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Ramón Sempere-Tortosa (2015) Nanotechnology can provide a real breakthrough in the anti-slip properties of safety footwear soles, Footwear Science, 7:sup1, S58-S60,
Given the creation of materials based on nanoscale science, nanotechnology must be combined with other disciplines. This role is played by the new concept of nanoarchitectonics, the process of constructing...
Nanotechnology is one of the key technologies of the 21st century and is associated with high expectations. Products with completely new properties for application in medicine, science, industry and various techniques are designed. However, the larger surface area of nanoparticles makes them highly reactive compared to larger sized particles of the...
Citations
... Collaboration promoted by foundations, such as the Mexican-American Science Foundation (FUMEC) created in 1992, is worth mentioning. This is a strategic alliance between government, universities and firms that integrates activities with an entrepreneurial base and three major objectives: technology-based economic development, technology-based firm accelerators and the System for Technical Firm Assistance, which supports small and medium firms (Antal, 2009) The Foundation has been very active in developing nanotechnologies and nanoscience in Mexico (Robles, 2011). ...
International collaboration has become increasingly important in carrying out research activities. This book, written by a large group of scholars from Europe and Latin America, maps, analyses and discusses research collaboration between the two continents during the last twenty years. The empirical material underlines the richness and the variety of the links that bind the two continents, well beyond the simplified views of science, either as the brainchild of global networking or as a result of dependence. The book also develops an innovative methodological approach, combining bibliometric analysis, social surveying, in-depth interviews, and a careful analysis of research programmes and policies. While arguing that the asymmetry of relations that once existed in cooperation has turned into a more equal partnership between the two continents, it deciphers some of the reasons behind this more balanced cooperation. It also challenges the view of science as a global self-organising system through collective action at the level of researchers themselves. On the contrary, the importance of policy, institutions, and previously developed research is highlighted and recognised.
... Collaboration promoted by foundations, such as the Mexican-American Science Foundation (FUMEC) created in 1992, is worth mentioning. This is a strategic alliance between government, universities and firms that integrates activities with an entrepreneurial base and three major objectives: technology-based economic development, technology-based firm accelerators and the System for Technical Firm Assistance, which supports small and medium firms (Antal, 2009) The Foundation has been very active in developing nanotechnologies and nanoscience in Mexico (Robles, 2011). ...
... Cette configuration donne ainsi lieu à une multiplicité de communautés scientifiques qui agissent selon leurs propres dynamiques disciplinaires et cherchent avant tout à s'intégrer aux réseaux mondiaux de recherche technoscientifique. On assiste alors à un mouvement ambigu : un certain reflux du rôle des gouvernements centraux et l'apparition d'autorités régionales de plus en plus actives, tandis que de nouveaux acteurs acquièrent des rôles importants en matière de recherche et d'innovation, comme les entreprises à base de technologie, les centres publics de recherche revivifiés, des agences nouvelles (Robles, 2011), des organismes parapublics et, surtout, de nombreuses ONG (Arellano, 2005). ...
... L'opposition science fondamentale/science appliquée qui a taraudé l'Europe des années 1960 à 1980, jusqu'à l'invention des politiques d'innovation, n'a pas entièrement disparu en Amérique latine dans le discours, mais elle s'est estompée au point de ne plus être visible : les chercheurs latino-américains passent d'une science « académique » à une activité de recherche « utile » (Robles, 2011). Les instituts « purement fondamentaux », comme fut l'IVIC, ont pratiquement disparu ou se sont reconvertis. ...
Il s'agit de la présentation du dossier de la Revue d’Anthropologie des Connaissances voudrait apporter aux lecteurs de la RAC un éclairage sur la contribution latino-américaine à ces questions importantes pour les études du domaine STS, tout particulièrement en ouvrant des perspectives sur un travail comparatif prenant en compte à la fois les particularités des situations régionales mais aussi ce processus de circulation et d’hybridation des connaissances tant au sein de l’Amérique latine qu’avec le reste du monde. Ainsi, la Revue affirme la nécessité de commencer un travail de type généalogique sur le mouvement des recherches STS, longtemps fixées sur les hauts lieux de la production scientifique (instituts de recherche, laboratoires), sur les disciplines nobles et sur les hautes technologies vers d’autres formes sociales, politiques et matérielles de production de savoir, de leur circulation et de leur légitimation. Il s’agit ni plus ni moins de fonder une perspective permettant de mieux prendre en compte l’hétérogénéité des savoirs et de leurs articulations.
This chapter presents a framework for the characterization and evaluation of the implementation and development of an emerging technology from a networks approach. Through an analysis of technical-economic networks and an analysis of social networks, a study of the development of microtechnologies in Mexico around scientific, technical and market poles can be performed. Emerging technologies in this country, around which various actors have mobilized along the different stages of installation and development. The results in this study allow us to identify heterogeneous actors within the various collaboration network configurations in the different development poles (scientific, technical and market poles) of these emerging technologies in Mexico. Likewise, it offers some elements that allow us to consider the dynamics of the characterized networks. The proposed framework of analysis in this work can be replicated in other cases of technological development, if and when care is taken with methodological issues and theoretical.
Invernizzi, Hubert, and Vinck study the development of nanoscience policy in Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina to examine how the scientific priorities of nations outside Latin America shape those in Latin America. Acknowledging the strong policy influence of the United States and Europe, they nonetheless challenge the narrative of policy imitation by showing how the distinctive character of national and international scientific networks in different Latin American countries, and the scientific traditions within each country, shape the specific character of these policies despite their common rhetoric. They thus argue that local factors contribute to the ways in which scientific development is materially organized and scientific policies travel and change.
The emergence of new sciences and technologies come with new dynamics in the production, use and dissemination of new scientific and technological knowledge. These new dynamics are reflected in the reorganization of scientific activities, in creating or redirecting new topics in research, in the emergence of new concerns and debates about the risks and social implications, and the participation of new actors in the development of science and technology, among other factors. This article presents the results of the study on the functions of an organism with philanthropic and non-governmental sources that has been central to the development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) in Mexico. The functions have been discussed and are developed at different stages of development of this emerging technology in this country. In addition to showing the functions of such a body, this text is questioned on modeling the relationships between the various entities in the development and deployment of new technologies. In the conclusions we try moving some elements to take into account these organisms and enrich social studies on the new sciences and technologies.
