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The aims of the current study were to explore possible gender differences in weight misperception, self-reported physical fitness, and dieting, and to analyze the relationship between these variables and others, such as self-esteem, body appreciation, general mental health, and eating- and body image-related variables among adolescents. In addition...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the participants who were at normal weight, 28.10% perceived their weight slightly or very high and 5.90% considered their weight slightly or very low. Finally, among those who were overweight or obese, 59% considered themselves as at a normal weight and 24% perceived that they were slightly underweight (Table 1). Based on the scores of IPAQ, 188 (28.70%), 386 (58.93%) and 81 (12.36%) participants were classified as having low, moderate and high level of physical activity respectively. ...
Citations
... This might be explained by a study on American adolescents which suggested that accurate weight perception of being overweight or obese might increase awareness and sensitivity of weight stigma, while inaccurately having perceived themselves as about the right weight might act as a protective factor against depression in overweight and obese adolescents [41]. Similarly, adolescents who perceived themselves to be of normal weight but were actually underweight appeared to have better mental health [55]. This shows the possible protective effect of perceived normal weight on adolescents' mental well-being. ...
Background
Adolescent mental health problems are becoming increasingly prevalent, and there are correlations between weight-related concerns and adolescent mental health. The aim of this study is to explore the association between three weight-related factors (actual weight, weight perception, and weight teasing) and mental health problems (depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness) in Chinese adolescents.
Methods
10,070 adolescents between the ages of 11–18 from schools in Shanghai, China were selected using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Self-reported questionnaires were collected to investigate weight-related factors and mental health problems. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship.
Results
The prevalence of depressive symptoms, loneliness, mild anxiety symptoms, and moderate to severe anxiety symptoms among adolescents were 18.0%, 53.8%, 26.5%, and 12.3%, respectively, with a higher prevalence found in females. After adjusting for weight perception and weight teasing, actual weight had no harmful impact on adolescents’ mental health. Adolescents' perception of being overweight increased the risk of depressive symptoms, loneliness, mild anxiety symptoms, and moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, while the perception of being underweight had a similar but more profound impact (depressive symptoms OR = 1.590, 95% CI: 1.342–1.883; loneliness OR = 1.537, 95% CI: 1.353–1.746; mild anxiety symptoms OR = 1.368, 95% CI: 1.178–1.589; moderate to severe anxiety symptoms OR = 1.780, 95% CI: 1.449–2.186). Experiencing weight teasing more than once a year had a greater effect on adolescents' mental health, especially among adolescents with overweight/obesity (depressive symptoms OR = 2.970, 95% CI: 2.325–3.793; loneliness OR = 3.839, 95% CI: 3.119–4.727; mild anxiety symptoms OR = 2.822, 95% CI: 2.236–3.562; moderate to severe anxiety symptoms OR = 5.212, 95% CI: 3.846–7.065).
Conclusions
The prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents was high, especially loneliness. Weight perception and weight teasing, but not the actual weight, independently influenced adolescent mental health.
... Moreover, ED patient's perception of their "fitness" can be distorted, explaining why there is a discrepancy in the association between their awareness of body signals (Factor 3) and the feeling of being "fit" (item 15). Furthermore, body dissatisfaction is mediated by "changes in individual perceptions of their physical fitness and competence" (Jáuregui-Lobera et al., 2013). Varying levels of body dissatisfaction could have been present in the sample, particularly since our sample was curated from different levels of patient care. ...
Purpose: This study aimed to adapt and assess the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the Exercise in Eating Disorders Questionnaire (EED-Q) in order to diversify and offer a more comprehensive, effective, and standardized assessment of maladaptive exercise (ME) in ED.
