FIGURE 8 - uploaded by Magdalena Błażewicz
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Typhlotanais incognitus n.sp. A, maxilliped; B, cheliped; C, pereopod 1; D, pereopod 2; E, pereopod 3; F, pereopod 4; G, pereopod 5; H, pereopod 6; I, pleopod. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
Source publication
The tanaidacean fauna from the hydrothermal vents in the Lucky Strike Field on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is examined. The material reveals species belonging to the genera Agathotanais, Apseudes, Leviapseudes, Sphyrapus, Armaturatanais, Leptognathiella, Mesotanais, Pseudotanais and Typhlotanais. One new typhlotanaid genus, Obesutanais, and five new spe...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... incomplete fusion of dactylus and unguis of the pereopods 4-6 is also seen in M. vadicola and M. longisetosus and, although not described, has been illustrated to vary within the individuals (Sieg & Bird 1989: 177, fig. ...
Context 3
... Mandible molar with ring of terminal blunt denticles. Maxillule with eight spines distally; one of them bifurcated. Chela shorter than carpus. Pereopods 4-6 not stouter than pereopods 1-3; dactylus and unguis fused but not into a claw, not bifurcate. Uropods longer than pleotelson; endopod and exopod with two articles and almost subequal length. (Fig. 8D). As pereopod 1 except: basis naked. Carpus half as long as propodus. Propodus with two dorsodistal setae and one ventral spiniform ...
Context 4
... 3 (Fig. 8E). As pereopod 2 except: basis with one dorsal seta. Carpus with three simple distal setae. Dactylus longer than unguis. Both dactylus and unguis stouter than that on pereopods 1 and ...
Context 5
... 4 (Fig. 8F). Coxa not present. Basis twice as wide as on pereopods 1-3, with one simple and one setulose ventromedial seta. Ischium with one seta. Merus with one spiniform distal seta and cuticular scales. Carpus with one simple dorsodistal seta, one ventrodistal spiniform seta, and two tubercles covered with minute spines (clinging apparatus). ...
Context 6
... 5 (Fig. 8G). As pereopod 4 except: merus with two ventrodistal setae. Carpus with one tubercle covered with minute spines and one simple and one spiniform distal ...
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Citations
... Some detailed studies have been carried out at other localities on the MAR, notably in the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone further north Dilman, 2013;Bell et al., 2016;Alt et al., 2019) and at various hydrothermal vents [Lucky Strike, Menez Gwen, Rainbow, Snake Pit, Logatchev and Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG)] (e.g. Bellan-Santini and Thurston, 1996;Sigvaldadottir and Desbruyères, 2003;Myers and Cunha, 2004;Cunha and Wilson, 2006;Larsen et al., 2006;Bellan-Santini, 2007;Corbera et al., 2008;Riou et al., 2010;Sarrazin et al., 2015;Bebianno et al., 2018;Klunder et al., 2020). In the PECA, macrobenthic communities have been reported to date only from the Broken Spur and Lost City hydrothermal vent fields (Tyler et al., 1995;Desbruyères et al., 2000;Kelley et al., 2005;Kelley et al., 2007;Goroslavskaya and Galkin, 2011;Rybakova and Galkin, 2015;Boschen-Rose and Colaco, 2021;Cruz et al., 2022) (see Table 3). ...
... Earlier studies from the MAR demonstrated that the rate at which new species are described, although increasing with time, is still very low (e.g. Tyler et al., 1995;Sigvaldadottir and Desbruyères, 2003;Myers and Cunha, 2004;Cunha and Wilson, 2006;Larsen et al., 2006;Bellan-Santini, 2007;Corbera et al., 2008;Budaeva, 2012). The identification of a wide range of different taxa in the PECA area, most of them new to science, is a particular challenge for a contractor. ...
