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Güneş enerjisi en uygun alternatif enerji kaynağıdır; buna ek olarak güneş enerjisi teknolojilerinin uygulanması, elektrik enerjisi taleplerini güvenceye almanın yanı sıra çevre kirliliği ve elektrik üretim maliyetlerini de azaltabilir. Bu çalışmada, maksimum güç noktası takip (MGNT) sistemlerinde kullanılan üç algoritmanın değerlendirilmesi ele al...
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This paper takes PWM modulated DC-DC Buck converter as the object to improve the traditional LADRC method. Firstly, the LESO module directly feeds back an error differential signal, which can improve its disturbance observation performance. Secondly, the disturbance differential term is imported to the LESO module to enhance the observation speed o...
Citations
... If the extracted power increases, the subsequent perturbation is made in the same direction until the MPP is reached. Conversely, if the extracted power decreases, the next perturbation is reversed [28]. The basic principle of the P & O algorithm is summed up in Table 3 and shown in Figure 12. ...
The issue of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of PV systems remains a concern of researchers and manufacturers, who aim to make these systems cost-effective, thereby encouraging their wider adoption. To achieve this aim, increasing the PV generation system's efficiency by using the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system has been proposed. Increasing the generated energy from the PV system is considered a key aspect in increasing efficiency, as it will increase incomes. Consequently, the cost of the generated energy is reduced, leading to it approaching the cost of energy produced from conventional systems based on fossil fuel. This review paper discusses conventional MPPT techniques designed to extract the maximum available power from PV panels operating under uniform environmental conditions. After that, the reason why these techniques fail to perform adequately under partial shading conditions is highlighted. Following this, modern MPPT techniques explicitly designed to operate under non-uniform and partial shading conditions are analysed.
... Different techniques are used to harvest the maximum power from the sun energy. Solar radiation, ambient temperature, and solar cell temperature affect the value of the maximum power generation in the PV panel [5][6][7]. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique is used to get the maximum available power from the PV panel as conditions vary [8,9]. There have been proposed many MPPT techniques that are used in solar charge controllers for tracking the maximum power point [10]. ...
Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have rapidly become a significant energy supply in the world over the last two decades. PV energy has demonstrated its importance among the other renewable energy sources concerning the greenhouse gas emissions and several negative impacts of other energy sources. According to the solar irradiation and ambient temperature, the output power of the PV panels can be of various values. Therefore, different types of power electronics strategies have been used to extract the maximum energy from the PV panels. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy is the most used technique for PV systems. In this study, the comparative analysis of Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conduction (IC) MPPT techniques are performed under different atmospheric conditions. The performance of the P&O and IC techniques is observed in the simulation environment using Matlab/Simulink model. Based on the tracking time and the fluctuation at the output of the PV system, two MPPT techniques are compared. The advantages, disadvantages, and limitations are discussed. The proposed PV system can properly track the maximum power point for both MPPT techniques. The IC technique offers a reduction of the steady-state oscillation and has a better response time to find the maximum power point at the start of the simulation.
... Several conventional MPPT techniques have been proposed and there has been considerable research on them [8] [9]. Among the conventional techniques mentioned in these publications are perturbation and observation (P&O) [10], [11], hill climbing (HC) algorithm [12], fractional open circuit voltage and short circuit current methods [13], switching ripple correlation [14], sliding mode control [15], incremental conductance (IC) [16] [17], constant voltage [18] and some other techniques [19]. Amongst the conventional MPPT techniques, the P&O and HC algorithms are considered the most popular ones due to their ease of implementation [20]. ...
Photovoltaic (PV) energy is a promising source of renewable energy which is sturdy and environmentally friendly. PV generation systems, once installed, produce electricity from solar irradiance without emitting greenhouse gases. To maximize the output power of PV systems, the maximum power point tracking system has been employed (MPPT). The MPPT constitutes a fundamental part of PV systems. In recent years, a large number of MPPT techniques have been proposed. This paper is set up to critically review some of the proposed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques to handle the emergence of multiple MPPs in PV panel characteristics due to the partial shading conditions (PSCs). To define the working principle and the pros and cons of the different proposed techniques clearly and sequentially, they are divided into three groups as follows: conventional MPPT techniques, improved MPPT techniques and artificial intelligence- based MPPT techniques to deal with PSCs. The paper also critically summarizes the findings in terms of their performance in capturing the global maximum power point (GMPP) for PV systems operating under PSCs.
... Bu maksatla; FLC ilk olarak artımlı iletkenlik tekniğini içeren bir algoritma ile birleştirilerek değişken adımlı olarak kullanılmıştır (Harrag&Messalti, 2018). Sayılan bu özellikleri sayesinde FV sistemlere uygulanan ve özellikle hibrit yapıdaki FLC tekniğini içeren algoritmaların değişen çevre koşulları altında daha dinamik tepkiler verdiği görülmüştür (Kulaksız et al, 2019;Tang et al, 2017;Ali et al, 2021). Benzer olarak FLC tekniği iklimsel değişimlere daha iyi tepki verebilen gelişmiş algoritmalar içerisinde yer alır (Talbi 2017). ...
