Women and children's burial assemblages with weapons at Carratiermes (redrawn with modifications after Argente et al., 2001: graves 54, 201, 519, 621).

Women and children's burial assemblages with weapons at Carratiermes (redrawn with modifications after Argente et al., 2001: graves 54, 201, 519, 621).

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The Late Iron Age has traditionally been portrayed as an age of swords, Celtic-patterned shields, and bronze cauldrons, a time of warfare, banquets, and raids, mostly starring male warriors. But what do we know about the rest of the population, especially women? Is it possible, based on the same data, to uncover an alternative narrative that includ...

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... the Meseta cemeteries, weapons were deposited with individuals of all ages and both sexes, including a double burial with an adult female and foetus, children, or individuals seventy years old (e.g. graves 262, 302, 347, and 607;Argente et al., 2001) ( Figure 5). The relationship between children and weapons is strong in most cemeteries. ...

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Since the beginning of Iron Age archaeology, urban agglomerations have dominated the debate on urbanism. The rural settlements – their types, functions and socio‐political dynamics – have been practically absent from the general discussion. The territorial backdrop of the Late Iron Age communities can provide both a new comparative framework in which to approach urban studies and essential keys to understanding how these societies worked. Developed from recent research into the oppida territories of the Eastern Meseta in central Spain, this paper presents a territorial overview that includes a characterization of the rural settlement, population figures and the role of urban centres as a proxy for territorial identities. This work also explores the network of relationships between oppida and between urban‐rural areas. In conclusion, this article argues that examining the rural‐urban settlement as a whole will lead us to a better understanding of the urban dynamics of the first millennium BC.