In February 2018, the Government of Poland and the International Seabed Authority signed a 15-year contract for exploration of polymetallic sulfide deposits on a section of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge extending between the Hayes, Atlantic and Kane transform faults (32°45.378’ N, 39°57.760’ W to 26°14.411’ N, 44°18.008’ W). The contractor is obliged to collect data on the contract area environment and its ecosystem components. In this context, it is important that the contractor establishes a sound starting point which further baseline investigations can be referred to. Such a starting point involves assessment of currently held information and, most importantly, knowledge gaps on the ecosystem components in the area of exploration (and of potential future exploitation). Of major importance here is the knowledge on benthic communities, as it is the benthos that will be most affected by any human intervention in the area of interest. Based on available published evidence, we have reviewed the present state of knowledge on benthic communities in the Polish exploration contract area (PECA). In the process, we have identified important knowledge gaps that will need to be addressed during exploration surveys. These include, but are not limited to, the distribution and structure of benthic communities throughout the contract area, the spatial and temporal variability of those communities, possible differences between communities inhabiting active and inactive vent fields, connectivity issues and the recovery potential. Special consideration should be given to Lost City, a geologically and ecologically unique hydrothermal field which has been a focus of international research and an important conservation target.
... Nevertheless, seven distinct articles in the antenna, and rudimentary or absent pleopods may be unique characters for the family; the pleotelson is also longer than in most, if not all, Akanthophoreus, Chauliopleona, Parakanthophoreus, and Paraleptognathia species, where it is shorter than broad. The antennal character derives from two articles (4 and 5) with complete division, homologous to article-4 in those antennae exhibiting partial or indistinct articulation (Bfusion line^sensu Larsen et al. 2006) within this element as expressed in other akanthophoreids. The pleopod character (lack or rudimentary) is somewhat compromised by the stated absence of these in Parakanthophoreus fastuosus (Guerrero-Kommritz, 2004: 56), although this is not remarked on or included in the generic diagnosis (op.cit.: 8-10). ...
Based on tanaidacean material collected primarily during the IceAGE cruises in the North Atlantic, three new species from the family Akanthophoreidae are described; one is classified in the genus Parakanthophoreus, and the other two represent a new genus—Brixia n. gen. The main characters that distinguish Brixia n. gen. from other akanthophoreids is the lack of fully developed pleopods in adult females and a seven-articled antenna. The diagnosis of the family Akanthophoreidae is amended. Cheliped ornamentation of Parakanthophoreus catharina n. sp. is illustrated using SEM pictures.
... The apseudomorph tanaidaceans in the deep-sea remain largely under-studied, and in chemosynthetic habitats information about this group is very scarce: Larsen et al. (2006), in a paper focused on the tanaidaceans in the Lucky Strike hydrothermal vents, briefly mentioned the apseudomorphans, but only stated that the species found there were widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean. The only detailed treatment of the group in a cold seep area was that of Błażewicz-Paszkowycz et al. (2011), who listed six species from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz. ...
The apseudomorphan tanaidaceans of the deep sea have been under-studied, especially in chemosynthetic habitats. A total of ten species present in the Gulf of Cadiz and the Horseshoe Continental Rise (SW off the Iberian Peninsula) are listed here, and new distribution data, ecological remarks and description of one new species of Atlantapseudes (Atlantapseudes curvatus sp. nov.) from recent research cruises are added. Pseudosphyrapus azorensis and Francapseudes uniarticulatus are recorded for the first time since the original descriptions. Notes on morphological development of Leviapseudes segonzaci and intraspecific variation of F. uniarticulatus are included, together with illustrations and descriptions of the material from the Gulf of Cadiz to complement previous descriptions.
... Oahutanais gen. n. appears to be most closely related to the genera, Leptognathiella Bird and Holdich, 1984 from the Atlantic or Gulf of México (Larsen 2005;Larsen et al. 2006), Leptognathiopsis Holdich & Bird, 1986 from the North Atlantic (Holdich and Bird 1986), and several species of Leptognathia G.O. Sars, 1882 sensu stricto (see Larsen and Shimomura 2007: 12) in having pereonites wider than long, pointed molars, females without pleopods (only in some species of Leptognathiella and Leptognathia), and uropod structure. However, the Oahutanais can be distinguished from the Atlantic species of Leptognathiopsis and Leptognathiella by having 1) the maxilliped palp article-2 with geniculate, finely pectinate spiniform seta on sub-distal margin, 2) pereopods 1-3 with basis slender, and 3) pereopod ischial setae shorter than merus. ...
