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Types of QR codes. (Liu et al., 2018)
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With the developing technology, innovations have been started in many areas of life. New solutions based on technology have to be produced for new needs. The Internet has become an indispensable element of life with smartphones and mobile devices. People can access information faster, less costly and independent of time and place by using mobile de...
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... For correcting the coordinates and the coding, the timing pattern is crucial. In order for the code to be read correctly, the fifth region must be empty [6]. ...
The aim of this investigation is to analyze QR codes research main topics and evolution over time. A bibliometric study and content analysis were carried out on the documents published in Web of Science database. The findings show that research after the COVID-19 pandemic has been reinforced. The main topics are related to the willingness to use and buying intentions through the use QR codes in retail, communication, and collaborative supply chains; risks and privacy concerns with QR codes and loyalty programs; mobile payments with QR codes; and other industry-related specific topics. This study contributes to the area by providing scholars with the state of the art and trends in QR codes and can guide future research. From a managerial view, it gives insights on how to use QR codes.KeywordsQR codesBibliometric studyContent analysisContactless economyCOVID-19
Edible Bird's Nest (EBN) is a high-value premium food with nutritional properties and health benefits. Due to the absence of food safety standards and its price, EBN consumers have been exposed to food fraud issues, causing health risks and economic loss. Therefore, this study is associated with an innovative EBN traceability system using Bio-QR code to safeguard against counterfeiting and to guarantee EBN authenticity. The primary aim of the study was to examine consumer acceptance of the proposed Bio-QR code traceability system for EBN and to elucidate factors related to consumer intention by integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and its extensions with Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory. A conceptual framework was designed based on the findings, with variables across three dimensions: System Characteristics, Personal Characteristics, and Social Influence. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to analyze responses from 447 purchases of premium food, and the study investigated the intention (IN) to accept the EBN traceability system. Findings indicate the following independent variables had a significant direct and indirect influence on IN: Attitude (AT) and Subjective Norms (SN) positively impact IN. Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) influence AT, while Job Relevance (JR) and Results Demonstrability (RD) influence PU, and Self-efficacy (SE) influences PEOU. Personal Innovativeness (PI) relates to both PU and PEOU in the model. The results demonstrate that with all the above factors to predict intention, consumers are assured to show intention to adopt the traceability system.
The current research aims to analyze the relational marketing application in higher education institutions. Quantitative descriptive research was done, composed of two variables and ten indicators that explain these effects. The results describe the level of relation and student service contentment through digital marketing tools and communication channels for students enrolled in face-to-face and online classes. It has been determined that the digital tools with a more significant relation level to online students in academic matters are Instagram and YouTube. In the communication field, the Facebook tool and web portals show the highest percentage as significant, on the other hand, the most used communication channels to establish a relationship with the university during pandemic times were: Call Center, WhatsApp, virtual rooms, and every online service.KeywordsMarketing relationshipSatisfactionHigher education marketingStudent serviceDigital toolsCommunication channels
