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Wohlfahrtia magnifica
larvae cause myiasis in mammals, mainly in sheep and rarely in human. In human
it
may infest the ear, eye, mouth or nose, damaging living tissues. We report a case of ocular myiasis in 1.5 years old child belonging to urban slum after history of minor injury on left upper lid due to fall from bed. The purpose of reporting this...
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The objective of this study was to estimate body conformation on Pelibuey, Dorper and Kathadin sheeps using zoometric variables. Measures of each one of the races and racial differences was determined according to them, live weight was predicted by regression models based on physical variables. Sample was conformed 276 females (34,5%; 87 Pelibuey,...
Citations
... The term 'myiasis' has its origin from the greek word "Myia" which literally means"fly". 1 This word was coined by Frederick William Hope in 1840. 2 Myiasis is a parasitic infestation of living vertebrate animals or humans by larvae of dipterian fly. Myiasis can be classified according to anatomical involvement 3 as (i) Sanguinivorous or blood sucking, (ii) Cutaneous (furuncular or migratory), (iii) wound myiasis, (iv) cavitary myiasis (infestation of body cavity). ...
... The most common flies that cause human ophthalmomyiasis worldwide are Dermatobia hominis (human boat fly), Cordylobia anthropophaga (tumbu fly), Oestrusovis (sheep nose botfly), Cochliomyia hominivorex (screw worm) etc. 6 Orbital involvement can also be rarely caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (flesh fly). 1,[8][9][10]14 Depending on the site of larval invasion, oculomyiasis can be of three types, ophthalmomyiasis externa, ophthalmomyiasis interna and orbital myiasis. 12 Clinical presentation depend on type of fly, ocular structures invaded by larvae and extension of larval invasion. ...
... 25,26 Exenteration and surgical debridement of necrotic tissue might be needed to prevent intracranial extension by tissue destruction in case of massive orbital myiasis. 1,27 The larvae could also be inactivated prior to surgery by using a single oral dose of ivermectin (150-200 mg/kg), making the manual removal of the larvae in easy way. Due to lack of standard protocols, management of myiasis can be challenging and hence should be first focused on its prevention. ...
... "Myiasis" is taken from the Greek word "Myia" meaning fly. It is defined as the infestation of living tissue of humans and other vertebrate animals by fly larvae or maggots [5]. Predisposing factors for myiasis includes low socioeconomic factors and poor personal hygiene [5]. ...
... It is defined as the infestation of living tissue of humans and other vertebrate animals by fly larvae or maggots [5]. Predisposing factors for myiasis includes low socioeconomic factors and poor personal hygiene [5]. ...
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arises from the malignant proliferation of the keratinocytes of the epidermis that has invaded into the dermis or beyond. Posterior auricular SCC is categorized as high-risk SCC. Infestation of fly larvae or maggots in living tissue of humans and other vertebrate animals is known as myiasis. Rarity of the site of involvement with an underlying malignancy is the peculiarity of this case report. We present a case of elderly male with a posterior auricular mass with myiasis, which turns out to be SCC. Early detection and combined modality of aggressive treatment with surgery and radiation improves the overall patient survival rate.
... Additionally, orbital myiasis is also associated with neoplasms, especially skin malignancies around the eyes 4 . Eye injury left without treatment and previous eye surgery, such as evisceration are potential risk factors 7,8 . Chronic debilitating conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, fungating carcinomas, psychiatric illness, intellectual, leprosy, hemiplegia and open wounds may predispose individual's to myiasis. ...
... "Suffocating agents like turpentine oil, 4, 7, 8, 10 petroleum jelly, 8 and liquid paraffin, 8 can block the larval breathing holes, forcing the aerobic maggots to migrate to the surface for air. " Topical administration of anaesthetic agents such as xylocaine 7,8 can paralyze the larvae and prevent them from penetrating deeper into the tissues. ...
Ophthalmomyiasis refers to larval infestation of the eye. A 75 years old male bedridden since three years was brought to casualty by his neighbour after having noticed worms crawling around both his eyes. Examination revealed a poor general condition and bilateral ophthalmomyiasis with blood stained foul discharge. Surgical intervention was undertaken. More than 200 maggots were removed mechanically and it was noted that there was complete destruction of intraocular contents leaving behind the scleral shell in both eyes. Entomological examination revealed larvae to be of Musca domestica and histopathological examination of the surrounding tissue showed no malignancy. Despite intensive treatment patient died after four days of admission.
