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Designing applications adapted to the capabilities of each user is an important part of modern software engineering. Children with Autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disabilities are a special group of users where standard application design is not a good approach. Some of them have speech disorders, others have disorders of the musculosk...
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... The community of families with special needs children holds considerable significance, as it is led by administrators who are parents with firsthand knowledge of caring for their children's unique needs (Kraleva, 2017;Sülter, 2022). Particular administrations have taken the initiative to establish educational institutions to disseminate knowledge and address the specific requirements of parents. ...
The issue of detection services for children with special needs in Indonesia still merits attention, as it necessitates intensive treatment to enhance parents' ability to identify their children with growth and development issues. Regarding this topic, parents need a wealth of knowledge and skills. Community Service in Depok assists families in identifying children with special needs. Participants in the brief course must understand the characteristics of children with special needs. The goals of community service activities are as follows: a) conducting training activities on the characteristics of ABK, and b) conducting child development screening activities for the "early detection" of child growth and development issues. a) Parental comprehension of children with special needs; and b) Stage I, coordination with Forkesi, the Depok ABK service agency, the Depok Health Service, and the Depok City Government. Then, all Depok city councils and municipalities were invited to participate in parent training activities with the special parent community. The second implementation phase entails training parents on the characteristics and ABK assessment programs. The subsequent activity in Phase III was observing ABK in the classroom and exercising child development screening with our Malaysian partner, Hospital Penawar. Stage IV involves conducting a FGD with parents, instructors, and the Depok Health Service in attendance. The next step will be collaborating to monitor the Depok Posyandu Movement's developments.
... Kraleva [12] presented a picture-based application, ChilDiBu, which combines images, text and audio files that can be used to teach Bulgarian autistic children the alphabet, numbers up to 20, some basic colors, and everyday activities. Furthermore, Wan Ahmad et al. [13] developed Suara Saya, a mobile application for improving the learning and communication skills of autistic children and those with communication and speech language problems in Malaysia. ...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes challenges in communication and social interaction. Since there is no single treatment for autism, autistic children need extra attention from their parents or caregivers to overcome their linguistic deficiency. Scientific studies have shown that technology-based educational methods are effective and can lead to a significant improvement, especially for autistic children. In recent years, an increasing number of mobile and multimedia applications have been developed to enhance autistic children's verbal communication, emotions, social behavior, and interaction skills. However, many of these systems are either in English or in local autistic children’s native languages. Others are designed to promote specific knowledge, i.e., emotions, or are limited in their features. This paper designs and implements a prototype for Arabic mobile application, called Aawn, to help and improve Arab autistic children's, in their own language, communication and emotions, as well as educational and organizational skills. Aawn is integrated with various supporting technologies based on the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and augmented with graphical features. The system is built and developed using Android Studio and various cloud-based tools. The system can be extended by artificial intelligence (AI) technologies.
... ChilDiBu is a picture-based program for children with specific educational needs that combine graphic pictures, texts, and audio recordings. It was created to teach the Bulgarian alphabets, numbers up to 20, basic colours, and daily activities (Kraleva, 2017). Edugames4all MicrobeQuest!, a mobile game that aims to teach microbiology and create awareness about important healthcare issues such as hygiene, infection prevention, and responsible antibiotic use among 9 to 12 years old (Molnar & Kostkova, (2018). ...
A qualitative study was conducted among Delhi private and government school teachers
on how they have been adopting to online education during this covid-19 pandemic.
Views of the teachers were captured on the impact on the quality of education, role of
ICT/Technology and adaptation from all three – parents, children, and teachers in this
new format of teaching. Another aspect that was explored has been a blended mode
of learning. Even though the perception is positive towards online teaching, there is
a fear of the quality of education and how students, teachers and parents have been
coping with some of the challenges that online teaching brought about. Online teaching
in all its glory cannot be removed altogether and a fine balance between offline and
online (blended) learning would need to be established over a period as things return
to normalcy
... A new way of living is closely associated with mobile technology. Some households somehow know how to use tablets, smartphones and gadgets for children who cannot read or write until they are 7 years old [7,8]. ...
