Fig 19 - uploaded by Igor Dovgal
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Type species of the podoo phryid, phalacrocleptid and metacinee tid suctorian genera. A-Parapoo dophrya soliformis (Lauterborn, 1901), from Kahl, 1931; B-Podophrya fixa (Muller, 1786), orig.; C-Sphaeroo phrya magna Maupas, 1881, orig.; DVanhovenia multisuctores (Van Hoven et al., 1998), from Van Hoven et al., 1998; E-Allantosoma intestinalis Gassowski, 1918, orig.; F-Arcosoma dicorniger (Hsiung, 1928), from Kudo, 1946; G-Allantoxena biseriale (Strelkow, 1939), from Ike et al., 1983; HSeveronis spongiarum Jankowski, 1981, from Jankowski, 1981; I-Phalacroo cleptes verruciformis Kozloff, 1966, from Jankowski, 1981; J-Metacineta mystacina (Ehrenberg, 1831), orig.; K-Urnula epistylidis Claparede et Lachh mann, 1861, orig.; L-Paracineta paa tula (Claparede et Lachmann, 1861), budding, from Collin, 1912; MActinocyathula cidaris (Kent, 1882), from Kahl, 1934.
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Citations
... A number of suctorian and peritrich ciliates are epibionts on marine and freshwater invertebrates such as copepods, cladocerans, nematodes, halacarid and hydrachnidid mites (eg. Precht 1935;Jankowski 1981Jankowski , 2007Dovgal 1996Dovgal , 2002Dovgal et al. 2008aDovgal et al. , b, 2009aFernandezLeborans & Tato-Porto 2000a, b;Ingole et al. 2010;Fernandez-Leborans et al. 2012;Chatterjee et al. 2012Chatterjee et al. , 2013aChatterjee et al. , b, 2014). The ciliate infestation on small fauna may affect their competitive ability, reproduction, locomotion, and bioenergetics (Chatterjee 1996). ...
... Several studies stressed that the intensity and rate of infestation varies between different species and between populations of the same species ( Dovgal et al. 2002;Bartsch & Dovgal 2010). All specimens of Halacarellus discretus, collected in shallow water sandy deposits near Odessa (Black Sea) were infested Thecacineta calix with 8-62 ciliates per host specimen (Bartsch & Dovgal 2010). ...
Based on published records and original data, a list of the epibiont suctorian and peritrich ciliates (Ciliophora) on halacarid and hydrachnid mites is presented. Altogether 13 suctorian and 10 peritrich species from hydrachnid and halacarid mites were listed. From this list, six suctorian and one peritrich species have been reported from halacarid mites, while four suctorian and four peritrich species were found on hydrachnid mites determined up to species level. The remaining specimens were determined upto the generic level. The halacarid and hydrachnid species do not share any suctorian and peritrich species and some of the ciliate species are specific to certain taxonomic groups of the hosts.The host specificity of both suctorian and peritrich ciliates, localization on the host body and environment are discussed. Some ciliate species specific to hydrachnid mites prefer lotic or lentic habitats. In most cases, both suctorian and peritrich ciliates prefer only marine or only fresh water bodies. It was also mentioned that both suctorian and peritrich ciliates have not distinct preferences in localization on their host body.
... A number of suctorian and peritrich ciliates are epibionts on marine and freshwater invertebrates such as copepods, cladocerans, nematodes, halacarid and hydrachnidid mites (eg. Precht 1935;Jankowski 1981Jankowski , 2007Dovgal 1996Dovgal , 2002Dovgal et al. 2008aDovgal et al. , b, 2009aFernandezLeborans & Tato-Porto 2000a, b;Ingole et al. 2010;Fernandez-Leborans et al. 2012;Chatterjee et al. 2012Chatterjee et al. , 2013aChatterjee et al. , b, 2014). The ciliate infestation on small fauna may affect their competitive ability, reproduction, locomotion, and bioenergetics (Chatterjee 1996). ...
