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This study presents an outline of the 12 principles of green relevance in nanomaterial synthesis. The goal of using green renewable resources is to protect the environment from negative effects, which can be achieved via several main directions, including the choice of innocuous solvents, such as supercritical (SC) fluids or water, and/or additives...
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The solution plasma process (SPP) can provide a low-temperature reaction field, leading to an effective synthesis of N-doped graphene with a high N content and well-structured planar structure. However, the interactions at the plasma–solution interface have not been well understood; therefore, it needs to be urgently explored to achieve the modulat...
Carbon nanoflakes were fabricated from domestic waste tea leaves as a bio-alternative source of carbon in one step. The fabricated nanoflakes based-carbon were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis wa...
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... NaYF 4 is a suitable host for RE ions due its low phonon energy (∼300 cm −1 ) that makes multi-phonon assisted nonradiative relaxation of the excited ions weak [7]. Superior performance of Eu 3+ as an efficient spectrum converter in various inorganic matrices has been reported in the literature [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. ...
Polymer nanocomposite coatings of solar photovoltaic cells that absorb solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation and convert it into visible and near-infrared (NIR) light can increase the operational lifetime and the energy efficiency of the cells. We report a polymer nanocomposite spectrum converting layer (SCL) made of colorless polyimide CORIN impregnated with the nanoparticles (NPs) of fluoride NaYF4 doped with three-valent ions of Europium at a molar concentration of 60%. The NPs were the nanocrystals (179 ± 35 nm in size) in thermally stable hexagonal beta-phase. The visible-NIR photoluminescence quantum yield of the nano-powder was ∼69%. The SCLs were applied using the open-air multi-beam multi-target pulsed laser deposition method to silicon heterojunction (SHJ), copper-indium-gallium-selenide (CIGS), and inverted metamorphic multijunction (IMM) solar cells. The cells were exposed to UV radiation from a 365 nm light emitting diode. The I–V characteristics of the cells were measured with a solar simulator using AM0 filter. The proposed SCLs improved the UV stability of all three types of the cells: the power degradation of SHJs and IMMs cells was stopped or slightly reversed and the degradation rate of CIGSs decreased by ∼25%. The proposed SCLs have great commercial potential, especially for applications to space power.
... It is produced by exposing the chitin shells of crustaceans such as prawns, to an alkaline solution, such as sodium hydroxide. According to some reports, numerous industrial and potential biomedical applications were linked to chitosan [8]. It can be applied in agriculture as a biopesticide and seed treatment, assisting plants in warding off fungus infestations, besides it can be utilized as a fining agent in winemaking, which also helps to ward off rotting. ...
Nanoparticles (NPs) have experienced an explosive global growth as a key byproduct of nanotechnologies over the last ten years due to their remarkable physiochemical qualities. Bimetallic nanoparticles are a promising combination of two kinds of nanoparticles that often display synergetic behaviors. In the current study, a technology that is beneficial to the environment was used to biosynthesize copper oxide and gold nanoparticles (CuO@Au NPs) utilizing a fungus isolate. Using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and chitosan (Ch), formed nanoparticles were turned into biopolymers (nanocomposite) using a green method. CuO@Au NPs and nanocomposite qualities were investigated using physical and chemical methods including FITR and XRD, as well as topographical methods like FESEM and HRTEM. About 20 nm-diameter bimetallic NPs were identified in the nanocomposite, which was also determined to have verified nanostructures. CuO@Au NPs exhibited less antimicrobial activities with inhibition zones of 15, 27, 8, and 25 mm than nanocomposite with inhibition zones of 16, 26, 29, and 14 mm against E. coli, E. faecalis, C. albicans, A. flavus, and M. circinelloid respectively. CuO@Au NPs reflected more MIC value against S. aureus, (62.5 µg/mL), S. typhi (62.5 µg/mL), E. faecalis (31.25 µg/mL) than MIC value of nanocomposite against the same bacteria. Moreover, the MBC values of CuO@Au NPs were more (ranged from 31.25 to 125 µg/mL) than that of nanocomposite (ranged from 15.62 to 62.5 µg/mL) against tested bacteria. DPPH scavenging % indicated that nanocomposite was promising than CuO@Au NPs with IC50 value of 116.87 µg/mL and 173.34 µg/mL, respectively. Effect of CuO@Au NPs and nanocomposite on Wi38 reflected high IC50 of 585.15 ± 1.58 µg/mL and 587.14 ± 0.29 µg/mL, respectively against Wi38 cells. However, the recorded IC50 values of CuO@Au NPs were less (166.56 ± 2.91 µg/mL) than IC50 (181.8 ± 4.27 µg/mL) of the nanocomposite against MCF-7 cells.
