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Volcanic risk in the Vesuvius area. It is the result of the three factors: the elevated exposition value, due to the urban population density (about 800,000 inhabitants within a 7-8 km radius from the vent); the high probability of a large- medium explosive eruption in the next decades; the vulnerability of the urban settlements to eruptive events.
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Many highly populated cities worldwide, often enshrining precious heritage cores, are prone to natural hazards. Therefore, the accomplishment of accurate multi-hazard scenarios and vulnerability assessment procedures is a crucial tool to define mitigation actions. With regard to this issue, the paper deals with two significant researches: the EU CO...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the structural engineering point of view; the knowledge of the Vesuvius urban environment, directly improved by means of in situ survey activities in Torre del Greco, the most populated town of the Vesuvian area and probably that affected by the highest risk of the “red zone” around the volcano (Fig. 1); four different building stock typologies have been investigated: 281 buildings of the historic center, mainly masonry houses (Fig. 2); 20 masonry and reinforced concrete (r.c.) residential constructions, in the up-slope towards the crater; 15 public schools, again of masonry and r.c., located throughout the city territory; a set of 9 historic Vesuvian Villas of cultural importance (Fig. 3), among the 122 structures that still exist, mainly tuff masonry construction (the Villas are located along the “Golden Mile”, i.e. the ancient royal road, inside an unique environment, parallel to the Tyrrhenian sea and crossing the towns of San Giorgio a Cremano, Portici, Ercolano and Torre del Greco, where the noble families erected elaborated palaces in the XVIII ...
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Citations
In the last century, a modern seismic design concept has emerged, which is based on different mechanisms, such as reducing and dispersing the seismic input concerning the building or active interaction with the movement of the building. From the past to the present, a wide variety of seismic control methods have been found and applied, together with the modern understanding of seismic design. Using seismic control in buildings increases the functionality of the building and prevents extra structural requirements. This philosophy constitutes an alternative to the conventional seismic design approach, which relies on consuming earthquake energy on its own. With the changing approach, the concepts of seismic design philosophy have changed, and architectural design has been affected from many points by these concepts. Therefore, architects/designers should examine how the decision to use seismic control methods that concern building design decisions from the preliminary design phase will affect the architecture. This study, starting from the historical development of base isolation and energy damping systems, which are widely used among seismic control methods, focuses on new buildings, and new concepts emerging with the modern seismic design approach and their effects on architectural design are discussed in detail. The study’s methodology involves evaluating data from existing literature works, building codes, professionals, and practices. As a result, the architectural design of new buildings in the context of base isolation and energy-damping systems is evaluated in terms of the seismic device–building form relationship, planning and location, architectural details, aesthetics, and user comfort, and knowledge and recommendations are presented to architects/professionals.
Seismic loads pose a great risk to existing masonry buildings. Modern seismic control methods that are being increasingly used today, rather than various traditional strengthening methods, appear in the retrofit of existing masonry structures. The use of seismic control in existing masonry buildings increases the functionality of the building and obviates the need for additional structural requirements. Particularly, seismic control methods are superior because they contain the least possible interventions to architectural details. On the other hand, these methods are a unique option in sensitive structures such as historical masonry structures. In this research, base isolation systems, energy-damping systems, and hybrid systems as well as architectural application details of seismic control methods in masonry structures are discussed in the context of architectural details.