... Several studies stressed that the intensity and rate of infestation varies between different species and between populations of the same species ( Dovgal et al. 2002;Bartsch & Dovgal 2010). All specimens of Halacarellus discretus, collected in shallow water sandy deposits near Odessa (Black Sea) were infested Thecacineta calix with 8-62 ciliates per host specimen (Bartsch & Dovgal 2010). ...
Based on published records and original data, a list of the epibiont suctorian and peritrich ciliates (Ciliophora) on halacarid and hydrachnid mites is presented. Altogether 13 suctorian and 10 peritrich species from hydrachnid and halacarid mites were listed. From this list, six suctorian and one peritrich species have been reported from halacarid mites, while four suc-torian and four peritrich species were found on hydrachnid mites determined up to species level. The remaining specimens were determined upto the generic level. The halacarid and hydrachnid species do not share any suctorian and peritrich species and some of the ciliate species are specific to certain taxonomic groups of the hosts.The host specificity of both suctorian and peritrich ciliates, localization on the host body and environment are discussed. Some ciliate species specific to hydrachnid mites prefer lotic or lentic habitats. In most cases, both suctorian and peritrich ciliates prefer only marine or only fresh water bodies. It was also mentioned that both suctorian and peritrich ciliates have not distinct preferences in localization on their host body.
... В связи с этим, настоящее сообщение содержит предварительную оценку специфичности к хозяевам отмеченных в подземных водах комменсальных и паразитических цилиат из классов Suctorea Claparede et Lachmann, 1859 За основу в данной статье принята система типа Ciliophora Д. Линна (Lynn, 2008) за исключением класса Suctorea, для которого применялась система И.В. Довгаля (Довгаль, 2013;Dovgal, 2002). ...
... У их расселительных стадий (бродяжек, томитов) имеется только локомоторная цилиатура, либо инфрацилиатура (базальные тельца ресничек). Характерный для большинства цилиат ротовой аппарат отсутствует функция питания выполняется щупальцами с осевым скелетом (аксонемой) из микротрубочек (Довгаль, 2013;Dovgal, 2002). ...
... Дж. Матьяшич (Matjašič, 1956) впервые установил, что S. troglocaridis размножается путем формирования своеобразных червеобразных безресничных бродяжек. Однако, данный тип почкования (вермигеммия) характерен для сукторий из разных местообитаний, не только пещерных (Довгаль, 2013;Dovgal, 2002). Впоследствии S. troglocaridis была найден в пещере Нижняя Шакуранская, Западный Кавказ, Абхазия (Dovgal, Vargovitsh, 2010) на креветках Troglocaris sp. ...
Summary. The host specificity is estimated of 28 commensal or parasitic ciliate
species referred to as troglo- or stygobites from the classes Suctorea, Heterotrichea
and Oligohymenophorea. However, only three suctorians (Spelaeophrya
troglocaridis, Tokophrya microcerberi and Echinophrya stenaselli) and four
peritrichs (Lagenophrys monolistrae, Scyphidia microlistrae, Vaginicola
subcilindrica and Platycola lageniformis) may be considered as stygobionts. The
other species are to be recognized as epigean, which by virtue of their biological
peculiarities are capable of getting adapted to subterranean conditions.
... The redescriptions of these ciliates with attention to poorly studied stylotheca structure in suctorian ciliate and macronucleus morphology in peritrich are presented. The systematic position of suctorian ciliate have been given afterDovgal (2002Dovgal ( , 2013) whereas systematics of peritrich ciliate have been shown after Lynn (2008). ...
The article is dedicated to re-discovery of ciliates Loricophrya bosporica (Suctorea) and Cothurnia sp. (Peritrichia) found at nematodes from methane seep of the Ria Formosa lagoon (Southern Portugal). Based on authors' data the lagoon sediments might be attributing to the hypoxic (periodically anoxic) methane seepage environment. The morphological characterizations of found ciliates with emphasis on poorly studied stylotheca structure in suctorian ciliate and macronucleus morphology in peritrich are presented.
