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Types of uncus (character 44) in ventral and lateral views. The numbers indicate the character state. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Source publication
The Linnean, Wallacean, and Darwinian shortfalls are knowledge gaps about species taxonomy, distribution, and evolution, respectively. Fidicinini is a tribe of cicadas that suffers from these gaps. We assessed specimens of the tribe sharing similar male genital shape (uncus), but fitting the somatic morphology of either Dorisiana Metcalf, 1952 and...
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Citations
... Higher taxonomy follows Marshall et al. (2018), Simon et al. (2019), and Sanborn et al. (2020). The species redescription uses the morphological terminology of Moulds (2005Moulds ( , 2012, Marshall et al. (2018), and Ruschel et al. (2023). Body measurements for statistical comparisons were made with Vernier calipers accurate to ±0.05 mm or a hand-held miniscale with a dissecting miscroscope accurate to ±0.005 mm. ...
... Body measurements for statistical comparisons were made with Vernier calipers accurate to ±0.05 mm or a hand-held miniscale with a dissecting miscroscope accurate to ±0.005 mm. Ruschel et al. (2023) recently erected the genus Acanthoventris Ruschel (in Ruschel et al.), 2023 for a group of species that had historically been identified as Acanthoventris drewseni (Stål, 1854). They demonstrated that the various species now identified appear to have restricted distributions . ...
... In addition, a female example of Acanothventris drewseni was available to the author for study. This specimen was described for female specific traits and for any differences from the males described in Ruschel et al. (2023) in order to complete the redescription of the species. The female was illustrated here following the females of the genus illustrated in Ruschel et al. (2023) to facilitate comparison to other species and to facilitate identification of the species in the future. ...
A synoptic list and key of the cicadas of Uruguay is provided to complete the country lists of the South American cicada fauna. Fidicina gastracanthophora Berg, 1879 is shown to be a distinct species, is resurrected from junior synonymy, and reassigned to a new genus to become Acanthoventris gastracanthophora (Berg, 1879) revised status, n. comb. The species is redescribed to facilitate differentiating it in its new genus. The female of Acanthventris drewseni (Stål, 1854), the type species of the genus, is described and illustrated. The known ranges of Acanthoventris charrua Ruschel (in Ruschel et al.), 2023, A. drewseni (Stål, 1854), A. iara Ruschel (in Ruschel et al.), 2023, A. igneus Ruschel (in Ruschel et al.), 2023, and A. olivarius Ruschel (in Ruschel et al.), 2023 are expanded. The currently known cicada fauna for Uruguay is determined to be 12 species, 10 genera, four tribes and three subfamilies, the lowest known alpha diversity of any South American country.
... A detailed morphological study is warranted to test this hypothesis. Morphological variation in the male uncus and the female sternite VII was also observed in other cicada genera, and the uncus includes several characters relevant for inferring phylogenies in this group (Marshall et al., 2018;Ruschel et al., 2023). The features described above are also important for species-level identification. ...
Selymbria amazonensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Brazil. An illustrated taxonomic key for males and females is provided. We include distribution maps and comments on their morphology, geographical distribution, and life history.
... Reconhecemos atualmente para o Brasil a existência de menos de 200 (duzentas) espécies (RUSCHEL & MACCAGNAN, 2022). Essa quantidade registrada para o país pode ser considerada bem abaixo do que realmente existe, visto que um grande número de novas espécies vem sendo descritas nos últimos anos (SANBORN, 2017(SANBORN, , 2020(SANBORN, , 2021RUSCHEL, 2017RUSCHEL, , 2018RUSCHEL & SANBORN, 2021;RUSCHEL et al., 2023). De maneira informal, há um consenso entre pesquisadores (as) que estudam as cigarras de que podemos esperar para o Brasil algo em torno de 500 (quinhentas) espécies. ...
... (ZMD). Cicada catalogues (Metcalf 1963a;1963b;1963c;Duffels & van der Laan 1985;Sanborn 2013) and more recent literature (Boulard 2017(Boulard , 2022Dorval et al. 2011;Maccagnan et al. 2011;Sanborn 2011aSanborn , 2016aSanborn , 2017Sanborn , 2019aSanborn , b, 2020aSanborn , b, 2021bSantos & Martinelli 2011;Gogala et al. 2015;Ruschel 2017Ruschel , 2018Ruschel & Sanborn 2021;Ruschel et al. 2023) were consulted to determine cicada species reported from Brazil. Higher taxonomy was determined using diagnostic information found in Marshall et al. (2018), Simon et al. (2019), and Sanborn et al. (2020). ...