Advances in technology and the use of the internet have made it almost possible for traditional games to be accessible and attract game enthusiasts. Following the new era of modernity, different types of traditional games are being redeveloped in an effort to introduce and re-raise the games in Malaysia. The purpose of this research is to promote the traditional Malaysian “Guli” game and to raise awareness among younger digital natives through the use of mobile game applications. Traditional Malaysian games were once one of the most famous games in the time of our ancestors. Our community in Malaysia is rich in various cultures, community games and also traditional games according to their own community in this multi-racial Malaysian society. In line with the modern trends, this research study the development of mobile game application as younger generation nowadays chooses to play mobile games instead of physical games. This project has proven in help promoting the traditional games that have long been forgotten by using multimedia elements. Moreover, having traditional mobile gaming application in a fun and interactive way help build awareness in Malaysia culture in order to encourage the importance of sentiment.
... Música e som: neste aspectoé importante ressaltar os critérios de música, sons e as trilhas sonoras dos jogos, que são métodos [62], em que os dados sonoros compõem as melodias (diálogos, efeitos sonoro e som ambiente), e sons de um jogo [63], por isso, devem ter um designe adequado para tornar os aplicativos ainda melhores na percepção das crianças [64]. Exemplo de jogos que utilizam música e som: O TouchChat HD -AAC [65],é um deles, projetado para indivíduos com autismo; O outroé o Avaz AAC [66],é um aplicativo de comunicação aumentativa. ...
O autismoé uma síndrome cuja as causas não são completamente conhecidas. A doençaé caracterizada por comunicação e socialização limitadas, atraso significativo de linguagem e deficiência intelectual. Tais limitações têm feito que ao longo dosúltimos anos, diferentes estratégias tenham sido ana-lisadas para diminuir os aspectos negativos da síndrome. Dentre as estratégias adotadas nosúltimos anos, os jogos educativos têm ganhado destaque. Assim, no intuito de contribuir com o desenvolvimento cognitivo e aprendizagem de crianças autistas entre 4 a 6 anos, foi desenvolvido um jogo digital touchscreen, baseado no Método de Tratamento e Educação de Crianças Autis-tas e com Deficiência de Comunicação Relacionada (TEACCH), que visa aprimorar a aprendizagem, comunicação, autonomia e independência das crianças. Dessa forma, o jogo busca auxiliar educadores na aplicação de conteúdos pedagógicos. Tais estímulos são feitos por meio de cores, números, reprodução de sons, palavras, reconhecimento de expressões faciais e apresentação de elementos do cotidiano. O jogo foi avaliado por profissionais daárea de saúde mental (i.e., especialistas em Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA)). Os resultados indicam que jogo pode auxiliar os educadores contribuindo com i) o desenvolvi-mento das funções conativas, ii) funções executivas superiores, e iii) funções cognitivas das crianças.
... From this study their cognitive level of answering increased up to 17.85% in mathematical concept of addition and subtraction. In [16], ChilDiBu Bulgarian mobile application has been introduced based on the images with graphical contents (audio, text and pictures). The Bulgarian alphabets, numbers, different colours along with the daily activities are included in ChilDiBu application to help the children learn faster and improving their cognitive skills. ...
The learning disability children face the major challenge in the real world as criticism due to unawareness and they become insecure, and secluded from social environments. Over the decades, pedagogical structural management and awareness have been deploying in diverse countries to improve and support the learning disability children. The Dyslexia, Dysgraphia and Dyscalculia are the major syndromes under the learning disability with different comorbid. In this case study, a group of learning-disabled children of age group 9–15, Tamil as their native language has been considered. A clear analysis on specific teaching materials, adoption of unique pedagogies for teaching Tamil language to the children had been carried out prior the implementation of mobile interfaces. The paper presents the various Tamil learning/teaching materials of learning-disabled children, challenges in teaching Tamil to the children and the design and development of the proposed Tamil speech enabled mobile applications for reading and writing disability children. It highlights the significant improvement seen in the children after the introduction of mobile interfaces through pre- and post-assessment.