A new colletteid tanaidacean, Oahutanais makalii gen. et sp. n., is described from Hawaiian coastal waters at depths ranging from 19 to 102 m. The new taxon is tentatively designated as a new genus, although it displays many features in common with the genus Leptognathiella. The new species is distinguished from the morphologically similar tanaidomorphans by having (1) a small body, less than 1.0 mm (reproductively active specimens), (2) a maxillule with two bifid spiniform setae; (3) a maxilliped palp article-2 with geniculate, finely pectinate spiniform seta on sub-distal inner margin, (4) a cheliped attachment ventrally via sclerite not connected to the carapace, and (5) the pereopods 1 to 6 with ischial seta shorter than the merus. A key to the five extant genera of Colletteidae in the North Pacific Ocean is presented herein.
... In addition, five apseudomorphs collected from mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Cadiz have been recorded from elsewhere in the NE Atlantic. It is worth mentioning that the Gulf of Cadiz is the only locality where member of the family Apseudidae have been found associated with chemosynthetic habitats (Błażewicz-Paszkowycz et al. 2011a;Larsen 2006;Larsen et al. 2006). ...
Four undescribed species of Tanaidacea were discovered during a baseline monitoring program conducted off the coast of Ghana. The specimens came from a deep-water reef largely composed of the ahermatypic coral, Lophelia pertusa. The tanaidacean material was collected during November 2012 onboard the RV Dr Fridtjof Nansen using a van Veen grab indepths of between 375 and 386 m. Three of the new species described herein are tanaidomorphans belonging to the genera Bathyleptochelia (Leptocheliidae), Pseudotanais (Pseudotanaidae) and Cryptocopoides (Cryptocopidae). The fourth species, an apseudomorphan, belongs to Calozodion (Metapseudidae), a genus hitherto known only from shallow waters (<200 m). This report constitutes the first records of tanaidaceans from a deep-sea Lophelia reef.
... In addition, five apseudomorphs collected from mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Cadiz have been recorded from elsewhere in the NE Atlantic. It is worth mentioning that the Gulf of Cadiz is the only locality where member of the family Apseudidae have been found associated with chemosynthetic habitats (Błażewicz-Paszkowycz et al. 2011a;Larsen 2006;Larsen et al. 2006). ...
This paper presents the descriptions of two new genera and four new metapseudid species collected from the coral reefs of Ningaloo and Heron Island in north-western and eastern Australia, respectively. Two of the species, Curtipleon chadi n. sp., and Creefs heronum n. gen. n. sp. are members of the subfamily Synapseudinae, one, Msangia mussida n. sp. is a member of the subfamily Msangiinae and one Bamberus jinigudirus n. gen. n. sp. is a member of the subfamily Chondropodinae. With the exception of M mussida that was found on live coral, all of the species were associated with dead corals.
... Tanaidacea may be considered an eurytopic group, recorded from almost any type of marine habitat: from hyperhaline lakes to hypohaline interstitial zones, saltmarshes and mangroves [5], [6], [7] and to the deepest abyssal habitats. They have been recorded in underwater caves [8], and at chemosynthetic habitats such as hydrothermal vents [9] mud volcanoes [10], [11] and sea-bed pock-marks [12]. Additionally, four species to date have been recorded from freshwater habitats [13]. ...
