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Typical histograms of fluorescence intensity of acridine orange accumulated in lysosomes (A) and cytoplasm (B). Cells were incubated with 1 µM acridine orange for 30 minutes. The fluorescence intensity was recorded by flow cytometer without or after immediately adding 3 µM of monensin. The total number of cells in each histogram was 10,000 cells. Results and Discussion Previously, we indicated that low energy/low-doses of medical diagnostic X-rays did not significantly change various biological end points such as hemolysis, osmotic fragility, fluorescence anisotropy, mitochondrial membrane potential, the cell cycle, and the number of apoptotic cells of irradiated cells as compared to corresponding non-irradiated groups at each time end point 8-10 . Figure 2 summarizes the results as histograms of the accumulation of acridine orange in lysosomes. The number of cells in each histogram was 10,000 cells. For the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the histograms of accumulation of acridine orange in lysosome of cells were collected at 4 and 6 hours after an in vitro exposure to various low-energy/low-doses of medical diagnostic X-rays. This also included the results of corresponding non-irradiated control groups. This data shows and increase in fluorescence intensity for irradiated cells, relative to that of the corresponding non-irradiated cells at 4 hours postirradiation (Figure 2A -C). Fluorescence intensity shows no change in irradiated cells, as compared to the corresponding non-irradiated cells at 6 hours post-irradiation (Figure 2A -C). The histograms for adriamycin-sensitive erythroleukemia cells (K562) and adriamycin-resistant erythroleukemia
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Background: Low-energy/low-dose ionizing radiation is increasingly being used in medical diagnosis, yet the effects of low-energy/low-dose medical diagnostic X-rays on biological systems remains a mystery. Thus, the aim of this present study is to determine the characteristics of lysosomes of cancerous and normal cells in response to low-energy/low...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... spectra of X-ray from medical diagnostic X-ray machine that operated at 50, 70, and 100 kV was also shown in one of our previous studies 8 Table 1 The parameters obtained by the medical X-ray machine used in this study. Figure 1 shows the typical fluorescence intensity of acridine orange in cells taken from a flow cytometer. In the presence of 3 µM monensin, bright red fluorescence intensity decreased ( Figure 1A), whereas bright green fluorescence intensity increased ( Figure 1B). ...
Context 2
... 1 shows the typical fluorescence intensity of acridine orange in cells taken from a flow cytometer. In the presence of 3 µM monensin, bright red fluorescence intensity decreased ( Figure 1A), whereas bright green fluorescence intensity increased ( Figure 1B). It is suggested that acridine orange is released from the lysosomes into the cytoplasm. ...
Context 3
... 1 shows the typical fluorescence intensity of acridine orange in cells taken from a flow cytometer. In the presence of 3 µM monensin, bright red fluorescence intensity decreased ( Figure 1A), whereas bright green fluorescence intensity increased ( Figure 1B). It is suggested that acridine orange is released from the lysosomes into the cytoplasm. ...
Citations
... Whereas, Tungjai used PBMC as a normal cell model to determine intracellular organelles characteristic such as lysosomes in response to low-dose medical diagnostic X-rays 24 . Although PBMC has been widely used as a diagnostic tool, it is predicted that these cells may provide additional benefits to cure diseases, especially in tissue engineering therapy. ...
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are widely used within tissue engineering therapy, thus, the evaluation of their safety is mandatory. The present study aims to assess the safety of human PBMC transplantations in naive rats in terms of chronic toxicity. Rats received intravenous injections of human PBMC with doses of 105, 106, or 107 cells (n = 5/group/sex) every month for three months without administration of any immunosuppressant drugs. We evaluated clinical, physical, laboratory, and pathology parameters. No morbidity, mortality, or significant differences occurred within all of the tested parameters between control and experimental groups until the finalization of the study. In conclusion, the current work indicates that human PBMC transplantation in naive rats did not induce chronic toxicity reaction. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 02 April’22 Page : 373-383
... Lysosomal function was studied by altering the accumulation of acridine orange (AO) in lysosomes. The staining method was modified from a previously published work 33,34 . Briefly, 10 6 cells were suspended in 2 mL PBS buffer, pH 7.25 at 37°C in the presence of 1µM AO for 5 minutes in the dark. ...
