Fig 6 - uploaded by Daniel Perez Rodriguez
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UAV Control Panel that integrates buttons for the different tasks, a mini-HUD and a classical mission time counter.
Source publication
This paper presents the ground control station developed for a platform composed by multiple unmanned aerial vehicles for surveillance missions. The software application is fully based on open source libraries and it has been designed as a robust and decentralized system. It allows the operator to dynamically allocate different tasks to the UAVs an...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... an UAV is added to the system, a new UAV control panel widget (see Fig. 6) is created with an unique color code identifier. The control panel shows the UAV number and a LED with the status of the communication link. There are also eight buttons to send the following tasks to the UAV (from left to right according to Fig. ...
Context 2
... an UAV is added to the system, a new UAV control panel widget (see Fig. 6) is created with an unique color code identifier. The control panel shows the UAV number and a LED with the status of the communication link. There are also eight buttons to send the following tasks to the UAV (from left to right according to Fig. ...
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Citations
... 3) Ground Control Station (GCS): Traditionally, a GCS is a computer-based system equipped with specialized software and hardware tailored for UAV operations [36]. GCS serves as the primary interface for operators to communicate with, control, and monitor the UAV during its flight operations [37]. ...
... These systems have the potential to coordinate mission tasks across multiple UAVs in a parallel manner. They have several possible applications, including rescue missions [7,28], surveillance and reconnaissance [6,26,29,30], environmental monitoring [17], and even payload carrying [13][14][15]. One of the primary benefits of swarms is their capacity to operate cohesively, allowing them to cover large regions quickly and make choices collectively, making them more robust to failure than individual UAVs [31]. ...
... A GCS is designed for flight planning and monitoring, as well as the real-time processing of UAV-environment interactions. A GCS is equipped with a Human-Machine Interface that conducts the planning of the missions, display and control consoles, a real-time video stream, an on-board computer, telemetry instrumentation, a data communication platform, and links with the UAVs via antennas [30]. ...
... The fields of application of multi-UAV systems in surveillance are varied [30,67]. One of them [67] integrated the Oriented Line Segment Coverage Problem (OLSC) model to improve intra-swarm cooperation. ...
Uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, are ubiquitous and their use cases extend today from governmental applications to civil applications such as the agricultural, medical, and transport sectors, etc. In accordance with the requirements in terms of demand, it is possible to carry out various missions involving several types of UAVs as well as various onboard sensors. According to the complexity of the mission, some configurations are required both in terms of hardware and software. This task becomes even more complex when the system is composed of autonomous UAVs that collaborate with each other without the assistance of an operator. Several factors must be considered, such as the complexity of the mission, the types of UAVs, the communication architecture, the routing protocol, the coordination of tasks, and many other factors related to the environment. Unfortunately, although there are many research works that address the use cases of multi-UAV systems, there is a gap in the literature regarding the difficulties involved with the implementation of these systems from scratch. This review article seeks to examine and understand the communication issues related to the implementation from scratch of autonomous multi-UAV systems for collaborative decisions. The manuscript will also provide a formal definition of the ecosystem of a multi-UAV system, as well as a comparative study of UAV types and related works that highlight the use cases of multi-UAV systems. In addition to the mathematical modeling of the collaborative target detection problem in distributed environments, this article establishes a comparative study of communication architectures and routing protocols in a UAV network. After reading this review paper, readers will benefit from the multicriteria decision-making roadmaps to choose the right architectures and routing protocols adapted for specific missions. The open challenges and future directions described in this manuscript can be used to understand the current limitations and how to overcome them to effectively exploit autonomous swarms in future trends.
... The control system of most robust UAVs has been designed to regulate and navigate tiny, unmanned, jet-turbine steampowered rotary-wing craft so as to permit the craft to keep up controlled flight, and come back to its original position, with none operator involvement using waypoint design technology [26,27]. Operator error has been one of the primary causes of UAV mishaps in the current environment [28], which calls for rigorous human monitoring of UAV operations [29]. ...
We hereby report a detailed design and fabrication of our indigenously developed smart UAV (drone) Ozone, O3, monitoring system, using locally sourced materials in Nigeria. Our device is locally built from scratch to finish using materials available to us. Our design comprises a small lightweight (Polystyrene), Rotors, Arduino Joystick, Arduino Nano Board, 434 MHz Transmitter Module, 1 KΩ Resistor, Vero Board, Connecting wires, 9 Volts Battery, Antenna, simple and cost-effective multi-sensor system for multiple measurements of atmospheric phenomena and related climate information. We have used a long-range wireless communication module with real-time monitoring and visualizing software applications embedded on our device to access live data, track trends, and archive historical data for comparisons (data logger). We have also obtained original ozone datasets after conducting test flight measurement experiments at the launch site (Rivers State University Campus) Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
... It consists of two sub-blocks: trajectory planning and trajectory validation [16]. First, the trajectory planner provides a sequence of way-points based on a mission's objectives (e.g., mapping and surveillance), and constraints such as terrain, weather, air space and fuel [17]. Second, the trajectory validation is the process of communicating with the external services to validate the flight trajectory. ...
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) are useful for performing missions ranging from simple to tedious/dangerous ones. In recent years, UAS architectures have been introduced by different groups with different viewpoints. However, these architectures do not take into account all UAS features and their interactions. Thus, the task of developing a new UAS following one of the existing architectures is very difficult. Therefore, to ease the UAS development task, in this paper, we provide a reference architecture specification for future drone systems. It includes the different blocks (functions) of the UAS and their interactions. The blocks are divided into four main groups: flight navigation, flight control, flight management, and mission management.