Tanaidaceans are small peracarid crustaceans which occur in all marine habitats, over the full range of depths, and rarely into fresh waters. Yet they have no obligate dispersive phase in their life-cycle. Populations are thus inevitably isolated, and allopatric speciation and high regional diversity are inevitable; cosmopolitan distributions are considered to be unlikely or non-existent. Options for passive dispersion are discussed. Tanaidaceans appear to have first evolved in shallow waters, the region of greatest diversification of the Apseudomorpha and some tanaidomorph families, while in deeper waters the apseudomorphs have subsequently evolved two or three distinct phyletic lines. The Neotanaidomorpha has evolved separately and diversified globally in deep waters, and the Tanaidomorpha has undergone the greatest evolution, diversification and adaptation, to the point where some of the deep-water taxa are recolonizing shallow waters. Analysis of their geographic distribution shows some level of regional isolation, but suffers from inclusion of polyphyletic taxa and a general lack of data, particularly for deep waters. It is concluded that the diversity of the tanaidomorphs in deeper waters and in certain ocean regions remains to be discovered; that the smaller taxa are largely understudied; and that numerous cryptic species remain to be distinguished. Thus the number of species currently recognized is likely to be an order of magnitude too low, and globally the Tanaidacea potentially rival the Amphipoda and Isopoda in diversity.
... Previous records of tanaidomorph tanaidaceans from deep-sea chemosynthetic habitats (cold seeps or hydrothermal vents) were reviewed in Błażewicz-Paszkowycz et al. (2011); of only five published studies, two were from cold seeps (Bird 1999;Larsen 2003), two from hydrothermal vents (Larsen 2006;Larsen et al. 2006) and one from submarine volcanoes (Błażewicz-Paszkowycz et al. 2011). Schander et al. (2010, studying a macrofauna at vent fields on the Mohn Ridge, to the southwest of the HMMV, a community similar to that found by Gebruk et al. (2003), recorded three tanaidacean taxa, which were not distinguished to species (Leptognathia sp., Pseudotanais sp., and Sphyrapus sp.), but they refer one of these -presumably the first -to "a new tanaid species ... belonging to a new taxon closely related to Portaratrum". ...
... Remarks. The only previously-described species of Obesutanais is O. sigridae Larsen et al., 2006Larsen et al., , from 1675 to 1710 m depth on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the Lucky Strike hydrothermal-vent field, although a second species was noted (but not described) by Larsen (2006, as Typhlotanais sp.) from 3232 m on the Gorda Ridge, part of the Juan de Fuca Ridge hydrothermal-vent system in the north-east Pacific. As well as its gross morphology, characterizing features of that genus shown also by the present species are the bifurcate unguis on pereopods 4 to 6, the large gap between the proximal seta and the distal setae on the pleopod exopod, and the long ventrodistal seta on the merus and long ventrodistal and dorsodistal setae on the carpus of pereopod 2. Unusually, both species also show a much shorter merus-carpus-propodus on pereopod 3 than on pereopod 2 (not cited as a diagnostic character by Larsen et al. 2006). ...
... The only previously-described species of Obesutanais is O. sigridae Larsen et al., 2006Larsen et al., , from 1675 to 1710 m depth on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the Lucky Strike hydrothermal-vent field, although a second species was noted (but not described) by Larsen (2006, as Typhlotanais sp.) from 3232 m on the Gorda Ridge, part of the Juan de Fuca Ridge hydrothermal-vent system in the north-east Pacific. As well as its gross morphology, characterizing features of that genus shown also by the present species are the bifurcate unguis on pereopods 4 to 6, the large gap between the proximal seta and the distal setae on the pleopod exopod, and the long ventrodistal seta on the merus and long ventrodistal and dorsodistal setae on the carpus of pereopod 2. Unusually, both species also show a much shorter merus-carpus-propodus on pereopod 3 than on pereopod 2 (not cited as a diagnostic character by Larsen et al. 2006). ...