... Common predisposing factors are poor personal hygien, lack of self care and neglected fungating & necrotic wound of ocular trauma and malignancy. 93,94 In orbital myiasis invasion of large number of larvae rapidly destroy orbital tissu. Maurya et al reported a rare case of orbital myiasis caused by invasion of larvae of flesh fly in young child having neglected eyelid trauma. ...
Eye injuries constitute a significant cause of avoidable global blindness. Animal-related injuries are
an increasing public health issue worldwide. The interaction of a man with animals occurs in various
situations, and the danger associated with it are underestimated and also there are underreported wounds.
Animal-induced ocular injuries are often severe and may lead to visual impairment, blindness and cosmetic
disfigurement. Animal-related ocular injuries are classified according to the geographical distribution,
type of animal, its behavior and availability in the community. This article reviews current literature and
discusses the mechanism and severity of animal inflicted ocular and adnexal injuries in humans and various
management techniques.
... The eggs may also be transferred by the patient as a result of scratching. 29 Myiasis by C. bezziana is overall a destructive and rapidly progressing infestation which can also be seen in healthy tissues. For massive ocular myiasis, as reported herein, early intervention is needed to prevent mortality, due to the proximity of the brain and the possibility of intracranial invasion from the orbital apex, which renders this a potentially life-threatening condition. ...
Myiasis is the invasion of living animal tissue by fly larvae. Orbital tissue infestation involvement occurs in 5% of all myiasis cases and is potentially destructive. Infection by Chrysomya bezziana is very rare in clinical practice. A 65-year-old woman with history of left eye evisceration presented to the emergency department due to a creeping sensation in the left eye socket and underwent medical and surgical treatment for C. bezziana ophthalmomyiasis. A systematic review was performed to identify ophthalmomyiasis cases caused by C. bezziana published in PubMed and Embase until December 2019. C. bezziana can cause major destruction to both vital and non-vital tissues. It should be treated promptly to prevent extensive damage and life-threatening conditions. This report provides an overview of the epidemiology, causes, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment options that could assist clinicians in diagnosis and management of this condition.
... Ophthalmomyiasis is a rare ocular disorder caused by infestation of ocular tissue by larvae of flies of the Depterian orthropoda. 1 Larvae mainly invades in preexisting traumatic or neoplastic ulcerated or necrotic wounds Necrotic and decomposed tissue attracts flies. Mechanical removal and oral Ivermectin are effective mode of treatment. ...
... Ophthalmomyiasis, which is infestation of the insect larvae in the eye, is known to occur in parts of Asia. 1 Humans are accidental hosts. Based on cases reported human myiasis is categorised clinically into six types i.e, dermal and sub-dermal, facial cavity, wound (trauma), Gastrointestinal, vaginal and generalised Myiasis. ...
Purpose: To report an unusual case of ophthalmomyiasis in a healthy individual from western part of India. Materials and Methods: A 23 years old patient with complaints of redness, severe burning sensation, foreign body sensation and excessive lacrimation in his right eye was examined and diagnosed with ophthalmomyiasis caused by larvae of Oestrus ovis. The patient was successfully treated with combination of Antibiotic and Steroid through topical route. Results: A 23 years patient with presence of larvae was immediately examined and larvae's were removed and sent for identification. The organisms were found to be Oestrus ovis, the patient was treated with topical Tobramycin 0.3% combined with fluorometholone 0.1%. The complaints resolved completely with no ocular or systemic associations on further investigations. Conclusion: This is one of the uncommon condition in urban areas. The most common organism causing ophthalmomyisis is Oestrus ovis. Oestrus ovis is found in sheep and goat, humans are the accidental hosts and treatment should be aimed to immobilize and removal with secondary treatment of symptoms.
... [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Eye injury without proper medical care is a potential risk factor. [6,10,11,16,[19][20][21][22] In addition, orbital myiasis is also associated with previous eye surgery, such as evisceration. [23] All of these factors have a commonality of ulcerative or necrotic tissues. ...
... [21] Therefore, suffocating agents and anesthetic agents are recommended for use before manual removal to make the process easier. Suffocating agents, including turpentine oil, [8,10,14,20,22,23,[31][32][33] petroleum jelly, [4,23] and liquid paraffin, [4,23] can block the larval breathing holes, forcing the aerobic maggots to migrate to the surface for air. It is worth noting that this method may also cause larval death due to asphyxiation in the tissues. ...
... It is worth noting that this method may also cause larval death due to asphyxiation in the tissues. Topical administration of anesthetic agents such as xylocaine [14,20,22,23,33] and cocaine [19] can paralyze the larvae and prevent them from penetrating deeper. ...
