FIG 1 - uploaded by Weston Testo
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Unusual form of Huperzia selago (Gerdes 6938, MIN) with short shoots in place of normal gemmae. Note proliferation from short shoot at bottom left.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... in the Superior National Forest, Minnesota (48u189320N, 92u139440W), one of us (LBG) discovered an unusual Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Schrank & Mart. growing in a wet area adjacent to the lake's outlet. This plant lacked normal gemmae but possessed short (7-13 mm long) shoot-like structures (hereafter, ''short shoots'') along the main stems ( Fig. 1). These short shoots were of unequal lengths relative to the main shoots or branches, thereby deviating from the strictly isodichotomous branching that characterizes Huperzia. All other Huperzia plants in the vicinity appeared normal, suggesting that this unusual growth form was the result of abnormal development rather than ecotypic ...
Context 2
... pseudowhorls along the main shoot axis and were positioned in a ''phyllotactic'' series consistent with that previously described for gemmae (Smith, 1920;Stevenson, 1976). The specimen had 17 such short shoots, generally arranged in groups of 2 or 3 in distinct zones along the main shoot axis, although some single short shoots were observed (Fig. 1). The shoot- bearing zones occur at the end (summit) of each year's growth, as evidenced by the presence of sporangia of different age classes above and below each pseudowhorl. The short shoots were arranged within the plant's regular phyllotaxy (i.e., in the place of leaves) and were positioned at an acute (,45- 65u) angle relative to ...
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Citations
... The basic structure of the gemma is relatively simple (Fig. 1). Like the gemmiphore, the gemma is a modified branch that comprises six leaves inserted on a very short axis and, distal to these, a minute terminal shoot with spirally inserted leaves (Bierhorst, 1971;Testo and Gerdes, 2015). Stevenson (1976) found that the six outer leaves are in a low parastichous spiral but, for our purposes, it is sufficient and preferable to describe them as three opposite pairs, each perpendicular to the next pair. ...
All North American firmosses (Huperzia: Lycopodiaceae) produce highly specialized vegetative propagules known as gemmae. Though gemmae are of interest to morphologists, they have been used only rarely as aids in identification. To improve understanding of their variation among North American species and to explore their systematic utility we surveyed gemmae of all species in North America north of Mexico and provide measurements, comparative descriptions, and images. Several characters of the gemmae, including their size, shape, and morphology of the leaves that comprise them vary considerably across the species studied and can be used to distinguish species. A dichotomous key based on gemma characters is provided, and several notable range expansions are reported. We anticipate this study will help resolve confusion regarding the identity of North American Huperzia species, particularly among the taxa in the northern and western regions of the continent, which remain poorly understood.
We provide a synopsis to the family Lycopodiaceae in Bolivia, including 40 species (some with varieties) in eight genera. One new species, Phlegmariurus stephani B.Øllg., is described. Keys are given to genera and species. Most relevant synonyms are mentioned, the general and Bolivian distribution and ecology is summarized, and some notes on related species are given.
