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To increase the mobility and wellbeing of U.S. Army units a relatively light-weight, portable source of clean drinking water is needed to replace current practices of obtaining potable water. In addition to the need expressed by the Army, it has become apparent that delivering a reliable source of clean drinking water to municipalities during the a...
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Citations
... Hence, in order to survive one must drink at least 3 to 5 liters of water daily to maintain the required water balance in the body (1). In the events of emergency such as natural disasters (e.g., flood, earthquake, hurricane, etc.) or manmade disasters (e.g., political unrest, wars, etc.), one may not have access to clean and safe drinking water supply due to the destruction and disruption of the necessary infrastructure and facilities (2)(3)(4). Therefore, the need for providing drinking water is often beyond the capability of relief agencies or local governments to respond effectively. One of the potential solutions in this case is to deploy bottled water to the affected population but this approach may not work when transportations are cut off and the affected areas are inaccessible. ...
During emergency situations, effective and quick reactions are vital in order to supply safe and unpolluted drinking water within approved guidelines Point-of-use water treatment (PoUWT) system, for instance, portable membrane-based water treatment devices, could help affected people to survive while waiting for aids to arrive. In the context of portable membrane-based water purification devices, it is also found that most literature does not mention particle depositions and interactions, and membrane fouling mechanisms that might occur in these devices. The latter is especially important if the device is for private use for certain type of contaminant. It is found that the information available in the literature is mostly based on the performance of devices in terms of the following: bacteria/viruses/particles removal, cost efficiency including maintenance and repair, capacity and flow rate of permeate and producing company. These are discussed briefly as well.
Disasters can have adverse effect on human lives. Access to electricity and safe water supply cannot be over-emphasized in the aftermath of a disaster. The main objective of this paper is to examine an alternative to electricity and water supply for human use during and after a disaster. According to this model, volcanic lake can be used as a dam reservoir as a proactive measure before disaster while a micro-hydropower can be set up for electricity production and its water can serve the population in emergency situations.