Rationale:
Myiasis is a parasitic disease caused by fly larvae of the Diptera order that infest human and other vertebrate animal tissues. Orbital myiasis is a potentially destructive infestation of the orbital tissues, which may affect individuals with previous ocular diseases or disorders of consciousness.
Patient concerns:
A 72-year-old man presented with a complaint of repeated pain for two years after trauma to his right eyelid and aggravated symptoms with larvae wriggling out for 2 days. An orbital computed tomography scan revealed right eyeball protrusion and periocular soft tissue edema. Two days later, magnetic resonance imaging showed that the shape of the right eyeball was changed and that the normal structure of the eyeball could not be identified.
Diagnoses:
Due to the patient's symptoms and imaging examination results, the diagnosis of orbital myiasis was made.
Interventions:
The patient was treated by exenteration of the right orbit, and all necrotic tissues and larvae were removed. The defect was repaired via reconstruction with a pedicled musculocutaneous flap from the forehead region. Antibiotics and tetanus toxoid therapy were utilized to prevent potential bacterial infection.
Outcomes:
The patient recovered well postoperatively and was discharged uneventfully. During the 6-month follow-up period, the wound healed well.
Lessons:
Advanced age and untreated eye trauma are risk factors for orbital myiasis. Timely removal of larvae and elimination of infections are important measures for protecting the eyeball.
... Ophthalmomyiasis is a rare ocular disorder caused by infestation of ocular tissue by larvae of flies of the Depterian orthropoda. 1 Larvae mainly invades in preexisting traumatic or neoplastic ulcerated or necrotic wounds Necrotic and decomposed tissue attracts flies. Mechanical removal and oral Ivermectin are effective mode of treatment. ...
... Ophthalmomyiasis, which is infestation of the insect larvae in the eye, is known to occur in parts of Asia. 1 Humans are accidental hosts. Based on cases reported human myiasis is categorised clinically into six types i.e, dermal and sub-dermal, facial cavity, wound (trauma), Gastrointestinal, vaginal and generalised Myiasis. ...
... Myiasis is the term used to describe invasion of living animal tissue by fly larvae or maggots. 1 These larvae by virtue of their specialized attachment hooks adhere to the tissue while actively feeding on them. Orbital myiasis as first reported by Keyt in 1900 describes invasion of the globe and its adnexal structures by the feeding larvae (maggots) of flies of various species. ...
... 3 More rarely infestation by Wolphartia magnifica & Chrysomyma bezziana is reported. 1,4 Proximity to these flies as is often observed among livestock handlers, explains higher incidence of detection of this condition in them. Larvae of the common housefly (Musca domestica Linnaeus) causing external or internal ophthalmomyiasis has been rarely reported. ...
PRESENTATION OF CASE
A case of orbital myiasis in a 68-year-old lady with complete
ocular destruction without co-existing systemic disorder,
immune compromise or malignancy is reported. Detailed
history revealed prolonged patching of the same eye to
subvert lagophthalmos as the precipitating factor.
Spontaneous healing & satisfactory cosmesis were observed
following maggot removal, debridement, antisepsis & oral
Ivermectin.
A 68-year-old lady from a suburban background
presented with fleshy brown foul-smelling mass in her right
eye with overlying crawling maggots. History revealed a
haemorrhagic stroke suffered by the patient 3 months back,
with subsequent left sided hemiparesis and right facial palsy.
Patient had since remained bedridden and was advised
prolonged patching of her right eye to circumvent
lagophthalmos. 15 days back, she developed severe pain in
the right eye with total loss of vision. There was a
serosanguinous discharge with a peculiar crawling sensation
in her right eyelids. There was no history of diabetes,
tuberculosis or ocular malignancy.
... In case of extensive orbital myiasis, exenteration and surgical debridement of necrotic tissue is advised to prevent the tissue destruction and intracranial extension. (21) Although Ivermectin is effective for both prophylaxis and treatment of fly infestation. (22) ...
Objective:
Myiasis is a parasitic disease of humans and vertebrates, caused by fly larvae feeding on the host's necrotic or living tissue. Myiasis is classified into cutaneous and cavitary myiasis. Cavitary myiasis is rare and occurs more frequently in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and America associated with low economic status and poor hygiene. This article reviews current literature, provides general descriptions, and discusses life cycles of each species. It also gives diagnosis, treatment techniques and descriptions of each type of illness that result from interaction / infestation.
