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Water requirements -optimum ETP -in the main irrigated crops determined by water balance in the soil, Cluj- Napoca -Mean, 1964 -2002
Source publication
This study represents a synthesis of the results of 39 years of researches (1964-2002) regarding the water requirements of the principal field crops.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the ground of the data recorded after the method of the water balance from the soil, for 39 years, the daily, the monthly and the total water requirements have been calculated and also have been calculated the sources of superposition of the water (table 1 and 2). Also, the water requirements of the field cultures has been calculated with the three indirect methods as well as the coefficient of correction of the potential evapotranspiration for every method and culture in part, in relation to the method of the water balance from the soil (table 3 and 4). ...
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Citations
... there is competition among municipal, industry customers and agriculture for the finite quantity of to be had water, estimating irrigation water necessities accurately is essential for water undertaking planning and management" [1]. The number one objective of irrigation is to apply water to preserve crop evapotranspiration (and many others) while precipitation is inadequate [2][3][4]. The finite general amount of to be had water is essential for the economic system, health, and welfare of a totally massive a part of the developing world [5][6][7]. ...
A study was conducted to determine the water demand of wheat crops in the area around the Tonna Pumping Canal. It used 2017-2018 climate data to determine the need for wheat crops in water in CROPWAT. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) was determined using the FAO Penman Monteith method. When considering wheat crops, four stages of crop growth were considered: early stage, development stage, mid-maturity, and late-maturity stages. Crops were planted in the 2017 rabi season and yields were determined for each. This study shows that baseline evapotranspiration (ETo) in the study area ranges from 1.48 to 3.98 mm/day. Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and water demand for wheat crops ranged from 0.44 to 3.75 mm/day and 1.9 to 39.8 mm/day. The maximum water demand was 0.13 l/s/ha or 1.1 mm/day Original Research Article Ranjan et al.; Int. J. Environ. Clim. Change, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 126-133, 2023; Article no.IJECC.95959 127 with 65% efficiency. The irrigation water demand was estimated at about 27.93 mm/day, and the actual water intake was 81,000.29 m 3. The canal can therefore provide a convenient supply of the water needed to irrigate the area.
... The crop water requirement of tomato was determined by CROWAT 8 software using FAO Penman-Monteith equation (Luca et al. 2003;FAO 2002) for the growing period from January to May 2013. Metrological parameters like rainfall, temperature and sunshine hours were collected using New-LocClim software for a specific location. ...
Optimizing irrigation water requirement is necessary to improve productivity of irrigated agriculture. Hence, adapting the knowledge of irrigation scheduling for specific crop and location is important. Field experiment was then conducted in Raya Alamata district of Tigray, Ethiopia to investigate the impact of different irrigation water levels on yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of tomato. Eight treatments (50, 35, 25% above estimated crop water requirement (CWR), estimated CWR, 25, 35, 50% below the estimated CWR and farmers practice) were arranged in randomized complete block design under three replications. Tomato water requirement was estimated using CROPWAT 8 software and it was estimated to be 500 mm throughout the base period. The result indicates significant difference between marketable yield (MY), total yield (TY) and IWUE of tomato by the level of irrigation. The application of estimated CWR of tomato gave higher MY (36.37 ton/ha) and TY (38.58 ton/ha). Unmarketable fruit yield of tomato was unaffected by level of irrigation. Farmers’ practice gave considerable MY (36.32 ton/ha). But, the depth of water applied by farmers throughout the growing season was 561 mm which was 12.2% above the estimated CWR. The yield obtained per unit of applied water (IWUE) ranges from 0.357 to 0.876 kg/m³ for the different irrigation water levels. This shows that IWUE increases with decreasing depth of water application. In conclusion, deficit irrigation practice could be successful in saving irrigation water up to 35% of tomato CWR without significant reduction in fruit yield of tomato in regions where water is a limiting factor for vegetable production.
... It is also very important to know the growth characteristics of the plants, especially in correlation to drought stress, which can affect remarkably the development of the planting area and its yield increase (Faberio et al., 2003). Furthermore, in the actual context of both global and local climate change, a regular analysis of the evolution of climatic factors is not only indicated, but fully justified (Luca et al., 2003;Smit, 2010). below 20 °C; x=rainfall in late winter) (Luca et al., 2003). ...
... Furthermore, in the actual context of both global and local climate change, a regular analysis of the evolution of climatic factors is not only indicated, but fully justified (Luca et al., 2003;Smit, 2010). below 20 °C; x=rainfall in late winter) (Luca et al., 2003). During the three years of research, the evolution of the thermal and precipitation regimes was analysed based on the data registered at Turda Weather Station (longitude: 23°47'; latitude: 46°35'; altitude: 427 m) (Figs. 1 and 2). ...
... The current research was carried out between 2012-2014 in North-West Romania, in the S-SW part of the Transylvanian Plain, on an experimental field located in the S-E part of Cluj County (latitude N: 46°34'16", longitude E: 23°53'44", altitude: 382 m). The studied area is situated in the Transylvanian Basin, presenting accurately all the physical and geographical characteristics of the unit to which it belongs (Luca et al., 2003). ...