Graphical Abstract
... Specifically, the use of gamma irradiation in the intramolecular crosslinking process has demonstrated potential in the production of nano-gels with a restricted size distribution, a high crosslinking density, and a semi-permeable membrane (Alshangiti et al., 2019). For crosslinked hydrogel (Ghobashy et al., 2021b) to be used as a template (Ghobashy et al., 2021a) and blend polymer (Ghobashy et al., 2017) hydrogel points to utilize as green renewable assets to protect the environment from negative effects (Madani et al., 2022). Previous studies from our laboratory have indicated that irradiation treatment is a useful method for these hydrogel points. ...
... NPs prepared by common techniques have a limited application in the medical field due to their negative impact on living organisms [1]. Chemical studies of the NPs preparation methods from plants leaves contributed to overcoming the limitations of conventional chemical and physical NPs synthesis techniques [2,3]. Plants possess wealthy genetic varies with respect to most of the bio-molecules and metabolites like vitamins, proteins based intermediates and carbohydrates [4]. ...
This article investigates biosynthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) from Moringa oleifera leaves extract using an eco-friendly preparation method. The crystalline structure, optical properties, morphology and impedance characteristics of ZnO NPs were analyzed using impedance spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-vis). The powder XRD pattern confirmed the crystallinity of the prepared samples as well as enabled determining their crystallite size and pure phase portion. The FTIR study confirmed the presence of functional groups responsible for reduction metal ions into ZnO NPs. UV-vis absorption spectra contained the absorption peak corresponding to ZnO NPs. Impedance spectroscopy of the prepared ZnO NPs revealed the grain boundaries in them and confirmed their semiconducting nature.
... This sensitivity renders it a valuable tool for detecting a wide range of analytes, including biological molecules and environmental contaminants [86]. Consequently, UV-Vis analysis of AgNPs, coupled with the discernible SPR peak, assumes critical importance in characterizing and harnessing these materials across diverse domains, such as nanotechnology, biomedicine, and environmental science [87,88]. ...
... Molecules 2024, 29, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 25 importance in characterizing and harnessing these materials across diverse domains, such as nanotechnology, biomedicine, and environmental science [87,88]. ...
This study describes a simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles using a rosmarinic acid extract from Perilla frutescens (PFRAE) as the bioreduction agent. The resulting nanoparticles, called PFRAE-AgNPs, were characterized using various analytical techniques. The UV–Vis spectrum confirmed the formation of PFRAE-AgNPs, and the FTIR spectrum indicated the participation of rosmarinic acid in their synthesis and stabilization. The XRD pattern revealed the crystal structure of PFRAE-AgNPs, and the TEM analysis showed their spherical morphology with sizes ranging between 20 and 80 nm. The DLS analysis indicated that PFRAE-AgNPs were monodispersed with an average diameter of 44.0 ± 3.2 nm, and the high negative zeta potential (−19.65 mV) indicated their high stability. In the antibacterial assays, the PFRAE-AgNPs showed potent activity against both Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacterial pathogens, suggesting that they could be used as a potential antibacterial agent in the clinical setting. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of PFRAE-AgNPs against DPPH and ABTS radical scavengers highlights their potential in the treatment of various oxidative stress-related diseases. PFRAE-AgNPs also demonstrated significant anticancer activity against a range of cell lines including human colon cancer (COLO205), human prostate carcinoma (PC-3), human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), and human ovarian cancer (SKOV3) cell lines suggesting their potential in cancer therapy. The nanoparticles may also have potential in drug delivery, as their small size and high stability could enable them to cross biological barriers and deliver drugs to specific target sites. In addition to the aforementioned properties, PFRAE-AgNPs were found to be biocompatible towards normal (CHO) cells, which is a crucial characteristic for their application in cancer therapy and drug delivery systems. Their antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties make them promising candidates for the development of new therapeutic agents. Furthermore, their small size, high stability, and biocompatibility could enable them to be used in drug delivery systems to enhance drug efficacy and reduce side effects.