... In addition, Kraleva and her research team decided to develop a mathematical game, shown in Figure 2, which has a graphical interface based on the graphical guidelines suggested by children. Finally, it is concluded that the design of applications adapted to the individual capacities and needs of each person is an essential activity in Software Engineering (Kraleva, 2016(Kraleva, , 2017. ...
... A usability evaluation found that a supervisor could enhance the teaching experience. Kraleva (2017) developed ChilDiBu, a picture-based app that combines graphic images, texts, and audio files to teach the Bulgarian alphabet, the numbers up to 20, and some basic colors. Eder et al. (2016) developed FillMeApp, an interactive mobile app to function as supplementary material to teach the human body schema and its parts. ...
This book provides an in-depth review of the historical and state-of-the-art use of technology by and for individuals with autism. The design, development, deployment, and evaluation of interactive technologies for use by and with individuals with autism have been rapidly increasing over the last few decades. There is great promise for the use of these technologies to enrich lives, improve the experience of interventions, help with learning, facilitate communication, support data collection, and promote understanding. Emerging technologies in this area also have the potential to enhance assessment and diagnosis of autism, to understand the nature and lived experience of autism, and to help researchers conduct basic and applied research.
The intention of this book is to give readers a comprehensive background for understanding what work has already been completed and its impact as well as what promises and challenges lie ahead. A large majority of existing technologies have been designed for autistic children, there is increased interest in technology’s intersection with the lived experiences of autistic adults. By providing a classification scheme and general review, this book can help technology designers, researchers, autistic people, and their advocates better understand how technologies have been successful or unsuccessful, what problems remain open, and where innovations can further address challenges and opportunities for individuals with autism and the variety of stakeholders connected to them.
... Therefore, mobile apps are some of the preferred and affordable technologies for these children. Although it is a relatively new direction in computer technology, the large use of modern mobile technologies, such as tablets and smartphones, in the daily lives of people with autism [8], they quickly learn to use them for fun, communication, and training. Mobile applications are very helpful for children with autism since they can be used as a communication tool in everyday activities. ...
The emerging and widespread use of technology to support students with autism is evident by the growing number of studies investigating the use of technology-based interventions, including mobile technologies. Most of the recent research concerning the use of mobile apps has been focused on social story effectiveness. This study tried to evaluate the effectiveness of digital social stories on children with autism social skills acquisition. Three students with high functioning autism were watching for one-year social scenarios through an An-droid tablet solving social interaction problems. According to the results, appropriate social behaviors in children with autism could be integrated for a long time.
... Different problems, such as finding the shortest paths [7], schedule theory problems [8], and many others (including NP-hard problems) can be described with graphs and solved by the corresponding algorithms [9]. Some more specific problems from other areas of science can also be modeled with graphs [10], [11], [12]. Therefore, developing software products for visualizing graph structures [13] and analysis of actions with them is an important issue [14], [15]. ...
The basic concepts of using application development environments are presented in this paper. The way of using the GraphAnalyser application and its basic functions is also presented. All results of the experiments conducted are generated with this application. According to the experimental methodology, they fall into two groups: the first one includes actions related to the vertices of a graph, and the second one includes actions related to the edges and the dynamic allocation of memory to store the structure of a graph. The results show that when the number of vertices in a graph increases linearly, the time to add and remove these vertices also increases linearly. When the number of graph vertices increases linearly, the number of added vertices per millisecond remains relatively constant. However, the number of vertices removed for one millisecond for graphs containing between 10 and 70 million vertices varies. Similarly, when the number of graph edges increases linearly, the number of added edges per millisecond remains relatively constant. The summarized results of the two experiments show that the actions associated with adding, removing, and calculating the edge lengths are performed much more slowly than adding and removing the vertices.