Methods: The EED-Q is a self-reported questionnaire that assesses eating disorders (ED) patients’ attitudes towards exercise. Based on the four-factor model of the original version, the EED-Q was adapted through forward and back-translation and inconsistencies were addressed through a committee of experts. Then, the EED-Q Spanish version (S-EED-Q) was administered to 172 patients with eating disorders (age= 15.28 ± 1.64 years). An exploratory factor analysis was computed to assess the construct validity. Inter-item correlations, item-factor correlations, McDonald’s Omega, and Cronbach’s Alpha were estimated to test the internal consistency (reliability). In addition, convergent validity was tested by relating EED-Q and the Eating Disorders Inventory 2 (EDI-2) scores, discriminant validity was assessed comparing EED-Q item-factor correlations, and divergent validity was conducted by analyzing EED-Q factor correlations.
Results: The S-EED-Q revealed significant generalized correlations among the scale items and showed good reliability scores (McDonald’s Omega and Cronbach’s alpha >0.7) except for Factor 2 (McDonald’s Omega = 0.63 and Cronbach’s alpha = 0.58). After eliminating items 8 and 15 due to their low factor loadings, the EFA revealed a robust empirical factor structure, adequate to the theoretical model, with good levels of total explained variance (65%). Convergent, discriminant and divergent validity showed good performance: results showed expected correlations between EED-Q and EDI-2, all items achieved higher item-factor correlations in their theoretical factor than in the others, and all factor-factor correlations were as expected.
Conclusion: This study is the first to adapt and validate the S-EED-Q. The psychometric properties of the S-EED-Q compared to the original version were supported with some limitations. Although the psychometric properties of the scale are adequate and the construct, convergent, discriminant and divergent validity are endorsed, some of the original items are questionable. Likewise, the items of the positive and healthy exercise factor require an in-depth revision.
... The liver is also a main detoxification organ in the body and has a wide range of antioxidant defense systems necessary to control reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. These systems include superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH), the activity of these enzymes is higher in the liver than in other tissues (Marczuk-Krynicka et al., 2003 andMojahed et al., 2016), food-restriction induces oxidative stress and leads to alteration in the antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver tissue ( Siegfried et al., 2003., Celik et al., 2012and Jáuregui-Lobera et al., 2013. Lasègue acknowledged that food abstinence increased the patient's aptitude for movement. ...
Anorexia nervosa disease is an eating deficiency that occurs around 1 per 100 individuals. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of malnutrition (animal anorexia nervosa models) via removing certain elements from food on liver functions and behaviours of female rats. Eighteen Females of rats were divided into three groups: Control, in which food intake quantity was 25 g /day, moderately food-restricted Group, in which food intake quantity was 15 g /day, and severe food-restricted Group, in which food intake quantity was 5 g /day, for 90 days. Physiological parameters, liver histopathological analysis, and the behaviour measurement by multiple T maze tests were examined. All food-restricted groups observed a significant increase (p<0.05) in aminotransferase, Malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Antioxidant activity, acid phosphatase, hepatic protein, glycogen and serotonin levels were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in all food-restricted groups. The hyperactivity behaviour appeared as a feature of restricted rats. Histopathological examinations indicated a marked alteration in the hepatocyte with features of autophagy in the restricted Group. Food-restriction (animal anorexia nervosa model) in rats caused disorders in hepatic aminotransferase and serotonin levels and antioxidant activity in addition to hyperactivity behaviours with changes in the liver histological structure in the restricted Group. The study focused on the effect deficiency in essential nutrients needed by the body may have side effects on liver functions and behavioural activity of the animals linked with food searching was measured by multiple T maze tests.
... Estos hallazgos de la mala percepción de la imagen corporal en los adolescentes coincide con la que ya han puesto de manifi esto otros autores (32) . Pero, aunque no lo manifi esten, en su creencia interior sí coinciden más con la realidad ya que, cuando se les pregunta si quieren adelgazar, un 40% de los varones quieren (lo que coincide ya con la cifra real de prevalencia de exceso de peso) y en las chicas el 50%, algo más que la prevalencia del exceso de peso, debido la presión que existe en la sociedad de un estereotipo de mujer delgada. ...