... UAVs are designed to fulfill long and high-altitude flight missions without any people on board [6]. The main applications of UAVs are in the fields of delivering products, aerial photography [7], surveillance [8], agriculture [9], and any type of aerial inspection [10]. Additionally, the applications of the UAVs have attracted the attention of organizations such as the police and public safety to manage transportation more efficiently [11]. ...
The harmful impacts of fossil-fuel-based engines on the environment have resulted in the development of other alternatives for different types of vehicles. Currently, batteries and fuel cells are being used in the automotive industry, while promising progress in the maritime and aerospace sectors is foreseen. As a case study in the aerospace sector, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was considered. The goal and the novelty of this study are in its analysis of the possibility of providing 960 W of power for a UAV with a weight of 14 kg using a hybrid system of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery and proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The dynamic performance of the system was analyzed considering three different load profiles over time in an optimized condition. PEMFC was the main supplier of power, while the battery intervened when the power load was high for the PEMFC and the system demanded an immediate response to the changes in power load. Additionally, the impacts of the operating temperature and the C-rate of the battery were characterized by the state of the charge of the battery to better indicate the overall performance of the system.
... Later, in [10] the authors develop a tool that includes detailed criteria for different aspects of UAS control interface design to support operator performance. Ground control stations of sUAS swarm operations are developed in [13]. Reference [9] illustrates efforts to enhance UI with the coupling of distributed Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms using map-based, minimalist interfaces, and highlight the decrease in required user actions to accomplish similar swarm-based maneuvers. ...
View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-3872.vid We introduce and propose a wind-aware small unmanned aircraft system human-in-the loop simulation pipeline for operations in low-altitude urban airspace. To complement the Urban Air Mobility concept that envisions safe, sustainable, and accessible air transportation, we design an aggregated simulation pipeline so that Human Machine Interaction during operations in turbulent windy conditions can be studied. In this work, we primarily identify the lack of wind-awareness in the current user interface designs available for small unmanned aircraft system. After a small research group study, we recognize the information components that are crucial in the operational context and integrate specific display information in an extended wind-aware user interface which includes real time wind velocity display and trajectory management features. Additionally, we extend the capability of an existing simulator to simulate spatial-temporal wind data in real time. The simulation pipeline provides a comprehensive structure for wind-aware sUAS simulations which can be used for mission design experiments in the presence of wind and evaluation of pilot response to increased wind situational awareness.
... The environment state data and flight data are obtained as messages that must conform to a defined set of format and then processed by the corresponding modules to make them visually presentable [14]. Real-time flight information and data are received on the GCS via the environment data receiver for proper communication, control and data monitoring. ...
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are considered as evolving technology due to the diversity and feasibility of their applications. Generally, UAS are controlled by a ground operator in a ground control station (GCS). GCS can be used for several remote applications for unmanned vehicles; however, for the purpose of this review, GCS applications would be limited to its application on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Such stations are made up of basic components consisting of commercial-off-the-shelf components and low-cost equipment depending on the sophistication of the UAV. This requires that as UAVs evolve, GCS are equally upgraded to meet with the technological feet. This paper discusses the challenges associated with GCS in ensuring safe operations of the UAV. Hence, a brief background of GCS, its architecture, applications, inherent challenges and the proposed solutions are presented.
... In a typical nonlinear MPC algorithm, the solution to the underline finite-time optimal control problem (OCP) has to be repeatedly sought for at every time step, occupying a great amount of computing resources. This computational challenge for nonlinear MPC can be even more severe in such scenarios as, e.g., large-scale systems where the total amount of the computing resources can be huge [2], or systems with limited and extremely valuable computing resource as in miniature robots [3]. For such scenarios the reduction of the computing resource usages can be meaningful. ...
... The prediction horizon is N = 8. Following the method proposed in [26], we set the weighted matrices as Q = diag{1, [2] , |F | ≤ 1.9179η [1] + 5.0225η [3] }. ...
A disturbance prediction based adaptive event-triggered model predictive control scheme is proposed for nonlinear systems in the presence of slowly varying disturbance. The optimal control problem in the model predictive control scheme is formulated by taking advantage of a proposed central path-based disturbance prediction approach, and the event-triggered mechanism is designed to be adaptive to the triggering interval. As a result, the proposed scheme improves the state prediction precision and hence reduces greatly the triggering frequency. Furthermore, for input-affine nonlinear systems, the disturbance separation and compensation techniques are developed to further enlarge the triggering interval. Theoretical analysis of the algorithm feasibility and closed-loop stability, as well as numerical evaluations of the effectiveness of the proposed schemes, are also given.
... The quadcopter uses radio control as a controller with Turnigy TGY i6S as a transmitter (remote control), and Turnigy TGY iA6C as a receiver, as well as Telemetry Radio 3DR 433 MHz to connect the quadcopter to the Ground Control System (GCS), namely component that serves to collect all information about the status of the UAV and allows to send appropriate commands to a predefined mission [14]. As a navigation device, the quadcopter is accompanied by a ublox NEO-M8N GPS module built-in Compass. ...
... If the field direction is a specific path, then it will be linear. In case, the field is swapped beside the path, then it will be circular polarization [3]. ...