... Radiation processing using ionizing radiation provides a promising approach to transforming plastic waste into functional materials [19,20]. Ionizing radiation, such as gamma or electron beam irradiation, can induce chemical and physical changes in plastic polymers, altering their molecular structure and bulk properties [21]. ...
This study investigated the fabrication of a jelly-like material from recycled linear low-density polyethylene (rLLDPE) using gamma irradiation and thermal processing with silicone oil. rLLDPE was irradiated at 0, 50, 75, and 100 kGy before pyrolysis in silicone oil at 300 ℃ for 1 h to produce the jelly-like material (Ir-jLLDPE). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed interactions between rLLDPE and silicone oil in Ir-jLLDPE. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a rough, porous surface morphology with internal fibrillar structures. Thermogravimetric analysis showed thermal decomposition stages related to structural changes from irradiation and silicone oil integration. Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated the exceptional absorption capacities of Ir-jLLDPE for various organic solvents (0.1–24.7 g/g) and oils (0.6–19.8 g/g). Kinetic studies revealed absorption followed pseudo-first order at 50 and 75 kGy doses and pseudo-second order at 0 and 100 kGy doses. Isotherm modeling indicated the Freundlich model better described adsorption behavior. Over 10 adsorption cycles, Ir-jLLDPE exhibited excellent stability for pump oil at 50 and 75 kGy. This research highlights the promise of gamma-irradiated, thermally processed rLLDPE materials for applications in oil spill remediation, organic contaminant removal, and environmental sustainability. The novel approach of combining radiation and thermal processing can upcycle problematic rLLDPE plastic waste into an absorbent jelly material with potential environmental remediation applications.
... On close inspection of the spectrum, the AgNPs shows a broad band with a visible peak observed at 465 nm which correspond to the plasmonic absorption of AgNPs [3,[17][18][19][20]. The surface plasmon resonance effect is due to the mutual oscillation of conduction electrons which are in resonance with the light wave. ...
The development of efficient metal doped semiconductors for Photovoltaic applications has gained a lot of research attention. In this present paper, pure and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-modified TiO2 nanocrystals (NCs) with different amount of AgNPs (say 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 µL) were achieved and the effects of AgNPs on the TiO2 NCs were explored systematically. The optical, structural and morphological properties were probed using UV-visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of the optical studies showed a characteristic peak of TiO2 and the redshifting of the peak position was observed by introducing AgNPs. The synergetic effects from AgNPs and TiO2 results to diminished band gap. The XRD result confirmed the formation of a tetragonal anatase TiO2 phase with a decrease in crystallite size with increasing AgNPs content. The SEM images show enhanced nucleation and film growth with presence of shining surface which can be seen to contribute to good photon management by enhancing light scattering. The unadulterated TiO2 and AgNPs-modified TiO2 have spherical morphology and uniform size distribution ranging from 20 to 30 nm. This study established the view that surface modification of TiO2 with AgNPs is a viable approach towards achieving an efficient light photocatalyst.