... School personnel's perception of their own weight as well as weight control behaviors like dieting could also be relevant. Indeed, the perception of overweight is associated with a higher risk of dieting behaviors [13] and both can be nurtured by the belief that weight is controllable and can be modified through behavioral changes [14]. However, no research so far has studied whether or not weight-related bullying intervention behaviors adopted by school personnel can vary according to their weight perception and dieting Submit your Manuscript | www.austinpublishinggroup.com behaviors. ...
To increase academic performance in children, elementary school personnel are encouraged to focus on socio-emotional learning. Better classroom management and safer environments, exempt of bullying and particularly of weight-related bullying, appear like ways of fostering socio-emotional learning in children. However, some school personnel’s characteristics could impact their ability to act on these dimensions. This research is interested in how weightrelated intervention behaviors, self-esteem and sense of self-efficacy vary according to school personnel’s dieting behaviors and weight perception are related to their self-esteem, sense of self-efficacy, and intervention behaviors on weight-related bullying. A total of 164 Canadian participants filled in questionnaires focusing on bullying, self-esteem, and sense of self-efficacy. Results show that most school personnel felt competent to manage their group of students and to intervene on weight-related bullying. Those who were on a diet and who perceived their weight as higher seem significantly more involved in promoting motivation for school and learning engagement in their students as well as more likely to intervene with the bully when encountering weight-related bullying situations. For their part, participants of normal weight who were on a diet had a significantly lower self-esteem than those dieting and having a perception of overweight. These results are encouraging because they suggest that elementary school personnel feel competent with regards to the socioemotional learning of their students and is actively involved in providing them a safe learning environment.
... Such findings correlate well with the data from the other studies [17,18]. Overestimation of body size may have a negative influence on self-esteem and rise psychological, social and dietary issues [19]. It must be noted that female patients perceive their body size more realistically than males. ...
Background
The attitudes towards obesity may have an important role on healthier behavior. The goal of the present study was to explore the attitudes towards obesity and to investigate how these attitudes were associated with lifestyle-changing behavior among the patients attending primary care centers, health care professionals and public health experts.
Methods
This cross-sectional survey study was performed in 10 primary care offices in different regions in Lithuania and in 2 public health institutions. Nine hundred thirty-four patients, 97 nurses, 65 physicians and 30 public health experts have filled the questionnaire about attitudes towards obesity and presented data about lifestyle-changing activities during last 12 months. The attitudes were compared between different respondent groups and factors associated with healthier behaviors were analyzed among overweight/obese individuals in our study population.
Results
Participants failed to visually recognize correct figure corresponding to male and female with obesity. Majority of respondents’ perceived obesity as a risk factor for heart diseases and diabetes but had less knowledge about other diseases associated with weight. About one third of respondents changed their lifestyle during last 12 months. Overweight individuals with age < 45 years (OR 1.64, 1.06–2.55; p = 0.025) were more likely and those who overestimated current weight (OR 0.44, 0.20–0.96; p = 0.036) less likely to change their lifestyle. Disappointment with their current weight (OR 2.57, 1.36–4.84; p = 0.003) was associated with healthier behavior among participants with obesity.
Conclusion
Participants had similar body size perception and knowledge about obesity. Younger age had significant association with lifestyle changing behavior among overweight individuals and disappointment with current weight among obese participants.
... Os hábitos são formados desde a infância e vão se modificando conforme o processo de socialização vai ocorrendo, e na adolescência estes hábitos se alteram na busca da identidade grupal [33]. É necessária uma conduta adequada e séria do nutricionista no âmbito clínico e ambulatorial perante crianças e adolescentes, uma vez que a percepção equivocada do peso bem como o comportamento alimentar podem ser preditores de desenvolvimento de TA nesta fase [34]. da metade das alunas não apresentaram distúrbios alimentares conforme predita o EAT-26 e apenas 15 alunas sinalizaram algum tipo de distúrbio. ...
