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Water Recovery and Management Architecture for the ISS US Segment.

Water Recovery and Management Architecture for the ISS US Segment.

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Conference Paper
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Dimethylsilanediol (DMSD) has been identified as a problematic organic contaminant aboard the ISS. This contaminant was initially identified in humidity condensate and in the Water Processor Assembly (WPA) product water in 2010 when routine water quality monitoring an increasing total organic carbon (TOC) trend in the WPA product water. Although DM...

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... ISS WRS provides the capability to receive the waste water on Ifrom various sources, process the waste water to potable standards via the WRS, and distribute potable water to users on the potable bus. A simplified functional schematic of the WRS is provided in Fig. 1. The waste water bus receives humidity condensate from the Common Cabin Air Assemblies (CCAAs) on ISS, which condenses water vapor and delivers the condensate to the waste water bus via a water separator. In addition, water is also received from the Carbon Dioxide Reduction Assembly (CRA). This hardware uses Sabatier reaction-based ...
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... than when a mixture of siloxanes is used, and these capacities were further modified by the presence of other VOCs in the ersatz mixture. In particular, rollover of L2 was observed, that is, the L2 was initially adsorbed and when enough D3 had been adsorbed onto the sorbent, then L2 was being pushed off and C/C o was greater than 1 as shown by Fig. 10. The adsorptive capacities for D3 and L2 in the presence of the ISS ersatz for the top three candidates are listed in Table 7. The adsorptive capacity of Cabot Norit GCA 48 for D3 was similar 323 mg/g versus 221 mg/g when the ersatz mixture was used (Fig. 10, purple curve versus blue curve), but the L2 capacity was reduced by 58% due ...
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... onto the sorbent, then L2 was being pushed off and C/C o was greater than 1 as shown by Fig. 10. The adsorptive capacities for D3 and L2 in the presence of the ISS ersatz for the top three candidates are listed in Table 7. The adsorptive capacity of Cabot Norit GCA 48 for D3 was similar 323 mg/g versus 221 mg/g when the ersatz mixture was used (Fig. 10, purple curve versus blue curve), but the L2 capacity was reduced by 58% due to rollover (Fig. 10, red curve versus dark blue curve). Table 7 shows that the ACC 507 20 activated carbon cloth and the Ambersorb 4652 resin had similar sorptive capacities compared to Cabot Norit GCA 48 based on mg/g capacities. However, the activated ...
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... The adsorptive capacities for D3 and L2 in the presence of the ISS ersatz for the top three candidates are listed in Table 7. The adsorptive capacity of Cabot Norit GCA 48 for D3 was similar 323 mg/g versus 221 mg/g when the ersatz mixture was used (Fig. 10, purple curve versus blue curve), but the L2 capacity was reduced by 58% due to rollover (Fig. 10, red curve versus dark blue curve). Table 7 shows that the ACC 507 20 activated carbon cloth and the Ambersorb 4652 resin had similar sorptive capacities compared to Cabot Norit GCA 48 based on mg/g capacities. However, the activated carbon cloth has a low density and the resin has very small particle size compared to the large ...
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... significant increase in fan speed, which would violate module-level ISS acoustics requirements that are already at their limits. Therefore, the design concept was modified to use Cabot Norit GCA 48 granular activated carbon instead, which provided measurably more siloxane capacity for the same pressure drop compared to Ambersorb 4652, as shown in Fig. 11. ...

Citations

... Manifold are also the challenges in environmental control in space missions. Outgassing (e.g., siloxanes [205]), for example, can hinder the performance of optical equipment and heat exchangers [206], while thermal degradation (e.g., from fires or equipment overheating) can introduce unsafe concentrations of gaseous contaminants [207]. Leaks from vital spacecraft systems (e.g., ammonia from thermal control systems [208]), commonly used chemicals (e.g., ethanol and isopropanol), and contaminants emitted by crew members (e.g., acetone, methane, methanol, hydrogen sulfide, and acetaldehyde [209]) are also unavoidable sources of air contaminants. ...