death after matching (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.21 for recurrence; 0.72, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.09 for death). Independent prognostic factors for cancer recurrence and death were higher level of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, perioperative blood transfusion, advanced cancer stage and pathological lymphovascular invasion.
Conclusions: No definite association was found between epidural analgesia and risk of recurrence or death in patients undergoing colon cancer resection.
Nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide are three endogenous gasotransmitters that serve a role in regulating normal and pathological cellular activities. They can stimulate or inhibit cancer cell proliferation and invasion, as well as interfere with cancer cell responses to drug treatments. Understanding the molecular pathways governing the interactions between these gases and the tumor microenvironment can be utilized for the identification of a novel technique to disrupt cancer cell interactions and may contribute to the conception of effective and safe cancer therapy strategies. The present review discusses the effects of these gases in modulating the action of chemotherapies, as well as prospective pharmacological and therapeutic interfering approaches. A deeper knowledge of the mechanisms that underpin the cellular and pharmacological effects, as well as interactions, of each of the three gases could pave the way for therapeutic treatments and translational research.