Recent sampling of the benthos has been undertaken around the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano (HMMV) at around 1280 m depth on the Norwegian-Barents- Spitsbergen continental margin and at two seep-sites further south on the Norwegian Margin, the Nyegga seep-site and the Storegga Slide, at about 730 m depth. The collected material included eleven species of tanaidomorph tanaidacean, ten of which (from eight genera) are analyzed herein. Four of these species, one each in the genera Pseudotanais, Cryptocopoides, Obesutanais, and Akanthophoreus, are new to science. Supplementary descriptions are given for two species originally discovered during the 19th century Ingolf expedition, Typhlotanais mixtus and Meromonakantha irregularis. The genus Magotanais is synonymized with Cryptocopoides; the subfamily Akanthophoreinae, Sieg is restricted and raised to family-rank. The evolution of potentially endemic taxa at vent- and seep-sites is discussed.
... A number of the smaller taxa, including tanaidaceans, have been less-well studied at these habitats, and to date only Bird (1999), Larsen (2003;2006) and Larsen et al. (2006) have reported on deep-sea vent-associated species of this typically deep-sea-diverse taxon. ...
... There are now three species of Mesotanais recorded from this area of the North Atlantic, with the generotype M. dubius Dollfus, 1897 known from the Azores at 1287 m depth, while M. elongatus was found in the Strait of Gibraltar at 1255 m depth. Mesotanais styxis Larsen, Błażewicz-Paszkowycz & Cunha, 2006 is recorded from vents on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1709-1750 m), the remaining species being from the Gulf of Mexico (M. longisetosus, at 545-1386 m depth, and M. vadicola Sieg & Heard, 1989, at 22-865 m) and the west Pacific Ocean (M. ...
... The new species was collected from the Captain Arutyunov mud-volcano (type-locality), in the deep-water field within the Portuguese margin, at depths from 1327 to 1345 m, from the Kidd and Mercator mud-volcanoes in the El Arraiche field on the Moroccan margin, at 428 to 552 m depth, and from the Bomjardim mud-volcano in the western Moroccan field at 3061 m, on muddy-substrata. Table 1 lists all tanaidomorph taxa recorded at hydrothermal vents, submarine volcanoes or cold seeps (largely from Bird 1999;Larsen 2003;2006;Larsen et al. 2006). Some of these are discussed and well-figured in Cunha et al. (1977). ...
Faunal collections from mud-volcano sites in the Gulf of Cadiz, at depths between 355 and 3061 m, have revealed a high diversity (and in some cases high density) of tanaidaceans. The present study reports on nine new tanaidomorph species from eight different genera from this material. These include representatives of genera known elsewhere from non-ventassociated deep-sea habitats, but notably only the second and third (respectively) representatives of two genera, Coalecerotanais and Cristatotanais, known previously from cold-seep-habitats in the Gulf of Mexico. The genus Spinitanaopsis is synonymized with Cristatotanais. The tanaidacean records to date from hydrothermal vents or cold seeps are collated as a context for the present material. The possibilities of habitat-endemism in tanaidacean taxa associated with reducing environments and their biogeography are discussed.
... An array of surveys of other vent areas around the world (e.g. Vinogradov 1995; Santini & Thurston 1996; Desbruyères et al. 2001; Martin 2003; Martin & Haney 2005; Larsen 2006) have revealed a large number of species that apparently are specially adapted to this unique environment. However, in the samples from the Jan Mayen vents, the vast majority of identified species are commonly reported from the surrounding waters. ...
The macrofauna of the newly discovered hydrothermal vent field on the Mohn Ridge at 71°N was investigated. Samples were collected during the cruise BIODEEP 2006 using the ROV ‘Bathysaurus’. A total of 180 species-level taxa were identified. The region contains very few vent-endemic species, but some species of Porifera, Crustacea and Mollusca may be vent-associated. Dense aggregations of motile non-vent species such as Heliometra glacialis and Gorgonocephalus eucnemis surrounded the vent area, but the area in general only held small numbers of sedentary animals. Calcareous sponges comprised an unusually high portion of the sponge species found and they constitute one of the first pioneers among the sessile invertebrates settling on these vents. Possible explanations for the structure of the fauna in the region are discussed.
