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Water-soluble dry matter content of apple fruit of eight land varieties and a control (Pórszombat, 2019)
Source publication
The study examines applefruit qualityattributes of eight cultivars, i.e., weight, size, flesh firmness,and soluble dry matter content. Half of the examined cultivars matchedthe fruit quality of the control ‘Golden Delicious’. Additionally, the study evaluated each cultivar’snutritionalvalue and how they can serveas functional foods.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... water-soluble dry matter content of the land varieties ranged from 11 to 17 Brix value and equaled or exceeded Brix of the control 'Golden Delicious' (Figure 5.). The sample of 'Golden Delicious' from a conventional orchard in Pórszombat had a lower Brix value than the sample from a high density orchard which had reached Brix 12. ...
Context 2
... water-soluble dry matter content of the land varieties ranged from 11 to 17 Brix value and equaled or exceeded Brix of the control 'Golden Delicious' (Figure 5.). The sample of 'Golden Delicious' from a conventional orchard in Pórszombat had a lower Brix value than the sample from a high density orchard which had reached Brix 12. ...
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Citations
... In every region of the world where the cultivation of apple trees has developed, there are many varieties of unknown origin, which are referred to as local cultivars. They are often characterized by unique nutritional values or qualities that enable them to survive (Király et al., 2020). In some countries, e.g. ...
... In some countries, e.g. Hungary (Király et al., 2020), Bosnia-Herzegovina (Stanivuković et al., 2017), Montenegro (Božović et al., 2013), the United States (Miller, 2014), Iran (Damyar et al., 2007), the presence of so-called local cultivars, i.e. those that can adapt to the conditions prevailing in a given region, is noted. For many years, they have been grown on a small scale for local markets. ...
... Unfortunately, determining what the old and new cultivar is not unambiguous. 'Golden Delicious' in some experiments is considered an old cultivar (Wojdyło et al., 2008;Mitre et al., 2009), and in some as a representative of new cultivars (Kschonsek et al., 2018;Morresi et al., 2018;Király et al., 2020;Ceci et al., 2021). This is probably due to the fact that although this cultivar was bred in the nineteenth century, its share in the varietal structure of many countries is still significant. ...
Apples are among the most consumed fruits in the world. After China, the European Union is one of the biggest producers of apples. Due to the appropriate soil and climatic conditions, Poland is a leading producer of these fruits in the world and the European Union. Currently, the cultivar structure on the European market is limited to about 12 varieties. This leads to the genetic impoverishment and loss of many local cultivars. Due to the unattractive external appearance of apples or the alternation of fruiting, are losing to the currently popular standards. The breeding of new cultivars is based on a limited number of ancestors, which poses the risk of reduced genetic diversity. The decline in biodiversity is also due to crop specialization. In every region of the world where apple cultivation has developed, there are many cultivars of unknown origin, which are referred to as local cultivars. They often have unique nutritional values or traits that enable them to survive. The preservation of these cultivars is justified due to the possibility of their use in breeding new cultivars, including those resistant to diseases. They can also be used in the food industry for the production of juices, cider, and high-percentage distillates, as well as functional food. In addition, due to the higher content of some health-promoting ingredients, they are suitable for the production of, for example, anti-ageing cosmetics. There are few native old cultivars in Poland. Before World War II, apple trees of English, French, German, Italian, Dutch, Belgian, Czech, Russian, and American origin predominated in Polish orchards. Old and local cultivars have remained only in home orchards, but due to the relatively short life of apple trees, they are in danger of becoming extinct. Poland protected old and local cultivars by ratifying the Convention on Biological Diversity of Rio de Janeiro in 1992. The collection and preservation of these apple cultivars are carried out by research centres and Botanical Gardens, among others in Warsaw, Poznań, Bolestraszyce, Drawa, and Lublin.
