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Earth-fill dams should be designed in such a way that excessive pore water pressures and seepage are controlled for attaining the desired safety level. This type of dams can be supplemented by some drainage facilities, such as blanket and chimney drains, which are commonly composed of graded soils. The key issue in designing a drainage facility is...
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... base width, B, is 187.50 m. This defined geometry is considered to be the geometries of a homogenous (see Figure 1) and a simple zoned (see Figure 2) type of dams. The upstream and downstream slopes of the central core are taken as 1V:0.5H as recommended in the study of (Bilgi 1990). ...
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Citations
... A boundary element method based numerical solution was obtained for the problem of seepage through homogeneous isotropic earthfill dams with different upstream face slopes in combination with different positions of the filter. Çalamak et al. [18] used SEEP/W software to investigate the suitability and the effectiveness of blanket and chimney drains in earth-fill dams for various properties of the drainage system. Steady-state seepage analysis was conducted for homogeneous and zoned dams. ...
This research investigates the effect of downstream drain's geometry on seepage through homogeneous earth dams founded on an impervious foundation. A permeability tank experimental model and SEEP2D numerical model are used in the study. The dam's failure in the case of no drain is experimentally observed to point out the drain's importance. The effect of the drain's geometry on seepage characteristics is evaluated by considering different scenarios for its height, length, and angle. Three cases for reservoir filling are studied. Sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the drain's most effective geometrical parameter. The results show that the most effective geometrical parameter of the downstream drain is its length, while its height and angle have no effect. Increasing the drain's length increases the seepage discharge and the distance between the phreatic line and downstream face and reduces the pore water pressure leading to more safety. Design charts and equations are provided. Ó 2021 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Seepage is the main cause of failure of earthen dams; to prevent this failure, excessive seepage problems should be controlled. In this study, lowest seepage quantity through homogenous earth dam with horizontal filter by different methods was estimated. SEEP/W code in (GeoStudio software 2012) and (Slide software 6.025) was used to investigate 972 models with various upstream and downstream face slopes, horizontal filter lengths, free boards, top widths, dam heights and permeability coefficients. Results showed that, comparing the seepage rates obtained from Slide and GeoStudio softwares has average differences of ratio of seepage discharge to permeability coefficient and filter length (q/kL) was less than 2%. Furthermore, nonlinear empirical equation was developed using (SPSS 22) program. The comparison of seepage quantity measured by SEEP/W and Slide versus its quantity calculated from empirical equations gave a coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.815, 0.788) respectively. Multilinear perceptron (MLP) was used as suitable type of artificial neural network (ANN) with a base structure (5-4-1) in which 75% of data sets were for training and 17.2% were for testing. The quantity of seepage predicted by ANN compared with obtained seepage rates from SEEP/W and Slide has (R 2 =0.923, 0.942) respectively. Finally, the average percent of errors of empirical equation, Slide Program and ANN was 15.814%, 8.519% and 1.060% respectively. This means that, seepage quantities obtained from ANN was more accurate than other methods may be due to different ways of analysis.