O Nutricionista tem papel fundamental no auxílio do controle de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis por meio da promoção da mudança do estilo de vida e de uma alimentação saudável, ressaltando as particularidades de cada indivíduo. É de extrema importância o entendimento do comportamento alimentar de um indivíduo e seus fatores correlacionados. Objetivo foi avaliar a relação do comportamento alimentar com a percepção de imagem corporal de indivíduos. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS com os descritores “feeding behaviour”, “body image”, “diet”, “nutritionists” e “nutritional status”, utilizando a técnica booleana “AND” e “OR” de artigos publicados entre 2013-2019. No total foram utilizados 32 artigos. A pesquisa dos artigos foi feita no período de junho-setembro de 2019. Os instrumentos mais utilizados para avaliação de comportamento alimentar e imagem corporal foram o Eating Attitude Test-26 e o Body Shape Questionnaire. Na maioria dos estudos foi possível observar a insatisfação corporal em indivíduos eutróficos. Entre crianças e adolescentes, os meninos apresentam maior satisfação com a aparência. Em relação à avaliação da autoimagem, a maioria das adolescentes desejava uma silhueta menor. O comportamento alimentar inadequado e a insatisfação corporal foram observados nestes indivíduos e estão fortemente associados à restrição alimentar. Entre universitários, a insatisfação corporal foi encontrada sobretudo nas mulheres. Aproximadamente, metade das mulheres almeja pesar menos ou sentem-se acima do peso e estão mais susceptíveis à idealização do “corpo perfeito”. Atletas buscam demasiadamente um corpo que condiz com a sua prática esportiva para terem sempre melhor desempenho físico. Aqueles que se percebem acima do peso apresentam um comportamento alimentar mais restritivo. Estes fatores são destacados em crianças e adolescentes, universitários, mulheres e praticantes de exercícios físicos. A autopercepção de imagem corporal está diretamente relacionada com comportamento alimentar e pode até ser considerada um determinante do mesmo.
... Estos resultados contrastan con un estudio realizado en universitarios chilenos y panameños, en el que 67% tuvo una percepción errónea de su imagen corporal con respecto al estado nutricional según IMC y de estos 49% sobrestimó su peso y un 18% lo subestimó(6) .Respecto a la sobrestimación del peso observado en estudiantes con bajo peso, y la subestimación de los que presentaban obesidad, éstos resultados son coherentes con el estudio de Soto-Ruíz et al(2) (2015) en el que de los estudiantes con peso insuficiente, el 72,1% se identificaron con siluetas de mayor IMC y entre los estudiantes con obesidad, el 89,7% subestimaban su IMC. Estos hallazgos son bastante alertadores ya que se evidencian que dentro de los factores asociados directamente con la presencia de distorsión de la percepción del propio cuerpo, se encuentra el IMC(16,17) y se distinguen dos graves problemas: el hecho de que los jóvenes con bajo peso sobreestimen su IMC podría llegar a ocasionar la aparición de Trastorno de la Conducta alimentaria (TCA) y de hecho esta alteración de la percepción de la imagen corporal, puede considerarse factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de un TCA; y por otro lado, muestra cómo la percepción de la imagen corporal se ve influenciada por el grado de sobrepeso/obesidad lo cual puede dificultar la identificación o percepción del problema de exceso de peso y no ponerle solución.En cuanto al estudio de la percepción de imagen corporal según características sociodemográficas, los antecedentes señalan la existencia de una relación entre edad y sobreestimación (a menor edad, mayor sobre-estimación)(18,19) , en ese sentido en el presente trabajo, no se observaron diferencias según grupo de edad, pero sí concuerda con el antecedente ya que en los menores de 25 años la frecuencia de distorsión fue ligeramente superior (37% vs 30%).Respecto al sexo, la proporción de hombres con distorsión de imagen corporal fue mayor comparada con las mujeres, este resultado es discordante con la mayoría de los estudios, en donde las mujeres constituyen un grupo de riesgo para esta alteración por preocuparse más por su figura corporal ya sea por la presión misma de la profesión o por los estereotipos corporales impuestos por la sociedad(20) ; sin embargo, la distorsión sufrida por los hombres sufrida en el presente estudio fue la subestimación de su peso en todos los casos y las mujeres ...
