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1. Types of magnetic coupling on a 1-D array: (a) ferromagnetism; (b) antiferromagnetism; (c) ferrimagnetism.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2008. This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Stoichiometrically pure S = 1/2 Cu2+ kagomé materials have been synthesized. Su...
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Citations
... It is expected that the two magnetic ions may introduce novel interactions and spin states which may open a new window for exploring kagome antiferromagnets. In fact, several groups have tried to synthesize NiCu 3 (OH) 6 Cl 2 and CoCu 3 (OH) 6 Cl 2 [15][16][17]. Unfortunately the attempts with a conventional static hydrothermal method failed or CuO impurities cannot be removed completely. ...
... No obvious hysteresis can be seen at 2 K in all the samples, which excludes the possibility that ferromagnetic components exist in the compounds. This is clearly different from the Mg-and Zn-compounds with smaller x [17,24,25], in which a Cu 2 (OD) 3 Cl-like distortion around interlayer Cu 2+ may develop at low temperatures due to Jahn-Teller effect. And it is reported that a ferromagnetic transition occurs at ~ 6 K in Cu 2 (OD) 3 Cl [26,27,28]. ...
We have successfully synthesized S = 1/2 kagome antiferromagnets MCu(3)(OH)(6)Cl(2) (M = Ni and Co) by a hydrothermal method with a rotating pressure vessel. Structural characterization shows that both compounds have similar crystal structure to ZnCu(3)(OH)(6)Cl(2) with [Formula: see text] symmetry. As with ZnCu(3)(OH)(6)Cl(2), the compounds show no obvious hysteresis at 2 K. A spin-glass transition is found in both NiCu(3)(OH)(6)Cl(2) and CoCu(3)(OH)(6)Cl(2) at low temperatures (6.0 and 3.5 K respectively) by AC susceptibility measurements. This indicates no long-range magnetic order and a strong spin frustration. The substitution of Zn(2+) by magnetic ions Ni(2+) or Co(2+) effectively enhances the interlayer exchange coupling and changes the ground state of the kagome spin system.
This chapter contains data on 2104 Raman spectra of more than 2000 mineral species taken from various periodicals. The data are accompanied by some experimental details and information on the reference samples used.
We present the hydrothermal synthesis, as well as structural and chemical analysis, of single crystals of EuCu3(OH)6Cl3, ZnxCu4−x(OH)6(NO3)2 and haydeeite, and MgCu3(OH)6Cl2 compounds, all arising from the atacamite family. Magnetic and specific-heat measurements down to 1.8 K are carried out for these systems. EuCu3(OH)6Cl3 has a frustrated antiferromagnetic Cu2+ ground state with order at 15 K, and a strong anisotropy and increased magnetization from Van Vleck paramagnetic Eu3+ contributions. ZnCu3(OH)6(NO3)2 reveals antiferromagnetic order at 9 K and measurements on haydeeite single crystals confirm the ferromagnetic order at 4.2 K with the easy axis within the kagome plane. These results prove that the atacamite family presents a broad class of materials with interesting magnetic ground states.