The current study was carried out to analyse three sugar beet genotypes regarding to the economic yield and the potential to produce bioethanol, under the influence of furrow irrigation regime in specific conditions of Transylvanian Plain, North- West Romania. The research factors, genotype ('Leila', 'Clementina' and 'Libero') and irrigation regime were studied within a polyfactorial experimental design. The results obtained indicated that in specific climatic conditions of Transylvanian Plain, 'Libero' genotype had a great performance and produced the highest yields. The average production of 'Libero' genotype was superior than 'Clementina' and 'Leila' varieties, both in irrigated and non-irrigated conditions, as it follows: 38.98 t ha-1, respectively, 52.72 t ha-1 in the first year of research; 47.63 t ha-1, respectively, 59.73 t ha-1 (in the second year); 2014-60.87 t ha-1, respectively, 74.43 t ha-1 (in the third year). Moreover, the production increased with 11.5% under irrigated conditions for all the studied genotypes. The results also revealed the positive influence of the irrigation regime on the qualitative parameters of the bioethanol (ethanol, higher saturated monoalcohols, methanol, water, inorganic chloride, cooper, phosphorous, sulphur etc.) indicating that the obtained bioethanol might be a viable alternative for fossil fuels.
... Jehanger et al., [6] reported that rice requires more water than those of other crops. Luca et al., [7] and Broner and Schneekloth [4] obtained values in the same range for the water requirement of maize. Saravanan et.al [8] carried out study to determine the water requirement of main crops in the perumal tank irrigation command area in Cuddalore district. ...
A study is carried out to determine the crop water requirement of some selected crops for the command area in Kunigal taluk. These crops include rice, pulses, groundnut, sugarcane and millet (ragi). Crop water requirement for each of the crops is determined by using 30-year climatic data in CROPWAT. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) is determined using the FAO Penman Monteith method. For all the crops considered, three decades: decades I, II, and III and seven crop growth stages: nursery, nursery / land preparation, land preparation, initial stage, development stage, mid-season and late season stage are considered. The study shows that for the area under study, reference evapotranspiration (ETo) varied from 3.11 to 5.29 mm/day. Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop water requirement for sugarcane varied from 1.61mm/day to 3.46mm/day and 0.0 mm/dec to 51.9 mm/dec, for ragi (millet) from 1.44 mm/day to 3.46 mm/day and 0.0 mm/dec to 2.6 mm/dec, for groundnut( rabi) from 0.66 mm/day to 4.45 mm/day and 0.0 mm/dec to 43.9 mm/dec,
for groundnut (kharif) from 1.78 mm/day to 4.34 mm/day and 0.0 mm/dec to 14.6 mm/dec, for rice from 0.39 mm/day
to 4.82 mm/day and 1.5 mm/dec to 184.9 mm/dec, and for pulses from 2.41 mm/day to 4.22 mm/day and 13.2
mm/dec to 38 mm/dec respectively. The gross water requirement is 939.14 mm/year with an application efficiency of 70%. Therefore the entire land area of 6572 ha requires 61.72 MCM. Thus the dam can conveniently supply the water required for irrigation in the area.
... A generic amount of water (mm yr -1 ) required by each energy crop was determined through literature review (Biewinga and van der Bijl, 1996, Calado et al., 2008, Dalianis et al., 1995, Fabeiro et al., 2001, Fabeiro et al., 2003, FAO, 2010, Fernandez et al., 2006, Gasol et al., 2007, Gerbens-Leenes et al. 2009a, Harrison and Butterfield, 1996, Harrisson et al., 2000, Ierna, 2009, LCAinfo, 2009, Luca et al., 2003, Luger, 2002, Majumbar, 2004, Pereira and Shock, 2006, Supit et al., 2010. ...
... Jehanger et al., (2004) reported that rice require more water than other those of other crops. Luca et al., (2003) and Broner and Schneekloth 2003) obtained values in the same range for the water requirement of maize. ...