... Tüm bunların yanında geleneksel algoritmaların tam güneş ışıması altında verimli çalışmalarına rağmen özellikle parçalı gölgeleme altında istenilen verimi sağlayamadığı, buna karşın parçalı gölgeleme durumunda bile FLC tekniğini içeren algoritmaların verimli çalıştığını gösteren akademik çalışmalar vardır (Verma et al, 2020). FLC tekniği üç aşamadan oluşur bunlar: bulanıklaştırma (fuzzification), kural tabanı tablo araması ve durulaştırma (defuzzification) şeklinde sıralanabilir (Omar et al, 2019 ...
... In this regard, much research has been carried out to evaluate the performance of the three techniques. It has been reported that the Fuzzy Logic controller has better tracking achievement than conventional techniques and can obtain maximum power in terms of variable temperature and solar insolation conditions [11,12]. In addition, the Fuzzy Logic algorithm increases the conversion efficiency of the PV array [13]. ...
Since the beginning of the war in Syria, most of the electricity infrastructure has been destroyed, leaving millions with unreliable energy. In such regions vulnerable to energy insecurity, an alternative means of electricity production is sought.
As an attractive option, the interest is directed to solar energy. However, because of a lack of expertise in solar energy conversion and the high cost of smart technology in these regions, people have typically used photovoltaic systems in primitive ways, in which the efficiency of solar energy conversion is low. There is, therefore, a need for inexpensive, easy-to-implement, yet highly efficient and high performing solutions. STMicroelectronics 32-bit ARM as a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller offers a potential solution to the problem of low conversion efficiency in stand-alone solar systems. In this study, using Matlab-Simulink and STMicrelectronics-32 bit ARM board, simulation and practical test is set up to evaluate the performance of the Perturbation & Observation, Incremental Conductance, and Fuzzy Logic MPPT algorithms, in order to determine the most appropriate algorithm to use in small scale solar energy systems. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore rapid control prototyping tools for saving time and effort to the experts in the implementation process of the proposed systems. The results indicate the effectiveness of the fuzzy logic algorithm to draw more energy, decrease oscillation and provide a fast response under variable weather conditions. Furthermore, the three algorithms were able to find and track MPP.
Photovoltaic (PV) modules are devices that transform photon energy into electrical energy. The output power of the PV modules is influenced by the intensity of solar radiation and the ambient temperature. Non-uniform shading can cause variations in the extent of sunlight absorbed by PV modules, resulting in a decrease in power output. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are employed to optimize the power output of PV modules by operating them at their maximum power point (MPP). The main objective of the study is to investigate the performance analysis of Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) MPPT strategies in uniform and partially shaded conditions with equally and unequally different irradiance differences. Simulation studies were conducted on the PV circuit model using Matlab/Simulink, and the results were evaluated. MPPT algorithms are compared based on their tracking efficiency and convergence speed when solar radiation conditions vary. The findings of the simulation indicate that the P&O is unable to determine global MPP and gets trapped in one of the local MPPs. However, the PSO is very effective in tracking MPP under different partial shading patterns with more than 96% tracking efficiency. In the first partial shading configuration where the sunlight intensity of the PV modules is uniformly distributed, the PSO technique has reduced steady-state oscillations around the MPP. However, the P&O technique demonstrates superior response time and convergence speed in comparison to the PSO technique.
Bu çalışmada, günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılan alternatif enerji kaynaklarından olan güneş enerjisinden elektrik üretiminde kullanılan fotovoltaik panellerin modellenmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir fotovoltaik paneli oluşturan fotovoltaik hücrelerin tek diyotlu modeli kullanılarak fotovoltaik panel ve dizinin modeli elde edilmiştir. İlk olarak fotovoltaik hücrenin tek diyotlu modellenmesi yapılmıştır. Bu modelde panel üzerinde kullanılan hücre sayısı değeri kullanılarak panel modeli ve panellerin seri/paralel bağlanması ile sistemdeki enerji kaynağını oluşturan fotovoltaik dizinin modeli elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada toplam altı adet 1Soltech 1STH-215-P model panelin bulunduğu dizi modellemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Modelde üç adet seri bağlı panel olan iki paralel kol bulunmaktadır. Sunulan modelin farklı sıcaklık ve ışınım değerlerinde elektriksel çalışma eğrileri elde edilmiştir. Aynı panel dizisi Matlab/Simulink yazılımında bulunan fotovoltaik panel bloğu ile çalıştırılmış ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. İki farklı modelden üretilen çalışma karakteristikleri incelendiğinde birbirleri ile oldukça yakın sonuçlar elde edildiği görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar sunulan modelin fotovoltaik sistem tasarımında enerji hesabı, genel sistem simülasyonu gibi ön çalışmalarda kullanılabilir olduğunu göstermiştir.
