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Background
We describe two cases of dichorionic triplet pregnancy after a frozen-thawed poor-stage embryo transfer.
Main body of the abstract
A 39-year-old and a 41-year-old woman underwent ART treatment. The first patient underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at 34 years of age, and two frozen-thawed poor-stage embryos were transferre...
Similar publications
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and embryo transfer (ET) in non-human primates (NHPs), e.g. rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys, has been widely used in researches of reproductive and developmental biology, and the success rate has been improved significantly. However, unwanted multiple pregnancy occurs frequently during the ICSI-ET in monkeys, m...
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of fresh and frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer deriven from the same ICSI cycle because of male infertility. 2372 couples undergoing a total of 5075 ICSI cycles (2372 fresh + 2703 frozen embryo transfer) were enrolled in the study. Female factor infertility cases were excluded to preven...
Objective
The aim of this study was to assess whether the early blastulation (EB) of day 4 embryo is a useful predictor for outcomes in fresh elective single embryo transfer (eSET) cycles.
Materials and methods
We retrospectively enrolled patients undergoing fresh SET cycles in our hospital from April 2014 to September 2016 and met with the follow...
Purpose
Pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are associated with an increased incidence of obstetrical and neonatal complications. With the growing rate of male factor infertility, which is unique by not involving the maternal milieu, we aimed to assess whether obstetrical outcomes differed b...
Objective: The recent improvement in sequential media has refocused its attention on the role of human blastocysts in ART, not only because of its advantages but also because of the possible cancellation of embryo transfer when relying on blastocyst transfer only. Hence, the idea of sequential transfer on day 3 and day 5 was proposed. Objective: To...
Citations
... It is well-known that monochorionic twins are at high risk of maternal and fetal complications, including low birthweight, preterm birth, twin-twin transfusion syndrome(TTTS), umbilical cord accidents and perinatal mortality [6][7][8][9]. Regarding dichorionic triplets pregnancy, the rate was only 0.004% among all the pregnancies, as previously reported [10]. Here, we describe a rare case of repeated triplet pregnancy complicated by a monochorionic diamniotic twin in a patient after assisted reproduction. ...
Background:
Monochorionic twinning involves numerous maternal and fetal complications, triplets complicated by a monochorionic pair are at further increased risk. Here, we report a case of repeated triplets complicated by monochorionic diamniotic twins with successful pregnancy outcomes in a woman using autologous oocytes.
Case presentation:
A 30-year-old female undergoing embryo transfer with fresh and frozen embryo cycles with autologous oocytes. The two cycles were confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound to result in successful clinical pregnancies of triplets complicated by a monochorionic twinning. The first pregnancy resulted in a singleton delivery after a selective reduction of the monochorionic pair. The subsequent pregnancy resulted in a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy after the heartbeat of one of the monochorionic twin fetuses stopped at 43 days after embryo transfer. Both of the pregnancies ended with successful live births.
Conclusions:
Our case report of repeated triplets with monochorionic twins suggests the potential causes and risk factors of monochorionic twinning in assisted reproduction and raises concern regarding the timing of multifetal pregnancy reduction.
... However, this ubiquitous model could indeed be plausible in DC-DA and MC-DA twins. This argument can be strengthened by the fact that after, for example, assisted fertility treatmentwhich often yields multiple gestations-both monozygotic DC-DA and MC-DA twins occur (Wehbe et al., 2003;Yanaihara et al., 2017). However-and to the best of our knowledge-we did not come across any reports of MC-MA twins after infertility therapy, indicating that the model of postzygotic fission is perhaps not applicable for MC-MA twins. ...
In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of multiple facets in the puzzling genesis of symmetrical conjoined twins. The etiopathogenesis of conjoined twins remains matter for ongoing debate and is currently cited—in virtually every paper on conjoined twins—as partial fission or secondary fusion. Both theories could potentially be extrapolated from embryological adjustments exclusively seen in conjoined twins. Adoption of these, seemingly factual, theoretical proposals has (unconsciously) resulted in crystallized patterns of verbal and graphic representations concerning the enigmatic genesis of conjoined twins. Critical evaluation on their plausibility and solidity remains however largely absent. As it appears, both the fission and fusion theories cannot be applied to the full range of conjunction possibilities and thus remain matter for persistent inconclusiveness. We propose that initial duplication of axially located morphogenetic potent primordia could be the initiating factor in the genesis of ventrally, laterally, and caudally conjoined twins. The mutual position of two primordia results in neo‐axial orientation and/or interaction aplasia. Both these embryological adjustments result in conjunction patterns that may seemingly appear as being caused by fission or fusion. However, as we will substantiate, neither fission nor fusion are the cause of most conjoined twinning types; rather what is interpreted as fission or fusion is actually the result of the twinning process itself. Furthermore, we will discuss the currently held views on the origin of conjoined twins and its commonly assumed etiological correlation with monozygotic twinning. Finally, considerations are presented which indicate that the dorsal conjunction group is etiologically and pathogenetically different from other symmetric conjoined twins. This leads us to propose that dorsally united twins could actually be caused by secondary fusion of two initially separate monozygotic twins. An additional reason for the ongoing etiopathogenetic debate on the genesis of conjoined twins is because different types of conjoined twins are classically placed in one overarching receptacle, which has hindered the quest for answers. Clin. Anat. 32:722–741, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