The taxonomic position and status of historically confused cicada taxa is determined. Species are reassigned based on analysis of type specimens and the application of currently accepted higher taxonomy.
The natural history of Neotropical cicadas is poorly understood. Here, we describe comparatively the spatio-temporal distribution and acoustic dynamics of two Carinetini cicadas in sympatry: colourful-cicada, Carineta diardi, and eryngo-cicada, Guaranisaria llanoi. Males of both species emit conspicuous acoustic signals during flight, a rare behaviour in cicadas. Although sympatric and synchronic, these species are not syntopic, occurring in different habitats: colourful-cicada occurs in Atlantic Forest and eryngo-cicada in native Pampean grasslands. Vertical stratification also occurs: colourful-cicada flies, sings, and copulates along the forest edge and canopy (above 2 m), while eryngo-cicada flies, sings, and copulates only in open areas (below 1 m), performing directional flights between the ‘Gravatá’ eryngo patches—a keystone plant species used as shelter, and calling and reproduction site. Acoustic repertoires vary between species: colourful-cicada presents two types of signals (flying and calling songs) and eryngo-cicada has four types (flying, calling, courtship, and wing-flicks emitted by the females). Furthermore, acoustic differences between species were found in the flying songs, but no specific differences were found in the peak frequency of their calling songs. These results show that spatial use of ‘flying singer’ cicadas can vary in habitat, providing coexistence in sympatry.
O som emitido pelos organismos é um componente biológico e físico. Nos “insetos cantores” a bioacústica é uma questão ainda pouco explorada, apesar da relevância destes sinais para sua ecologia e evolução. O registro e identificação dos sons em insetos é insipiente, principalmente no contexto do monitoramento acústico. Assim, o objetivo desta Tese é identificar, descrever e relacionar os parâmetros espectrais e temporais dos sons de chamado das espécies de grilos, esperanças, gafanhotos (Orthoptera) e cigarras (Hemiptera) no Sul do Brasil. Para isso, são apresentados quatro capítulos, sendo o primeiro um guia acústico-visual com as espécies da Savana Uruguaia (Brasil e Uruguai); o segundo avaliou a partição de nicho acústico entre insetos cantores em áreas de vegetação nativa aberta e fechada no bioma Pampa; o terceiro analisou a distribuição espaço temporal em duas cigarras simpátricas da tribo Carinetini; o quarto capítulo descreve uma assembleia acústica de grilos cantores de copa em Floresta Atlântica com Araucaria. Para as gravações dos insetos foi utilizado o gravador digital portátil Tascam DR-100 MKIII, com taxa de amostragem entre 48 kHz e 96 kHz. Para o monitoramento acústico foram utilizados os gravadores SongMeter 2 ou Audiomoth 1.2.0, configurados sob taxa de amostragem 44 kHz, registrando 1 minuto a cada 5 minutos, ao longo de 15 dias. No primeiro capítulo apresentamos o repetório de mais de 65 espécies de insetos cantores distribuídas entre 13 espécies de cigarras, 18 espécies de esperanças, 4 espécies de gafanhotos e 30 espécies de grilos. No segundo capítulo observamos que areas de vegeção aberta apresentam um número maior de espécies, mas ambientes de vegetação fechada apresentam o dobro de registros acústicos destas espécies. Embora o NMDS tenha formado dois agrupamentos distintos, a composição de espécies não diferiu entre a área aberta e de floresta fechada. No terceiro capítulo apresentamos o repertório acústico e o comportamento de acasalamento de duas cigarras simpátricas, mas não sintópicas, Carineta diardi (Guérin-Méneville, 1829) e Guaranisaria llanoi Torres, 1964. A primeira apresenta repertório com som de voo e chamado, enquanto a segunda apresenta o som de voo, chamado, corte e wing-flick, este último emitido pelas fêmeas. Destaque para o som de voo, registro inédito para a região Neotropical. No quarto capítulo apresentamos uma assembleia acústica composta por quatro espécies de grilos. Com estes capítulos apresentamos, disponibilizamos e demonstramos o repertório de espécies da ecorregião Savana Uruguaia e sul da Floresta Atlântica, que podem servir de base para estudos de monitoramento acústico, comportamento e evolução de insetos.