... Classification and identification of species was based on previously published species descriptions and taxonomic lists (Dovgal 2002;Gürelli and Ito 2014;Ito et al. 2010Ito et al. , 2011Latteur 1967;Latteur et al. 1970;Lynn 2008;Imai 1995, 1997;Wolska 1967Wolska , 1968Wolska 1971Wolska , 1986. ...
The aims of this investigation were to identify and quantify ciliates inhabiting the large intestine of Asian elephants living in Gaziantep Zoo, Turkey, and to describe a new suctorian genus and species. Species composition and distribution of intestinal ciliates voided in the feces of two Asian elephants were examined. Fifteen species of intestinal ciliates, representing 7 genera, were identified. One new suctorian genus and species, Brevitentaculum antebum n. g., n. sp., was described. This new species has two short truncated terminal projections, with two longitudinally lined bands located between the two projections, near the convex surface of the cell. Short rod-like tentacles are in two fascicles near each base of terminal projections on the flattened surface of the body. Ciliate densities in the two fecal samples were 4.5 × 104/mL and 10 × 104/mL.
... ) in representatives of Loricophrya is shorter than the lorica itself (in contrast with the relative genus Paracineta Collin, 1911). Dovgal (2002) has added the information on the mode of reproduction in some Loricophrya's species and proposed the latter generic diagnosis: ...
... minutus were infected with suctorians, which represents of Lorycophrya bosporica sp.n. Terminology and systematic position of suctorian ciliates followed Dovgal (2002, 2013). ...
A suctorian ciliate Loricophrya bosporica sp. nov. is described from the body surface of nematodes of genus Desmoscolex collected in oxic/anoxic boundary of the Bosporus outlet area of the Black Sea. The new species differs from relative species L. sivertseni by development of its body, which takes no more than half, or a third of the lorica length, absence of crown-like projections at the lorica edge as for adhesive disk. From L. tuba new species differs by considerably shorter stylotheca and prevalence to nematode host instead of echinoderms.
... The term epibiont comprises organisms that, during the sessile phase of their life cycle, are fixed to the surface of a living substratum, while the basibiont carries and constitutes a support for the epibiont (Threlkeld et al. 1993). An important number of ciliates have been described as epibionts in many crustacean groups such as amphipods, branchiopods, copepods, ostracods, mysids, euphausiids or decapods (Fernandez-Leborans et al. 1997, 2002Fernandez-Leborans andTato-Porto 2000a,b, 2002). Some of these crustaceans may constitute an important part of the zooplankton , which act as substrata for the epibionts and also as intermediate or final hosts of different parasite species (Chatton 1920;Ho and Perkins 1985;Fernandez-Leborans and Tato-Porto 2002;Skovgaard et al. 2005Skovgaard et al. , 2007Skovgaard et al. , 2012Skovgaard and Saiz 2006;G omez et al. 2009;Gregori et al. 2012Gregori et al. , 2013. ...
... The 18S rRNA has been broadly used as a taxonomic tool to clarify the taxonomy of phyllopharyngean ciliates at different taxonomic levels, from species (Li and Song 2006;Gong et al. 2008Gong et al. , 2009Pan et al. 2012) to higher rank relationships (Rylei and Katz 2001;Snoeyenbos-West et al. 2004;Zhao et al. 2013). Despite the extraordinary diversity of forms displayed by these ciliates, both morphologic (Dovgal 1996(Dovgal , 2002Lynn 2008) and genetic works (Snoeyenbos-West et al. 2004;Zhao et al. 2013) confirmed that the phyllopharyngean subclass is a monophyletic clade containing three major orders, according to their mode of asexual reproduction: Evaginogenina, Exogenina and Endogenina. ...
... However, as stated in the morphological section, P. limbata belongs to the order Exogenina as it has exogenous budding. Given that the mode of asexual reproduction is a valid character that defines the different orders within the Phyllopharyngea, supported both by morphology and genetics (Dovgal 1996(Dovgal , 2002Snoeyenbos-West et al. 2004;Lynn 2008;Zhao et al. 2013), we consider that the organism present in GenBank as P. limbata is misidentified as its morphology does not match its phylogenetic position. Therefore, according to the present data, the species identified as P. limbata in the work of Zhao et al. (2013) is an endogenid closely related to the genus Pelagacineta, and thus, under such circumstances, the Endogenina will remain as monophyletic. ...
