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XRD patterns of pure CaCl2·6H2O, BNNS and CaCl2·6H2O/0.5 wt% BNNS composite before and after cycling

XRD patterns of pure CaCl2·6H2O, BNNS and CaCl2·6H2O/0.5 wt% BNNS composite before and after cycling

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(a) SEM images of pure CaCl2·6H2O, (b) SEM images of BNNSs, (c, d) SEM...
(a-e) Step cooling curves of CaCl2·6H2O and CaCl2·6H2O/BNNS composites,...
(a) The heating curves of pure CaCl2·6H2O and CaCl2·6H2O/BNNS...
(a, b and c) Schematic diagrams of CaCl2·6H2O, CaCl2·6H2O/0.5 wt% BNNS...
+1 XRD patterns of pure CaCl2·6H2O, BNNS and CaCl2·6H2O/0.5 wt% BNNS...
Enhanced heat storage performance of CaCl2·6H2O using BN nanosheet as an additive
Article
Full-text available
  • Oct 2022
Inorganic hydrated salt calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2·6H2O) has a broad application prospect in the field of phase change energy storage due to its own characteristics. However, it has some problems such as large supercooling and serious phase separation, which limit its practical application. In this paper, boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) w...
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Optimization of Preparation Method, Nucleating Agent, and Stabilizers for Synthesizing Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate (CaCl2.6H2O) Phase Change Material
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This study investigates improvements in low-cost latent heat storage material calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2.6H2O). Its melting point is between 25 and 28 °C, with relatively high enthalpy (170–190 J/g); however, this phase change material (PCM) shows supercooling and phase separation. In CaCl2.6H2O incongruent melting causes lower hydrates of...
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... The prepared composite PCM had a melting enthalpy of 169 Jg − 1 after 25 melt-freeze cycles. The supercooling degree of CCH was found to be decreased from 22.06 • C to 3.89 • C when using 1 wt% boron nitride nanosheets, as reported by Zhang et al. [18]. The thermal conductivity also rose, from 0.3 to 3.918 W/m-K. ...
... Another limitation that has hindered the widespread adoption of CCH in TES systems is low thermal conductivity. This impacts the charging and discharging rate of the salt hydrate thereby resulting in protracted thermal cycling duration, and ultimately lower thermal performance [18]. A solution to this problem includes the use of lowcost, higher thermal conductivity materials as additives to enhance the effective conductivity of the CCH mixture. ...
... Firstly, as can be shown in Fig. 7a, the average energy storage capacity (ESC) of pure CCH is calculated to be 177 Jg − 1 based on a preliminary thermal cycling measurement of up to 10 cycles using DSC analysis. This agrees with the values reported by Zhang et al. [18]. With the addition of CNF and SCH, the ESC of the resulting PCM composite, CCH-SC 1.0 is evaluated as 181 Jg − 1 . ...
Enhanced thermal reliability and performance of calcium chloride hexahydrate phase change material using cellulose nanofibril and graphene nanoplatelet
Article
  • Dec 2023
In recent years, thermal energy storage (TES) has gained attention for its role in enhancing renewable energy solutions and sustainable energy consumption. The usage of strontium chloride hexahydrate (SCH), graphene nanoplatelet (GNP), and cellulose nanofibril (CNF) additives were investigated to enhance the performance of calcium chloride hexahydrate (CCH) based on the melting/solidification behavior for TES applications. In this work, we develop a promising phase-change-material (PCM) formulation by introducing these additives that reduce supercooling, improve the thermal conductivity and stabilizing the energy storage capacity of CCH. Rheological characterizations demonstrated that the addition of 1 wt% of CNF into CCH produced the required improvement in viscosity and boosted solid-like rheological behavior. Structural characterizations show a physical mixing of the materials within the PCM composites. Our observations show that the amphiphilicity of CNF enables the surface attachment to GNP via hydrophobic interactions providing effective dispersion of GNP throughout the PCM composite. The addition of a nucleating agent, SCH decreased the degree of supercooling of ~20 g of CCH from >20 ◦C to 3 ◦C at a cooling rate of 5 ◦C/min. Thermal characterization showed the resulting PCM composite has a latent heat of melting of 186 Jg−1, phase change temperature of 32 ◦C, and stable thermal properties after being subjected to 70 melt-freeze cycles. Adding CNF and GNP to pure CCH increased its thermal conductivity by 76 %. The high thermal conductivity of GNP and its effective dispersion by CNF is responsible for this enhancement. The study highlights the use of biodegradable nanocellulose for the preparation of sustainable PCM composites with improved performance. These PCM composites are scalable, they have potential to increase energy efficiency and revolutionalize the heating/cooling applications in buildings and other TES systems.
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