... Thus, our in vitro data using these three biological endpoints suggests that the medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays do not induce any detrimental effects on human PBMCs.This is consistent with our previous studies that showed no changes the mitochondrial membrane potential, number of apoptotic cells, or cell cycle in lymphocytes exposed to radiation at 0.03, 0.05, or 0.1 mGy of (70 kV) medical diagnostic X-rays when compared to the corresponding nonirradiated cells at all collecting timepoints 31 . However, lowdose medical diagnostic X-rays might affect to the function of lysosome of cancer cells 34 . ...
Background: Low-dose X-rays are commonly used in medical imaging to help in the diagnosis ofdiseases. However, the deleterious effects of exposure to medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays remaina highly debated topic. The objective was to study the effects of medical diagnostic X-rays on humanblood cells. Materials and Methods: We studied the effects of medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays (80kVp), i.e.,0.01 or 0.05 mGy, after the in vitro exposure of human red blood cells (RBCs) and peripheralblood mononucleated cells (PBMCs).Cells with no irradiation served as the control group. The biologicalendpoints that were used to determine the effects of medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays were hemolysisfor RBCs and mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosomes, and the cell cycle for PBMCs. Results: Ourresults showed no changes in the hemolysis of RBCs and mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosome, orcell cycle in cells exposed to these low doses of X-rays when compared to the corresponding nonirradiatedcells at all harvest timepoints. Conclusion: These results suggested that there were no deleterious effectsof diagnostic low-dose X-rays when human RBCs and PBMCs were exposed in vitro. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.136-144
... Cultures initiated at a density of 1 × 10 5 cells/ mL grew exponentially to 8− 10 × 10 5 cells/mL in 3 days. For the assays, and in order to have cells in the exponential growth phase, cultures were initiated at 5 × 10 5 cells/mL and were used 24 h later after reaching a density of 8− 10 × 10 5 cells/mL [20,21]. ...
Background:
Gadolinium-based contrast media (GBCM) are commonly used in diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinical applications. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant properties and effects on red blood cells (RBCs) and K562 cancer cells of three GBCMs (i.e.; gadoterate meglumine, gadopentetate dimeglumine, and gadobenate dimeglumine) inin vitro levels.
Methods:
For determiningin vitro antioxidant properties, the di (phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) iminoazanium (DPPH) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay were used. For determining effect on red blood cells, hemolysis, morphology and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were used. For determining effect on K562 cancer cells, cytotoxicity and ROS were used. The GBCM -exposed cells were compared to corresponding non-exposed control groups at various harvest times.
Results:
The results show no changes occurring in the DPPH data. However, there were significant increases based on FRAP data in three GBCMs compared to the corresponding control at all concentrations. The ROS, morphology, and percentage of hemolysis in red blood cells indicated that no change had occurred in three GBCMs-exposed red blood cells compared to the corresponding non-exposed control groups at all harvest times. The percentage of cell viability in K562 cancer cells showed decreases in gadoterate meglumine- and gadobenate dimeglumine- in a concentration dependent manner, but did not show same in gadopentetate dimeglumine-exposed K562 cancer cells. The percentage of ROS in K562 cancer cells indicated that no change in three GBCMs-exposed cells had occurred when compared to the corresponding non-exposed control groups at all harvest times.
Conclusion:
These findings suggests thatin vitro antioxidant properties exhibited by those three GBCMs depends on their concentration and species of radical in testing assay. There were no toxic effects from those GBCMs when red blood cells were exposed in an in vitro condition. In addition, some of those GBCMs could induce cell death in cancer cells.
Globally, everyone has gone through an unusual and remarkable period during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has affected various sectors in the country and implicated society. Important services including the health care system, particularly in surgery, have raised challenges and issues that need to be sorted out. This action is prudent to justify the balance in between care on preventing the spread of COVID-19 infection and at the same time providing surgical services. In this article are the perspectives on how we elicit the issues and the solutions in providing surgical services during the COVID-19 pandemic in our state, Sabah.