Paraeuchaeta hebes is one of the most important carnivorous copepods in the coastal upwelling system off Galician waters (R�ıa de Vigo, NE Atlantic). A suctorian epibiont of the genus Pelagacineta was found attached to the surface of these copepods. The abundance and distribution on the copepod surface were analysed, taking into account the sex of the crustacean, revealing some preference for females and also a different attachment point in both sexes. The morphological study allowed us to identify a new species of this Suctoria epibiont as
Pelagacineta hebensis. Moreover, the 18S rRNA gene was partially sequenced to inspect the phylogenetic position of Pelagacineta hebensis within the subclass Phyllopharyngea. The maximum-likelihood (ML) tree obtained was consistent with the morphological and with previous molecular studies and showed that
P. hebensis belongs to the order Endogenina, as a sister clade of the few taxa sequenced within this order. Including new genetic data to the Endogenina will allow building new hypothesis about the evolution of the most derived clade of suctorians.
... The ostracods were examined and identified by using standard identification keys and references 23,24,25 under a stereoscopic microscope (Leica MZ16). Ciliated protozoan epibionts were isolated, identified and microphotographed using Nikon Eclipse light microscope attached with Nikon DN 100 series digital camera 26,27,20,28 . Biometric values of the epibionts were taken using an ocular micrometer. ...
The Cypridina dentata samples collected from North Eastern Arabian Sea, during spring inter monsoon were infested with protozoan epibionts in densities of 10 to 24 individuals per ostracod. Epibionts are suctorian ciliate protozoan species Acineta satyanandani and Paracineta karunakarani. Epibionts colonized the entire body surface, but were most numerous on the dorsal region of the carapace. Maximum number of epibionts was found on females, when compared to the male organisms. Live ostracod specimens infested with epibionts were less active than the uninfested ones and these results
further suggest that epibiontic protozoans may also influence the activity of ostracods and therefore may play a substantial role in ostracod production and community dynamics. Epibiontic suctorians on ostracod Cypridina dentata were analysed and identified for the first time from North Eastern Arabian Sea.
... For permanent slide preparation, infested nematodes were transferred into glycerol and mounted. Terminology and systematic position of suctorian ciliates followed Dovgal (2002, 2013). The measurements of ciliates were conducted using the AxioVision software for processing of digital images. ...
A suctorian ciliate Thecacineta urceolata sp. nov. is described from the sediment specimens collected in a seagrass bed at Ludao, Taiwan. The suctorian was found colonizing the body surface of nematode Desmodora pontica. The new species differs from relatives, Thecacineta cothurnioides and Thecacineta oregonensis, in the lorica structure, which characteristic by the urceolate apical part.
... Comparison. The genus Tokophrya Butschli, 1889 was reviewed by Curds (1985), Matthes (1988) and Dovgal (2002). The only similar tokophryid is Tokophrya cyclopum (Claparede & Lachmann, 1859), equally common in Petersburg and Irkutsk areas (Figs 1-4). ...
Freshwater ostracods, even in seasonally drying and freezing ditches, are inhabited by a variety of ciliates, possibly with rapid encysting. Loricates are represented by the genus Lagenophrys, stalked peritrichs, by solitary and colonial species of both Vorticellida and Operculariida; no suctorians have been found so far. The epifauna near St Petersburg and Irkutsk is the same, except for the common occurence of a small tokophryid suctorian on the shell surface of Herpetocypris incongruens along the Angara River and along Listvenka - Irkutsk road; this species may be a regional endemic. A similar but not the same tokophryid inhabits the few examined Baikalian ostracods. This new species, Tokophrya sibirica sp. nov., associated with H. incongruens, is very similar but not identical to T. cyclopum.