A study was carried out to determine the crop water requirement of some selected crops for the area around Kampe (Omi) Dam Irrigation Project. These crops include rice, maize, tomato, vegetable amaranth, pepper, onion and cabbage. Crop water requirement for each of the crops was determined by using 25-year climatic data in CROPWAT. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET o) was determined using the FAO Penman Monteith method. For all the crops considered, three decades: decades I, II, and III and seven crop growth stages: nursery, nursery/land preparation, land preparation, initial stage, development stage, mid-season and late season stage were considered. Crops were planted during the 2007 Rainy Season and the crop coefficient for each was determined. The study shows that for the area under study, reference evapotranspiration (ET o) varied from 3.4 to 4.8 mm/day. Crop evapotranspiration (ET c) and crop water requirement for paddy rice varied from 0.28 to 4.18 mm/day and 2.0 to 102.4 mm/day, for maize from 1.82 to 4.88 and 1.3 to 45.6 mm/day, for tomato from 8.7 to 52.8 and 0.0 to 45.2 mm/day, for vegetable from 3.07 to 4.74 and from 7.4 to 45.6 mm/day, for pepper 3.13 to 4.8 and from 15.1 to 40.7 mm/day, for onion from 1.80 to 38.4 mm/day, and for cabbage from 28.2 to 40.9 mm/day respectively. The peak water requirement was 0.63 l/s/ha or 5.4 mm/day with an application efficiency of 65%. Irrigation water requirement was estimated as about 61.2 MCM while the actual water diverted was 131 MCM. The reservoir capacity was 220 MCM. Thus the dam can conveniently supply the water required for irrigation in the area. Keywords: Crop water requirement, peak water requirement, total crop water requirement, reference evapotranspiration, crop evapotranspiration and climatic data. Abbreviations: l/s/ha_Litres/second/hectare, MCM_Million cubic meter (10 6 m 3), mm/day, ET A _Crop evapotranspiration (mm), CWR_Crop water requirement, NIWR_Net irrigation water requirement,ET o _Reference crop evapotranspiration
... Jehanger et al., (2004) reported that rice require more water than other those of other crops. Luca et al., (2003) and Broner and Schneekloth 2003) obtained values in the same range for the water requirement of maize. ...
... Jehanger et al., (2004) reported that rice require more water than other those of other crops. Luca et al., (2003) and Broner and Schneekloth 2003) obtained values in the same range for the water requirement of maize. ...
A study was carried out to determine the crop water requirement of some selected crops for the area around Kampe (Omi) Dam. Irrigation Project. These crops include rice, maize, tomato, vegetable amaranth, pepper, onion and cabbage. Crop water requirement for each of the crops was determined by using 25-year climatic data in CROPWAT. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) was determined using the FAO Penman Monteith method. For all the crops considered, three decades: decades I, II, and III and seven crop growth stages: nursery, nursery/land preparation, land preparation, initial stage, development stage, mid-season and late season stage were considered. Crops were planted during the 2007 Rainy Season and the crop coefficient for each was determined. The study shows that for the area under study, reference evapotranspiration (ETo) varied from 3.4 to 4.8 mm/day. Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop water requirement for paddy rice varied from 0.28 to 4.18 mm/day and 2.0 to 102.4 mm/day, for maize from 1.82 to 4.88 and 1.3 to 45.6 mm/day, for tomato from 8.7 to 52.8 and 0.0 to 45.2 mm/day, for vegetable from 3.07 to 4.74 and from 7.4 to 45.6 mm/day, for pepper 3.13 to 4.8 and from 15.1 to 40.7 mm/day, for onion from 1.80 to 38.4 mm/day, and for cabbage from 28.2 to 40.9 mm/day respectively. The peak water requirement was 0.63 l/s/ha or 5.4 mm/day with an application efficiency of 65%. Irrigation water requirement was estimated as about 61.2 MCM while the actual water diverted was 131 MCM. The reservoir capacity was 220 MCM. Thus the dam can conveniently supply the water required for irrigation in the area.
The aim of this paper is to bring a significant contribution to optimize the sugar beet crop technology, regarding the influence of the irrigation regime on sugar beet yield and its economic efficiency in the conditions of the Transylvanian Plain. The comparative analysis of the sugar beet yield registered during the experimental period 2006 -2008, both in non-irrigated and irrigated conditions, indicated that, for a density of 100 000 plants ha -1 , the sugar beet productions reached the highest values in 2007, for the majority of the experimental variants analyzed. Also, the average production values were higher with 11.9% in irrigated conditions compared to the non-irrigated variants. Introduction The experiences were carried out during a three years experiment, 2006-2008, in the experimental field located at the periphery of Turda Town, at approximately 30 km from the city of Cluj-Napoca. Simmilar investigations were carried out on the experimental field of Irrigated Cultures of the temperate continental climate of Transylvania, by Mr. E. Luca, Professor PhD -USAMV Cluj-Napoca, who along the time made several research regarding the influence of water regime on plants. In his papers, together with his collaboartaors, he presented some of the results of 39 years of researches (1964-2002) regarding the water requirements of the principal field crops in Transylvania (wheat, maize, potato, soybean, sugar beet) and the influence on crops' yields.. The analyzed perimeter is part of the Transylvanian Plain, in the inferior region of the hydrographical basin of Apuseni, where the natural conditions are very favourable for agriculture use: the land surfaces are extended and uniform, both soil and especially the existing plane relief, supporting a mechanized agriculture. Furthermore, the characteristic soil type is represented by the typical chernozem. The research perimeter is located in a region with a rich hydrographical network, with predominant torrentially formations, belonging to the middle course of the hydrographical basin of Aries. The general climate of the area were the experiences were carried out is characterized by the values of the elements registered at the meteorological station of Turda; the climate is characterized as a boreal one, with continental characteristics, precipitations falling all year long (a maximum at the beginning of summer), cold winters and summers enough warmly, allowing a normal growing of crops. During the experimental period, the climatic conditions allowed to perform the experiences in diverse conditions of temperature and precipitations, the three years experiment being very different.
