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![Vibration system modeling techniques. (a) Modeling various structures as vibration systems.[38] (b) Modeling vibration dynamics with impact nonlinearity.[31]](profile/Divij-Bhatia/publication/323077748/figure/fig37/AS:592330172162053@1518233926465/Vibration-system-modeling-techniques-a-Modeling-various-structures-as-vibration.png)
Vibration system modeling techniques. (a) Modeling various structures as vibration systems.[38] (b) Modeling vibration dynamics with impact nonlinearity.[31]
Source publication
Ambient mechanical energy is highly irregular with respect to input forces and frequencies. Thus, the design of mechanical energy scavenging systems must take into consideration this irregularity for optimum mechanical to electrical energy conversion. In this work, two methods are proposed for scavenging ambient vibration energy and rotation energy...
Citations
... The DIV-TENG lumped model in figure 2(a) was simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink software. The Simulink model is shown in figure 2(b), and the MATLAB code that employs the Simulink model is provided in Bhatia et al [23]. To perform a frequency response simulation, the input frequency of the sine wave in the Simulink model was controlled using the MATLAB code, where a loop was used to incrementally increase the input frequency from 1 Hz to 50 Hz. ...
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can convert ambient mechanical energy in the form of vibrations into useable electricity. Vehicle vibrations are a wasted source of ambient energy that can be harvested using TENGs. These vibrations can range from very low input frequency at the rear deck to high frequency at the front dashboard. To effectively harvest such variable frequency vibrations, the vibration TENG should be capable of broadband operation. For this purpose, in this work we propose and systematically investigate a double-impact vibration TENG (DIV-TENG) for harvesting vehicle vibrations. First, the system design in terms of mass and stiffness was determined using MATLAB simulations. Next, the behavior of the DIV-TENG under very low input frequency and high input frequency was experimentally investigated and the simulation results were verified. Finally, a multi-unit DIV-TENG integrated tray was installed in a vehicle and the potential of DIV-TENG in harvesting vibrations generated during driving was demonstrated. Thus, through this work we showed the viability of effectively harvesting vehicle vibrations using a TENG and hope to promote its adoption in the automotive industry.
... In addition, minimizing portable, wearable electronics, wireless devices, and new energy sources have more demand than rechargeable batteries [1,3]. The concept of energy harvesting is the generation of electrical energy from wasted energy such as light [3], heat [1,4], mechanical deformation, human movement, and vibration [5][6][7]. Recently presented reports in the field of materials have shown remarkable progress in self-powered energy sources. ...
Two different kinds of Lead Zirconate Titanate (Pb (Zr0.52, Ti0.48) O3, PZT) particles (PZT-Ps) were synthesized from a precursor solution composed of Zirconium n-propoxide, Titanium isopropoxide and Lead 2-ethylhexanoate and polyvinyl pyrolidone polymer based on a sol–gel method. Prepared sol was either dried called PZT dried particles (PZT-D-Ps) after calcination and ball milling, or it was electrospun into nanofibers and it was named PZT nanofibers particles (PZT-Nf-Ps) again after calcination and ball milling. Perovskite phase formation in two kinds of PZT-Ps was investigated after calcination at various temperatures (550, 650 and 750 °C for 2 h) and finally they were ball milled to particles. Crystallography of PZT-Ps was investigated by Fourier Transform Inferred spectroscopy (FTIR) beside X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, and their morphology was observed using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Size distribution of synthesized PZT-Ps was determined by Dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. Piezoelectric coefficient (d33) and dielectric constant (K) of PZT-Ps were measured and their other piezoelectric constants, such as piezoelectric voltage coefficient (g33) and figure of merit (FOM) were calculated. Finally, the pyroelectric properties of PZT-Ps were determined by changing their temperature suddenly from 0 to 100 °C. Results showed that the diameter of PZT-Ps through two methods i.e. PZT-D-Ps and PZT-Nf-Ps were about 532 nm and 230 nm respectively. After calcination at 550 °C, both crystalline phase i.e. perovskite and pyrochlore were present in all synthesized PZT-Ps simultaneously. With increasing the temperature to 650 °C then 750 °C, the pyrochlore phase was eliminated and the perovskite crystal phase was intensified gradually. Interestingly for PZT-Nf-Ps, the intensity of the perovskite phase was higher than PZT-D-Ps. Dielectric constants for PZT-Nf-Ps and PZT-D-Ps were about 2487 and 2011 respectively. Obtained piezoelectric coefficient and piezoelectric voltage coefficients of PZT-Nf-Ps (104 × 10⁻¹² C/N, 0.4725 × 10⁻³ Vm/N) were achieved almost twice as much as PZT-D-Ps (48 × 10⁻¹² C/N, 0.2699 × 10⁻³ Vm/N) and the pyroelectric coefficient of PZT-Nf-Ps (4.3 C m⁻² k⁻¹) was also higher than PZT-D-Ps (3.7 C m⁻² k⁻¹).