Background: Alteration in the perception of body image is a characteristic of certain eating disorders. Among the risk groups, students of nutrition career are found. Objective: to determine the concordance between the actual nutritional status and the perception of the body image of first and second year students of the nutrition career of private universities in Asunción in August 2019. In an analytical correlation study, a non-probabilistic sample of 97 students was included. A self-administered questionnaire that included sociodemographic data was used; actual nutritional status was determined by Body Mass Index and perception of body image by the Stunkard silhouettes scale. Distortion of the body image was considered when between the real and the perceived BMI it was above or below -2 and +2;for association between variables a p value of<0.05was considered statistical significant. Results: Real nutritional status was normal in 68% of the students; 36% presented distortion of their body image. Concordance between the actual nutritional status and the perception of body image was moderate (Kappa 0.491).Discrepancy between real nutritional status and perceived body image was higher in those who presented underweight and overweight. Conclusion: Students with underweight overestimated their weight which it could put them at risk of some eating disorder, and those who underestimated their weight are likely to suffer obesity for not dimensioning it as a problem.
... Our results indicate that a high level of attachment avoidance is indirectly associated with lower perspective taking through lower levels of interpersonal EC in patients with AN. In addition, lower cognitive empathy in AN is not associated with increased depression and anxiety symptoms and could rather be associated with altered social skills in AN patients (Jáuregui-Lobera et al., 2013). Specifically, the association between lower interpersonal EC and perspective taking could lead to impairments in interpersonal relationships, such as difficulty in developing and maintaining satisfactory interpersonal relationships, leading to social isolation. ...
The present research examined a model that evaluates the mediating role of both intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competences (ECs) between attachment insecurity and the cognitive and emotional dimensions of empathy in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Women with AN completed the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, the Profile of Emotional Competence, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The results revealed that intrapersonal EC mediated the relationships between attachment insecurity (i.e., attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) and emotional empathy in patients with AN. Importantly, a high emotional empathy in AN was associated with increased depression and anxiety symptoms. The results also indicated that a high level of attachment avoidance was indirectly associated with lower cognitive empathy through lower levels of interpersonal EC in AN. The present study emphasizes the importance of differentiating affective empathy from cognitive empathy and suggests clinical interventions in patients with AN.
... Weight misperception is an important dimension of body concern, which has been defined as the discordance between an individual's actual weight and perceived weight status, and may indirectly reflect body dissatisfaction [8,9]. However, body dissatisfaction and weight misperception are different to body perception. ...
... Misperception of the ideal body shape has negative physical and mental effects [8,10,11]. Little has been known about the relationship between weight misperception patterns and depressive symptoms. This study explored the relationship between distortion of weight misperception patterns and depressive symptoms in Korean adolescents. ...
... It has also been reported that underweight students who perceived themselves as a normal weight, experienced a healthier psychological status than their peers [8]. ...
Objectives:
Misperception of weight status is a risk factor that affects psychological health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between weight misperception patterns and psychological distress among Iranian children and adolescents.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional nationwide study where data was collected from 14,440 students, aged 7-18 years who participated in the national school-based surveillance program (CASPIAN-V). The students' weight perception and psychological distress were assessed by validated questionnaires. Weight misperception was classified as misperception of being either underweight or overweight with respect to actual weight.
Results:
The rate of weight misperception in all study participants was 59.1%. In groups with a perception of being underweight or overweight, the risks of worthlessness, being worried, experiencing aggression, insomnia, or depression, were significantly higher than groups with an accurate weight perception (p < 0.05). The risk of anxiety in girls of normal weight who perceived themselves as underweight, decreased by 57% compared to girls with an accurate weight perception (OR: 0.43; 95% CI, 0.28-0.66).
Conclusion:
Weight misperception is highly prevalent among Iranian children and adolescents and is associated with their psychological health status. Appropriate education intervention needs to be developed to improve the children and adolescents' perception of their body weight status.