... Using renewable resources to produce nanomaterials has substantial advantages in terms of environmental sustainability, accessibility, customized features, and contributions to sustainable development. To fully realize the potential of renewable resources in green nanomaterial synthesis, however, issues such as batch-to-batch variability, extraction and purification processes, cost and scale-up, and safety and toxicity considerations must be addressed (Madani et al., 2022). By overcoming these obstacles, we can harness nature's strength to produce creative and sustainable nanomaterials that benefit a variety of businesses and address urgent global issues. ...
Chemical, Material Sciences & Nano technology book series aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research results on all aspects of Chemical, Material Sciences & Nano technology. The field of advanced and applied Chemical, Material Sciences & Nano technology has not only helped the development in various fields in Science and Technology but also contributes the improvement of the quality of human life to a great extent. The focus of the book would be on state-of-the-art technologies and advances in Chemical, Material Sciences & Nano technology and to provides a remarkable opportunity for the academic, research and industrial communities to address new challenges and share solutions.
... Green synthesis has emerged as a pivotal paradigm in materials science, standing in stark contrast to conventional chemical methods involving hazardous chemicals and substantial waste (Sengupta and Hussain 2023;Castiello et al. 2023). Utilizing plant extracts, microorganisms, or other sustainable sources aligns with the principles of sustainability, reducing the environmental footprint (Madani et al. 2022;Eddine et al. 2023). The leaves of Pistacia lentiscus, native to Mediterranean and Middle Eastern areas, have gained attention for green synthesis due to their bioactive compounds (Milia et al. 2021). ...
This study presents the synthesis and application of MgO@SnO2 nanocomposite (NC), surface-modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), to address heavy metal removal and hydrocarbon degradation in petroleum wastewater. The nanocomposites were eco-friendly produced using Pistacia lentiscus leaf extract and underwent thorough characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, confirming their successful synthesis and modification. Adsorption studies evaluated the nanocomposites’ efficiency in eliminating 11 heavy metals from petroleum wastewater. Results revealed impressive adsorption capacities, achieving complete Cr, Mo, and Sb removal within 20 min and nearly 99% removal of all tested metals within 30 min. Additionally, MgO@SnO2@PVP NC exhibited exceptional photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation, leading to an 88% hydrocarbon degradation and an 85% reduction in total suspended solids (TSS) in oily industrial water (OIW) after 30 min, outperforming MgO@SnO2 NC. The reaction kinetics followed a pseudo-first-order model, with rate constant (k) values of 0.041 and 0.090 min⁻¹ for OIW and TSS, respectively. Furthermore, the nanocomposites showed excellent recyclability over five cycles. First-principles calculations confirmed robust adsorption between the nanocomposites and heavy metal ions, validating their binding efficacy. Biosynthesized MgO@SnO2@PVP NC proves effective and recyclable for removing heavy metals and degrading hydrocarbons in petroleum wastewater, presenting promising environmental remediation solutions.
Graphical Abstract
... Polymers are good candidates for many fields, but they should be developed for special requirements [1][2][3][4][5][6]. With the advent of nanotechnology, nanocomposites with ultrafine phase dispersion of nanofiller show many unique properties along with various technological and economic opportunities [4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The large surface area and the big aspect ratio of nanoparticles, together with the good interfacial interactions among polymer and nanoparticles, lead to exceptional behavior in polymer nanocomposites [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. ...
Patchy interactions and heterogeneous charge distribution make nanoclay (NC) a promising biomaterial to interact with different biomolecules, polymers, and biological components. Many researchers have studied the polymer/clay nanocomposites in recent years. However, some deficiencies, such as poor impact strength, limit the application of polymer/clay nanocomposites in different fields. As a result, many attempts have been made to resolve this problem. Also, researchers have developed calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles as biomedical materials. The nontoxic properties and biocompatibility of both CaCO3 and NC make their nanocomposites ideal for biomedical applications. In this article, a detailed review of the ternary polymer nanocomposites containing NC and CaCO3 is presented. The morphological, thermal, mechanical, and rheological characteristics, in addition to the modeling of behavior and foam properties, are studied in this article. In addition, the potential challenges for ternary nanocomposites and their biomedical applications are discussed.
